Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research最新文献

{"title":"Activation of mas restores hyperoxia-induced loss of lung epithelial barrier function through inhibition of apoptosis.","authors":"A. Abdul-Hafez, Tarek Mohamed, B. Uhal","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00208","url":null,"abstract":"Background Neonatal therapy with a high concentration of oxygen (hyperoxia) is a known cause of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). BPD is characterized by increased pulmonary permeability and diffuse infiltration of various inflammatory cells. Disruption of the epithelial barrier may lead to altered pulmonary permeability and airways fluid accumulation. Mas receptor is a component of the renin angiotensin system and is the receptor for the protective endogenous peptide angiotensin 1-7. The activation of the Mas receptor was previously shown to have protective pulmonary responses. However, the effect of Mas receptor activation on epithelial barrier integrity has not been tested. Objective To determine the effects of hyperoxia with or without Mas receptor activation on epithelial cell barrier integrity. Design/Methods Human epithelial cell line A549 was cultured on transwell polycarbonate porous membrane to confluence and treated with 95% oxygen (hyperoxia) for 72 hours with or without the Mas receptor agonist (AVE0991), or the apoptotic inhibitors Z-VAD-FMK or aurintricarboxylic acid. The cells were then challenged with Rhodamine labeled bovine serum albumin (Rh-BSA) on one side of the membrane. Fluorescent quantitation of Rh-BSA (albumin flux) was performed on the media in the other side of the membrane 3 hours later and was compared with 21% oxygen (Normoxia) control group. A549 cells were also cultured with or without AVE0991 in hyperoxia or normoxia and used for nuclear fragmentation apoptosis assay using propidium iodide staining. Results Hyperoxia induced an increase in albumin flux that was significantly prevented by AVE0991 treatment and by the apoptosis inhibitors. AVE0991 also significantly decreased the hyperoxia-induced nuclear fragmentation. Conclusion These results suggest that hyperoxia causes a disruption in the epithelial barrier integrity, and that this disruption is inhibited by the Mas receptor agonist AVE0991 through inhibition of epithelial apoptosis. These results reveal a novel potential drug for BPD and pulmonary edema treatment.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"21 1","pages":"58-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89118603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Activation of mas restores hyperoxia-induced loss of lung epithelial barrier function through inhibition of apoptosis.","authors":"Amal Abdul-Hafez,&nbsp;Tarek Mohamed,&nbsp;Bruce D Uhal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neonatal therapy with a high concentration of oxygen (hyperoxia) is a known cause of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). BPD is characterized by increased pulmonary permeability and diffuse infiltration of various inflammatory cells. Disruption of the epithelial barrier may lead to altered pulmonary permeability and airways fluid accumulation. Mas receptor is a component of the renin angiotensin system and is the receptor for the protective endogenous peptide angiotensin 1-7. The activation of the Mas receptor was previously shown to have protective pulmonary responses. However, the effect of Mas receptor activation on epithelial barrier integrity has not been tested.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effects of hyperoxia with or without Mas receptor activation on epithelial cell barrier integrity.</p><p><strong>Design/methods: </strong>Human epithelial cell line A549 was cultured on transwell polycarbonate porous membrane to confluence and treated with 95% oxygen (hyperoxia) for 72 hours with or without the Mas receptor agonist (AVE0991), or the apoptotic inhibitors Z-VAD-FMK or aurintricarboxylic acid. The cells were then challenged with Rhodamine labeled bovine serum albumin (Rh-BSA) on one side of the membrane. Fluorescent quantitation of Rh-BSA (albumin flux) was performed on the media in the other side of the membrane 3 hours later and was compared with 21% oxygen (Normoxia) control group. A549 cells were also cultured with or without AVE0991 in hyperoxia or normoxia and used for nuclear fragmentation apoptosis assay using propidium iodide staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hyperoxia induced an increase in albumin flux that was significantly prevented by AVE0991 treatment and by the apoptosis inhibitors. AVE0991 also significantly decreased the hyperoxia-induced nuclear fragmentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that hyperoxia causes a disruption in the epithelial barrier integrity, and that this disruption is inhibited by the Mas receptor agonist AVE0991 through inhibition of epithelial apoptosis. These results reveal a novel potential drug for BPD and pulmonary edema treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"6 3","pages":"58-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7338093/pdf/nihms-1043743.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38124835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presentation the new surgicaly approach in the treatment of pediatric lung hydatid disease non–captonage procedure without closure of the communication bronchial opening","authors":"K. K, Mehic B, Guska S","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00197","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Treatment of pediatric lung hydatid disease is primarily surgical, and any suspicion on hydatid lung disease justified indication for surgical intervention. The aim of our research is to investigate efficacy and safety of treatment of residual cavity by \"non-capitonage\" method, without closure of communicating bronchial opening compared to the classic \"capitonage\" method with closure of communicating bronchial opening. Patients and Methods: The study included 80 patients of both sexes under aged 18 years, who were surgically treated at the Clinic for Child Surgery and the Department of Thoracic Surgery, Clinical Center University in Sarajevo (KCUS) and Childrens Surgical Clinic of the Institute of Children's Diseases, Clinical Center of Montenegro in Podgorica due to pulmonary echinococcosis, based on clearly defined criteria for inclusion and exclusion from the study. 