Journal of hypertension and management最新文献

{"title":"New Pharmacologic Therapy for Hypertension in Pregnancy","authors":"Byrne Tj","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510041","url":null,"abstract":"This project is a thorough exploration of the biochemical and molecular signaling involved in preeclampsia and hypertension in pregnancy. It includes a detailed and documented review of the literature which is used to develop insight into future potential pharmacologic treatments for this complex disorder. There has been virtually no change for three decades in the treatment of hypertension in pregnancy and it’s many namesakes: Pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, superimposed preeclampsia, gestosis, etc. all of which shall be referred to in the rest of this article as PIH. In part this is because of an incomplete understanding of its physiology and pathophysiology, partly because the only widely accepted treatment, labetalol, does not work well and causes fetal growth restriction. This is a short review of what we know about PIH and normal placental physiology, what we surmise about the disease process and possible future pharmacologic interventions based on this knowledge, as well as new methods of determining fetal in utero health. Review ARTicle *Corresponding author: Byrne TJ, Maternal Fetal Medicine, Harlem Hospital, 506 Lenox Avenue, New York, NY 10037, USA Maternal Fetal Medicine, Harlem Hospital, USA iform mole is PIH, usually before the 20 weeks of pregnancy described to satisfy the usual definition of PIH. It must require the presence of at least partially intact placental villi. Patients who have choriocarcinoma in which there are both syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts but not placental villi, do not develop PIH even with advanced disease [3]. It seems logical that, since the presence of at least partially intact placental villi is required for PIH, there must be some communication between cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts as well as possibly fibroblasts in villi, and that the development of hypoxia in one or more layers leads to the development of clinical PIH. It may be however that there is simply not enough tissue volume or endothelial surface area in choriocarcinoma generating enough signals to produce PIH even in patients with advanced disease. Hypertension develops during pregnancy in several situations which may help elucidate a causation and may help us to treat patients before the final pathophysiologic pathway(s) have been elucidated. Patients with endothelial dysfunction such as lupus especially with active disease and antiphospholipid syndromes also have a predilection for later PIH [4,5]. Patients with endothelial dysfunction not involving excessive clotting such as von Willebrands disease do not have a predilection for developing PIH [6,7]. Hypercoaguability, by itself, apparently does not seem to predispose to PIH [8,9]. So the endothelial dysfunction or, more appropriately overactivity, which has been documented in both lupus and antiphospholipid syndrome is probably the cause of predilection to PIH. Patients with a placental infection such as syphilis or malaria also have an increased PIH incidenc","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42923217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Nutraceuticals in the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Alves Quiara Lovatti, Camargo Samuel Barbosa, Silva DarÍzy Flávia","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510037","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hypertension is the most prevalent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart disease, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stoke, end-stage renal disease and erectile dysfunction. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and although their etiology were multifactorial, eating habits have been associated with its development. There has been a great deal of interest in studies associating the beneficial effects of food with prevention and treatment of many diseases. Prevention and treatment of diseases can be provided by nutraceuticals, which are defined as foods or part of food that provides health benefits, as well as by isolated nutrients and dietary supplements. Methodology: Narrative review of literature. The search for the articles was done in the databases PubMed, Cochrane, Virtual Health Library and academic google, without language restriction or period of publication. The descriptors used in the search strategy were: nutraceuticals, diet, treatment, clinical trials, cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. In addition to these, the terms “flavonoids”, “vitamins”, “lycopene” and “garlic” were used. Objective: In this review, we discuss if there are benefits in the use of nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and its relationship with risk reduction and maintenance of physical and mental well-being. Results and conclusions: Vitamins, garlic, lycopene and tomato have already been shown to be able to reduce the blood pressure and prevent or delay cardiovascular diseases; however, further studies are needed to confirm their effects, especially with respect to supplementation in humans.