Journal of neurology and neurobiology最新文献

{"title":"Topographical Distribution of Consecutive Cholinergic Transmission Deficit in Patients Suspected of Dementia Disease","authors":"R. Ekedahl","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.162","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The objective of this study is to evaluate topographical differences for Acetylcholine neurotransmission deficit in suspected dementia patients measured with the electroencephalographic Vigilance-index. In order to find the most sensitive and earliest location of Acetylcholine neurotransmission deficit and find patients benefiting from Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor medication, a well-recognized treatment for suspecting Alzheimer’s and Lewy body dementia. Material and Methods: The Vigilance-index for Electroencephalography (EEG) used in the analyses: average peak power for eyes open/eyes closure reflecting Acetylcholinergic status in four locations; anterior Temporal lobe (T3 and T4), posterior Temporal lobe (T5), Parietal lobe (P3), and Occipital lobe (O1) for 30 patients suspected of dementia compared to 30 healthy individuals. The EEG recording positions according to (10-20 EEG system) covering the anterior Temporal left side and the anterior temporal right side (T4) of Cortex. The Vigilance-index average values for the positions of the suspected dementia patients compared to the control group, evaluated by Student’s t-test. To illustrate differences of Vigilance-index for the recording positions, between baseline and follow-up, diagrams comparing the Vigilance-index for the recording sites constructed for the suspected dementia patients. Results: All recording positions at the baseline showed significant increased average Vigilance-index with p-values (***) compared to the healthy controls, the highest average Vigilance-index for T3 and lowest for O1, at follow-up, the T3 increased most and O1 least. The comparison between the left and right anterior temporal regions (T3 and T4) showed different average Vigilance-index and also different Vigilance-index values for the same patient. Conclusion: For the dementia diseases characterized by Acetylcholine Deficit: Alzheimer’s disease, and Lewy body dementia, Vigilance-index can be used for early detection of these diseases. The Temporal anterior region (T3, T4) was most and earliest detected having a cholinergic deficit and least the Occipital region (O1), both at baseline and follow-up examination.","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67389197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent Components Analysis “Artifact Correction” Distorts EEG Phase in Artifact Free Segments","authors":"Thatcher Rw, Palmero-Soler E, North Dm, Otte G","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.172","url":null,"abstract":"EEG artifact is defined as any electrical potential that is not produced by the brain, e.g., eye movement or head movement or muscle, 50 Hz-60 Hz line noise, etc. The most commonly used method of artifact elimination from an EEG recording is to delete the parts of the EEG recording that contain artifact and thereby leave the artifact free parts of the recording unchanged. Recently, Independent Components Analysis (ICA) has been used to decompose the original EEG into a set of components and then subjectively identify components that statistically load on one or more Independent Components (ICs) and using a smaller set of ICs then replace the original EEG recording with a different time series referred to as the ICA replacement or ICA-R. The purpose of this study is to mathematically and empirically test the distortion of the artifact free parts of the EEG when using ICA-R to replace the entire EEG digital record. The results of Joint-Time-Frequency-Analysis (JTFA) and the FFT spectral analyses demonstrated that ICA-Replacement of the original EEG produced phase distortions at each and every time point of the recording between all channel pairs. In contrast, the standard method of deleting the segments of an EEG recording that contain artifact did not distort the artifact free segments of the EEG recording. Conclusions are that ICA Replacement (ICA-R) is a severe distortion of the phase differences and time differences of the electrophysiology of the human scalp recorded Electroencephalogram (EEG) and invalidates all subsequent analyses that rely upon the imaginary part of the crossspectrum including scalp coherence, phase and network analyses that are dependent on the physics of electrical and magnetic fields.","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67389214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 and Guillain-Barre Syndrome Case Report","authors":"A. Sidig, K. Mohamed Ahmed Abbasher, M. Digna, Mohamed Elsayed, Hussien Abbasher, Mohammed Abbasher, A. Hussien","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.169","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Coronaviruses are a group of related viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds. Guillain-Barre syndrome is a rare disorder in which the body’s immune system attacks peripheral nerves.","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67389205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering Living Matter and the Fever Effect of Global Warming","authors":"S. Berkovich","doi":"10.31031/nrs.2019.01.000525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/nrs.2019.01.000525","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of mechanical energy being produced by the muscles of all animals is so far several times more than the energy from all thermal engines created by humans. But what wonderful, and we have – up to scientists do not understand the essence of the process. Abstract This work explicates the physical basis of the material motions in living systems. Simplistic thinking sticks to an obvious seemingly unyielding scheme: nervous system sends control signals while the energy comes from the food. Such a trivial scheme is on par with robotics systems design supplementing artificial muscles with an extraneous supply of electrical energy. But how in living systems can energy appear immediately at a given place and time in suitable quantities? That comes from the nervous system activities utilizing moving excitations rather than simply sending ordinary electrical signals. In this case, neural signaling actually generates energy employing neural pulses relocations and a new physical resource for energy in association with the Cellular Automaton Universe. Organisms cannot simply generate