GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000050
Reinier Mutters, Peter Walger, Christoph Lübbert
{"title":"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections: Bacterial gastrointestinal infections.","authors":"Reinier Mutters, Peter Walger, Christoph Lübbert","doi":"10.3205/id000050","DOIUrl":"10.3205/id000050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the fourteenth chapter of the guideline \"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. Bacterial gastrointestinal infections are still the leading cause of death worldwide. The chapter describes the etiology of bacterial gastrointestinal infections in Germany and their frequency. Recommendations are given for the calculated therapy of these infections and for targeted antibiotic therapy for known pathogens. Particular attention is paid to <i>Clostridium difficile</i>. The diagnostic and therapeutic options of antibiotic therapy of the various infection patterns in this pathogen are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc06"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37905719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000061
Hartmut Derendorf, Tobias Heinrichs, Tobias Reimers, Cordula Lebert, Alexander Brinkmann
{"title":"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.","authors":"Hartmut Derendorf, Tobias Heinrichs, Tobias Reimers, Cordula Lebert, Alexander Brinkmann","doi":"10.3205/id000061","DOIUrl":"10.3205/id000061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the third chapter of the guideline \"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. The chapter features the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics properties of the most frequently used antiinfective agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37904557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000054
Mathias G Vossen, Rainer Gattringer, Florian Thalhammer, Matthias Militz, Gunnar Hischebeth
{"title":"Calculated parenteral initial treatment of bacterial infections: Bone and joint infections.","authors":"Mathias G Vossen, Rainer Gattringer, Florian Thalhammer, Matthias Militz, Gunnar Hischebeth","doi":"10.3205/id000054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3205/id000054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the 10<sup>th</sup> chapter of the guideline \"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. This chapter deals with bacterial Infections of bones, joints and prosthetic joints. One of the most pressing points is that after an initial empirical therapy a targeted antimicrobial which penetrates well to the point of infection and is tolerated well over the usually long duration of the therapy is chosen.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37904629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000046
Amanda L Lewis, Nicole M Gilbert
{"title":"Roles of the vagina and the vaginal microbiota in urinary tract infection: evidence from clinical correlations and experimental models.","authors":"Amanda L Lewis, Nicole M Gilbert","doi":"10.3205/id000046","DOIUrl":"10.3205/id000046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mounting evidence indicates that the vagina can harbor uropathogenic bacteria. Here, we consider three roles played by the vagina and its bacterial inhabitants in urinary tract infection (UTI) and urinary health. First, the vagina can serve as a reservoir for <i>Escherichia coli</i>, the most common cause of UTI, and other recognized uropathogens. Second, several vaginal bacterial species are frequently detected upon urine culture but are underappreciated as uropathogens, and other vaginal species are likely under-reported because of their fastidious nature. Third, some vaginal bacteria that are not widely viewed as uropathogens can transit briefly in the urinary tract, cause injury or immunomodulation, and shift the balance of host-pathogen interactions to influence the outcomes of uropathogenesis. This chapter describes the current literature in these three areas and summarizes the impact of the vaginal microbiota on susceptibility to UTI and other urologic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc02"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37905717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000047
Michael Wilke, Claudia Hübner, Wolfgang Kämmerer
{"title":"Calculated parenteral initial treatment of bacterial infections: Economic aspects of antibiotic treatment.","authors":"Michael Wilke, Claudia Hübner, Wolfgang Kämmerer","doi":"10.3205/id000047","DOIUrl":"10.3205/id000047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the seventeenth chapter of the guideline \"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. This chapter analyses economic aspects of antiinfective therapy. Any treatment decision is also a cost decision. In this chapter the authors particularly analyse whether or not there is evidence that certain clinically effective strategies as Antimicrobial Stewardship programs (AMS), guideline adherent initial therapy, early diagnostics, De-escalation, sequence therapy or therapeutic drug monitoring also have benficial economic effects. These can be direct savings or shortening of length of stay to free resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc03"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37905716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000057