40 patients (group A) were subjected to non-capitonnage treatment of residual cavity that remained after the removal of parasites and partial pericystectomy without closure of orificium of bronchial opening. The control group consisted of 40 patients who had done narrowing of residual pericystic cavity with closure of bronchial opening. This is a multicenter, open-targeted clinical comparative study of safety of surgery procedures and intraoperative findings. Important aspects of these procedures being assessed included: the duration of the surgical procedure, the amount of administered blood products, drainage length, the amount of secretion, duration of drainage fistula, the time required for reexpansion of lungs, and variables of complications (such as : occurrence of empyema, atelectasis, postoperative fever, postoperative wound infection). Postoperative effectiveness (efficacy) was measured by a record of length of stay in the intensive care unit and hospital stay, as well as radiological findings of the subjects lungs six months after surgery. Results: In the control group we observed that the overall time of surgery was longer compared to the study group. Man-Vitni’s U test confirmed a statistically significant difference between the results of the test and control groups, U = 285.50, z = 4.957, p = 0.0001. Additionally, we observed a slightly larger amount of fluid drained in the control group vs. the study group. Man-Vitni’s U test revealed a statistically significant difference in the amount of drained fluid between the study and control groups, U = 325.50, z = 4.583, p = 0.0001. In the study group there were no cases of postoperative pulmonary atelectasis, while in the control group were 16 (40.0%) patients with documented atelectasis. Mean time to reexpansion of the lung using the control radiological findings was 11 days in the study group (Md = 11.000 days, n = 40) vs. 16 days in the control group of patients (MD = 16.000 days, n = 40) . We also observed that the control group of subjects had significantly longer time in the intensive care unit compared ","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84778295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PM2.5, PM2.5-related air pollutants, health hazards and impacts on respiratory and cardiovascular disorders and diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"A. Cheepsattayakorn, R. Cheepsattayakorn","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2019.06.00205","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to perform a critical review, exploration, and strong summary of the relationships between personal and ambient concentrations of mainly particulate matter with diameter of 2.5µm or less with the measures of cardiopulmonary health. A comprehensive search was carried out in mainstream bibliographic databases or Medical Subject Headings, including Scien Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science. The search was applied to the articles that were published between 2017 and early 2019. Needed article information was extracted from each article by: direct information including journal (research article, review article, meeting abstract, conference abstract, correspondence, author index, editorial board meeting abstract, discussion), book chapter, title, authors, abstract, full text documents of candidate studies, publishing year. Study period, Research (study) method used, types of air pollutants variables studied; Types of organ system disorder or disease studied The conclusions made about the health hazards, impacts on humans or animal models, novel therapeutics, and economic loss. With strict literature search and screening processes, it yielded 140 articles (2017=45; 2018=61; and early 2019=34 articles) from 3,968 articles of initial literature database (1952-early 2019). The main compositions of air pollutants are PM, particularly PM2.5 and PM10, O3, CO, SO2, and NOx. Exposure to O3 is frequently associated with respiratory tract inflammation, whereas exposure to PM, CO, No2, and SO2 is related to pulmonary edema, respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations, and cardiopulmonary mortality. Any compromise to endothelial cells, the key components of lung barrier integrity contributes to vascular leakage and inflammation. Endothelial cells could be the target of PM exposure. The various effects on various disease entities contribute to hypothesize that Melatonin might protect the lung integrity against PM2.5-induced acute lung injury. Bufei Huoxue (BFHX) could reduce secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and collagen fibers deposition in lung, thus, improved pulmonary function. In conclusion, identification of various crucial signaling pathway involving PM-induced cardiopulmonary disorders and diseases may assist in the development of effective therapeutics, including clean energy use, clean industrialization, proper agriculture, high land use diversity, and proper urbanization for reduction of the air pollution.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80435812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review study on pneumococcal pneumonia and its association with global mortality and morbidity","authors":"Mohammed Alsaleh, Mohammed Aljeshi, Yazid A Alghamdi, Abdulaziz Althumair, Ali Alghareeb, Saleh Aldeailj, Hussain Alsadah, S. Mohiuddin","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00190","url":null,"abstract":"2,500 years ago, stated by Hippocrates [460BC–370BC]1 “When pneumonia is at its height, the case is beyond remedy if he is not purged.” In Pre-antibiotic era “Pneumonia has become captain of the men of death.” Stated by Dr. William Osler, the founder of modern medicine In 1928: The Greatest Discovery in the Medical Field took place by the discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming and the subsequent widespread use of antibiotics, penicillin revolutionized the treatment of patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, which