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47208190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactate Dehydrogenase in Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy: Severity or Diagnosis Marker?","authors":"F. Vazquez-Alaniz, J. Salas-Pacheco, Ada A. Sandoval-Carrillo, Osmel La-Llave-León, E. Hernández, M. Barraza-Salas, Eda Guadalupe Ramírez Valles, Norma Urtiz-Estrada, M. Marquez, Jose Miguel Montes-Herrera, C. Sánchez-Bernal","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510040","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lactate dehydrogenase has had an exciting journey as a utility marker in different illnesses, but currently, its clinical utility has been relegated to confirm hemolysis, as a tumor marker, and as a diagnostic biomarker of preeclampsia. The findings of lactate dehydrogenase concentrations taking reference values to healthy persons are not consistent when these are related to hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, mainly to begin symptoms or little severity presentation. The goal in this work was to evaluate the maternal serum concentration of lactate dehydrogenase and its utility as a severity or diagnosis marker for hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. Methods: In this retrospective study, we included 5,558 cases of HDP and 800 healthy pregnancies. HDP classification and LD values were collected from the medical records in the paper chart. Results: The prevalence of HDP in our hospital was approximately 6.4 ± 0.1%. We found a tendency toward increases in median LD concentrations with the increasing severity of HDP and found a positive correlation (p = 0.037) or error probability of 0.037% between LD concentrations and severity of HDP in Mexican pregnant women. Conclusion: Serum LD concentration in HDP is a marker of severity, diagnosis and adverse maternal outcomes.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41670115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutraceuticals with Blood Pressure Lowering Potential: A Summary of Clinically Relevant Information","authors":"L. Kate, P. David, F. Michael, S. Yasina, A. Faisal","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510038","url":null,"abstract":"Nearly half of patients diagnosed with hypertension are unable to keep their blood pressure under control despite pharmacologic intervention, indicating a need for adjunctive anti-hypertensive therapies [1]. Nutraceuticals may be a promising option for intervention due to their ease of implementation and demonstrated efficacy [2-4]. The use of nutraceuticals clinically has thus far been limited by a lack of guidelines, likely stemming from a history of poor regulatory standards that allow supplements to go on the market before rigorous clinical trials are conducted [5]. Recently, research examining nutraceutical use has begun to catch up with the marketplace, which may allow for clinical use of supplements from reputable companies, such as those approved by third party companies such as National Science Foundation (NSF) International [5]. The following review aims to facilitate the translation of research into clinical application by summarizing the current knowledge on nutraceuticals used as anti-hypertensives. Web-based guidelines from the American Association of Family Physicians (AAFP), American Heart Association (AHA), American Stroke Association, American College of Cardiology (ACC), National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, European Cardiology Society, the Canadian Heart and Stroke Foundation, and the Mayo Clinic were examined. Nutraceuticals recommended by two or more of these organizations were reviewed, including garlic, fish oil, and cocoa. Specific details on dosage, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse effects, and drug-herb interactions are discussed in order to summarize clinically relevant information.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43705502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"It is Possible that there is a Phenotype of the Metabolic Syndrome in Infants","authors":"Palacios Fernando Aguirre","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510039","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: Palacios FA (2019) It is Possible that there is a Phenotype of the Metabolic Syndrome in Infants. J Hypertens Manag 5:039. doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510039 Accepted: May 13, 2019: Published: May 15, 2019 Copyright: © 2019 Palacios FA. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46567789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Sprint Trial Blood Pressure Methodology Versus Common Office Practice","authors":"Pervez Adeel, K. Richard","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510033","url":null,"abstract":"The SPRINT trial was a landmark study and appeared to set new aggressive goals for the treatment of hypertension. It relied upon an average of multiple blood pressure measurements taken with an automated blood pressure cuff with a noted cool-down period beforehand. Our study was designed to see if the values obtained in common office practice differed from the so called “research grade” numbers achieved in the SPRINT trial. To accomplish this, we had participants screened with a manual cuff pressure per normal clinic protocols. Their blood pressure was then assessed in a more structured method incorporating rest periods between successive measurements with an automatic cuff. The results showed that for mean-automatic--to-manual BP, a statistically significant difference was found for systolic differences (t = 3.992, df 51, p < 0.001). At the same time, neither the first-automatic-to-mean automatic BP matched pair differences were found to be statistically significant for either systolic (t = 0.167, df 51, p = 0.868) or diastolic (t = 0.235, df 51, p = 0.815) BP reading differences. We believe that applying the goals of the SPRINT trial within the context of manually obtained blood pressures will lead to discrepancies for clinicians. At the very least, a rest period with an undisturbed environment should be sought when taking blood pressures.