Christian Eckmann, Rainer Isenmann, Peter Kujath, Annette Pross, Arne C Rodloff, Franz-Josef Schmitz
{"title":"Calculated parenteral initial treatment of bacterial infections: Intra-abdominal infections.","authors":"Christian Eckmann, Rainer Isenmann, Peter Kujath, Annette Pross, Arne C Rodloff, Franz-Josef Schmitz","doi":"10.3205/id000057","DOIUrl":"10.3205/id000057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the seventh chapter of the guideline \"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. The chapter deals with the empirical and targeted antimicrobial therapy of complicated intra-abdominal infections. It includes recommendations for antibacterial and antifungal treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37904632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000059
Sebastian R Ott, Klaus-Friedrich Bodmann, Béatrice Grabein, Gert Höffken, Martin Kolditz, Hartmut Lode, Mathias W Pletz, Florian Thalhammer
{"title":"Calculated parenteral initial treatment of bacterial infections: Respiratory infections.","authors":"Sebastian R Ott, Klaus-Friedrich Bodmann, Béatrice Grabein, Gert Höffken, Martin Kolditz, Hartmut Lode, Mathias W Pletz, Florian Thalhammer","doi":"10.3205/id000059","DOIUrl":"10.3205/id000059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the fifth chapter of the guideline \"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. It provides recommendations for the empirical and targeted antimicrobial treatment of lower respiratory tract infections, with a special emphasis on the treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD, community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37904554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000049
Peter Walger, Hans Jürgen Heppner
{"title":"Calculated parenteral initial therapy of bacterial infections: Antibiotic treatment in the elderly.","authors":"Peter Walger, Hans Jürgen Heppner","doi":"10.3205/id000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3205/id000049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the fifteenth chapter of the guideline \"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. Multimorbidity, an atypical symptomatology of infections in combination with multimedication, the associated interaction risks and serious consequences of synergistic side effects characterize the conditions when deciding on the use of antibiotics in old age. Strict decision regarding the indication itself, choice of the best antibiotic even considering rare side effects which may be dangerous in the elderly, determining the correct dose, dosing interval and the shortest possible duration according to the physiological status of the patient as well as monitoring effectiveness and toxicity detect expected and unexpected side effects early. Recommendations must reflect the peculiarities of antibiotic treatment in elderly patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc05"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37904625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000051
Pramod M Shah, Reinhard Brodt, Thomas A Wichelhaus, Roland Nau
{"title":"Calculated parenteral initial therapy of bacterial infections: Bacterial meningitis.","authors":"Pramod M Shah, Reinhard Brodt, Thomas A Wichelhaus, Roland Nau","doi":"10.3205/id000051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3205/id000051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the thirteenth chapter of the guideline \"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening infectious disease with high mortality and disability rates requiring prompt initiation of antimicrobial treatment to lower these rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc07"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186794/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37904626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
GMS infectious diseasesPub Date : 2020-03-26eCollection Date: 2020-01-01DOI: 10.3205/id000055
Cord Sunderkötter, Karsten Becker, Christian Eckmann, Wolfgang Graninger, Peter Kujath, Helmut Schöfer
{"title":"Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections: Skin and soft tissue infections.","authors":"Cord Sunderkötter, Karsten Becker, Christian Eckmann, Wolfgang Graninger, Peter Kujath, Helmut Schöfer","doi":"10.3205/id000055","DOIUrl":"10.3205/id000055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is the ninth chapter of the guideline \"Calculated Parenteral Initial Therapy of Adult Bacterial Disorders - Update 2018\" in the 2<sup>nd</sup> updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. The chapter contains the first German S2k guidelines for bacterial skin and soft tissue infections. They encompass recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of the defined entities erysipelas (caused by beta-hämolytic streptococci), limited superficial cellulitis (<i>S. aureus</i>), severe cellulitis, abscess, complicated skin and soft tissue infections, infections of feet in diabetic patients (\"diabetic foot\"), necrotizing soft tissue infection and bite injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":91688,"journal":{"name":"GMS infectious diseases","volume":"8 ","pages":"Doc11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7186924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37904630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}