previously had been limited to watchful waiting. Today availability of vaccination reduced the frequency of pneumonia. Many diagnostic methods and procedures are used. Despite all the advances, pneumonia remains a huge issue. Even after the introduction of fist-generation antibiotics, the mortality rate for pneumonia has not changed noticeably in the last 50 years.1","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78611571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemioclinical, etiological and evolutionary aspects of neoplastic pleurisy in the pneumo-phtisiology department of the University Hospital Sylvanus Olympio of Lomé (Togo)","authors":"Kuire Marcel","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00189","url":null,"abstract":"Neoplastic pleurisy (NP) is defined by the presence of tumor cells in the pleural fluid or pleural tissue.1 They are due either to a primary lesion of the pleura (mesothelioma) or to a secondary location of a bronchopulmonary or extrathoracic tumor. In sub-Saharan Africa, with better explorations (pleural biopsy) in the case of exudative pleurisy and histopathological examination of pleural fragments, we have been witnessing an increase in the proportion of cancer etiologies in recent years.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74711221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchial foreign body-presentation of a case","authors":"Dulvis Amanda Almeida Arias, William Mauricio Lopez Andino, Rene Elejalde Angel Larrinaga, K. Ramirez Fajardo","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00187","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"6 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72396882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffuse lung disease caused by cotton dust exposure","authors":"B. Menon, P. Mrigpuri, M. Tiwari, P. Raj","doi":"10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jlprr.2018.05.00188","url":null,"abstract":"In India, 20million workers are involved in the manufacturing of textiles.1 Byssinosis is caused by the inhalation of cotton, jute, flax and hemp fibers. It is a type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Byssinosis is characterized by acute breathlessness, cough, and wheeze, typically on Monday mornings following a weekend away from the workplace; symptoms decrease during the work week despite continued exposure. The prevalence and severity of symptoms and functional impairment are proportional to the duration and intensity of exposure.2 Although the pathogenesis of Byssinosis is unclear, the disorder shares some features with hypersensitivity pneumonitis: Both frequently occur after exposure to dust, and affected patients improve rapidly without therapy.2,3 There have been only a few reports of pulmonary fibrosis and pneumoconiosis due to cotton dust.4","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81934365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraquat poisoning and the lung pathology; vascular injury leading to thrombotic microangiopathy is the primary pathological event","authors":"H. Daisley, A. Rampersad, O. Acco, D. Meyers","doi":"10.15406/JLPRR.2018.05.00185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JLPRR.2018.05.00185","url":null,"abstract":"Paraquat is an agent that is used in suicide in many agricultural societies.1‒3 Its ingestion is almost always fatal. Respiratory failure plays a significant role in the demise of these victims as pulmonary fibrosis ultimately occurs. The literature abounds with theories as to the pathogenesis of paraquat toxicity, most of which focuses on the inflammatory infiltrates and the pneumocytes’ response in the lung in paraquat poisoning. As a result immunosuppressive and anti-fibrosis therapies have been tailored against these latter pathophysiological mechanisms,4,5 needless to say these therapies have been met with little success.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84031282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report-a subcutaneous sarcoidosis mimicking tumour","authors":"P. Kumar, S. Basu","doi":"10.15406/JLPRR.2018.05.00186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/JLPRR.2018.05.00186","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown aetiology that affects individuals worldwide and is characterized pathologically by the presence of non-caseating granulomas in involved organs and tissues.1 Jonathan Hutchinson described the first case in 1869.2 It involves skin, lung, lymph nodes, eyes, joints, brain, kidneys, and heart. Skin involvement is the second most following pulmonary sarcoidosis. Nodular Muscle involvement in sarcoidosis was first reported by Licharew in 1908. 25% patients of sarcoidosis presents with cutaneous lesions, it varies in morphologies, including papules, nodules, plaques, and infiltrated scars3 versus subcutaneous sarcoidosis occurs in 1.4 to 6 % patients of systemic sarcoidosis. Subcutaneous sarcoidosis affects women commonly, in their fifth and sixth decades. Lesions could be multiple, bilateral, asymmetrical, asymptomatic hard indurate mobile subcutaneous nodule/nodules located in upper extremities, commonly involves forearm, without any changes in overlying epidermis.4 Nodular muscular sarcoidosis often mimics a tumour .To rule out this confusion MRI and muscle biopsy are useful investigations.5,6 Biopsy and histopathological examination is the gold standard method of diagnosis which shows “naked” granuloma formation which has sparse lymphocytes at margin with epithelioid cells with little or no necrosis. Diagnosis is confirmed after ruling out differentials which cause granulomatous lesion.7 Initial treatment option is steroid. Immunosuppressive agents have been used in corticosteroid resistant form.8 Here, we report the case of asymptomatic nodular sarcoidosis with pulmonary involvement showing bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and small pulmonary nodules on imaging which was initially thought to be fibro-sarcoma.","PeriodicalId":91750,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung, pulmonary & respiratory research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89960062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}