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48386644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nigerian Citrullus Lanatus Fruit and Seed Juice Reduces Cardiovascular Diseases Modifiable Risk Biomarkers in Normal Experimental Rats","authors":"I. Aminu, Babaye Hadiza, Ya'u Murtala, Babagana Kamaluddeen, Abubakar Salisu Maiwada, A. Mashi, B. Abba","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510036","url":null,"abstract":"Dyslipidemia and imbalance of electrolytes are among the modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) which cause morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. Consumption of fruits and their juices has been shown to be beneficial health wise by lowering risk of coronary artery/cardiovascular diseases, stroke and other degenerative diseases. The lowering effects and protective mechanism of these fruits are probably due to numerous beneficial nutrients and extra-nutrients found in these fruits, such as monoand poly-unsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant vitamins, secondary plant products, digestive fiber, mineral elements (such as calcium and magnesium), plant proteins and peptides. This preliminary study is aimed at determining the effect of Citrullus lanatus fruit and seed juice on some cardiac enzymes, lipid profile, and electrolytes in normal albino rats. Twenty rats were divided into four groups of five each; a control and three experimental groups. The three experimental groups were given respectively, the doses of 1.7 g, 3.4 g, and 6.8 g per kg of body weight daily for 14 days. Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Creatine kinase (CK), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL-C), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C), potassium and sodium were determined. The results showed significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the levels of Creatine kinase between the test groups (3.4 g/kg and 6.8 g/ kg), triglycerides and LDL-C between the test groups (1.7 g/ kg and 6.8 g/kg) and also sodium between the test groups (1.7 g/kg and the other two 3.4 g/kg and 6.8 g/kg). Also, significant increase (P < 0.05) was observed in LDH levels between the test groups (3.4 g/kg and 6.8 g/kg), triglycerides levels between the control and test groups (1.7 g/kg and 3.4 g/kg), LDL-C levels between the control and test group (1.7 g/ kg) and sodium levels between the control and the test group (1.7 g/kg). Serum AST, TC, HDL-C and potassium levels were not affected significantly. The significant decreases in CK, TG, LDL-C, and sodium, suggest that consumption of extract from a blend of seed and pulp of Citrullus lanatus fruits may have cardiovascular disease risk decreasing potential at the doses administered.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44540244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral Hemodynamics Analysis by Doppler Ultrasound in Chronically Hypertensive Pregnant Women","authors":"Vale Fa do, S. De, Silva Fc da, Oliveira Ca de, Velarde Lgc","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510032","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To study the arterial blood flow of the carotid and vertebral systems during pregnancy in women with chronic hypertension via Doppler ultrasound and to compare the results with those obtained for normotensive pregnant women. Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: Maternal care tertiary center; RJ Brazil. Population: 68 chronic hypertension pregnant women and 223 normotensive pregnant women. Methods: Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate Doppler velocimetry indices of the common carotid artery, internal carotid artery, and the vertebral artery. We studied the peak systolic velocity (PSV), resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI) and diameter of the arteries. A sample of 68 pregnant women with chronic hypertension was compared to a group of 223 normotensive pregnant women. Main outcome measures: Doppler velocimetry indices. Results: There were no significant differences between the studied parameters for normotensive pregnant women and those of pregnant women with chronic hypertension. Among the variables that influenced arterial blood flow, gestational age was the only variable that was statistically significant, showing an increase in diameter and a decrease in resistance index with advancing gestation. Conclusions: Chronic hypertension does not alter the cerebral hemodynamics of pregnant women. However, protective brain microcirculation effects, such as hypertrophy, were not found in hypertensive pregnant women. The physiological changes of pregnancy may prevent or reverse these protective effects, which may predispose the brain to complications related to an acute increase in blood pressure.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42425273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle and Hypertension: An Evidence-Based Review","authors":"Bruno Cosimo Marcello, Amaradio Maria Domenica, P. Gabriele, Marino Elisa, Bruno Francesca","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510030","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging data suggest that lifestyle habits may affect blood pressure values. In this review, authors examine the more relevant clinical and epidemiological studies about the influence that multiple lifestyle factors play on development of hypertension. They conclude that there is clear evidence that lifestyle changes can have a favorable effect on prevention and treatment of hypertension, with emphasis on alcohol and sodium intake, smoking cessation, physical activity level and dietary pattern. Physicians and Public Health Authorities should encourage positive lifestyle modifications.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44350301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertension: Drug Adherence and Social Factors","authors":"Oliveira Ana Correia de, S. Paulo","doi":"10.23937/2474-3690/1510034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510034","url":null,"abstract":"Citation: de Oliveira AC, Santos P (2018) Hypertension: Drug Adherence and Social Factors. J Hypertens Manag 4:034. doi.org/10.23937/2474-3690/1510034 Accepted: August 02, 2018: Published: August 04, 2018 Copyright: © 2018 de Oliveira AC, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.","PeriodicalId":91747,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hypertension and management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43351208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}