mechanical work from the heat of the metabolism, as revealed by the so called Exercise Paradox. A Universe without an external influx of energy could not support life and may come to the ultimate equilibrium of the so called “heat death”. Whereas the Physical World with a continual influx of mechanical energy to living mater may be subjected to periodic Global Warming incited by particular changes in Earth’s biomass. In individual organisms a similar effect appears as recurrent fever attacks.","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47505951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Effects of Lower Thoracic Spinal Cord Stimulation on Bowel Management in a Person with Spinal Cord Injury","authors":"A. Dimarco, Robert T. Geertman, Kutaiba Tabbaa, G. Nemunaitis, K. Kowalski","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67389590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midazolam Administration Reduces Leptomeningeal Enhancement in Patients Treated with Flow Diverting Stents","authors":"Yiping Li, C. Funk, D. Simpson, Azam S. Ahmed, Yu Jj","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.155","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Imaging findings of cerebrovascular dysfunction following endovascular therapy have been increasingly reported. Special attention has been given to leptomeningeal abnormalities seen on post-contrast FLAIR (pcFLAIR) imaging as its presence is associated with poorer prognosis following endovascular therapy. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship of various clinical variables on the presence and extent of pcFLAIR abnormalities in patients undergoing elective flow diversion of intracranial aneurysms. Patients and Methods: In a single center retrospective cohort, 80 consecutive patients treated with flow diverting stents who subsequently underwent post-operative MR-imaging within 24 hours of the procedure between July 2012 and November 2017 were identified and included in the study. Patient, aneurysm, and imaging characteristics were collected for review. Analysis of clinical variables on the presence and extent of leptomeningeal abnormalities seen on pcFLAIR imaging was performed. Results: We identified 69 of 80 patients (86%) with leptomeningeal enhancement (LME) on pcFLAIR imaging. In all instances, the distribution of LME matched the ipsilateral side of endovascular intervention. Of the 20 patients who had both pre and pcFLAIR imaging, LME was absent on precontrast imaging and seen exclusively on pcFLAIR in all cases. Complete resolution of LME was seen in 31 of 35 (89%) patients with available followup imaging. No significant association was found between LME and the extent of DWI abnormalities, dose of intra-arterial contrast administration, anesthetic or opioid use, procedural time, time until post-operative MR imaging, renal function, age, or number of stents used during embolization. There is a significant inverse relationship between the presence and extent of LME and the dose of intra-operative midazolam administration used during anesthesia (p=0.018). Conclusion: The majority of patients undergoing flow diversion therapy will develop LME on pcFLAIR imaging. LME is absent on pre-contrast imaging and seen exclusively on pcFLAIR in all cases. LME appears to be a transient finding affecting the vascular territory of intervention but in some cases may take months to completely resolve. There is no direct relationship of LME with lesions on DWI or the timing of MR imaging but there is a statistically significant inverse association of midazolam administration and presence and extent of LME. This study provides new evidence suggesting that midazolam may reduce the presence and extent of LME following neuroendovascular surgery and could have neuroprotective effects.","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67389546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteins are New Molecular Markers When Analyzing Material Structures to Prevent Traumatic Brain Injuries","authors":"H vonHolst, P. Purhonen, D Lanner, Ramakrishnan B. Kumar, H. Hebert","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.154","url":null,"abstract":"Development of new products for the prevention of traumatic brain injuries are mostly based on mechanical investigations. However, there is a demand for new and more sophisticated analyzes focusing on molecular levels to improve protective equipment. Recently we evaluated the mature protein laminin LN521 to find out the consequences to dynamic and semi-static impact and found substantial fragmentation and aggregation of the laminin structures. In the present study the effect of polymer materials used for reducing impacts were evaluated by using two different mechanical methods, denatured electrophoresis and electron microscopy. Thus, following dynamic impacts without and with the polymer materials the results showed a significant reduction of the force as well as the translational acceleration with up to over 50%. Also, in the present laboratory investigation the mature laminin was used following dynamic impact to find out if this molecule can serve as a complementary analyzer to mechanical methods when searching for optimal protective materials. The results showed that the polymer materials had the capacity to save the laminin structures from both fragmentation and aggregation as evaluated with denatured electrophoresis and electron microscopy. Therefore, proteins may complement today ́s calculation simulations and mechanical investigations in the search for improved protective systems to the skull bone and brain tissue. The present result shows that laminin structures may become a valuable method to further identify new structures on a molecular level in the search for improved protective materials to the brain tissue at physical exercise and at accidents.","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67389466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factor Analysis of the DePaul Symptom Questionnaire: Identifying Core Domains.","authors":"Leonard A Jason, Madison Sunnquist, Abigail Brown, Jacob Furst, Marjoe Cid, Jillianna Farietta, Bobby Kot, Craig Bloomer, Laura Nicholson, Yolonda Williams, Rachel Jantke, Julia L Newton, Elin Bolle Strand","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.114","DOIUrl":"10.16966/2379-7150.114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study attempted to identify critical symptom domains of individuals with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Using patient and control samples collected in the United States, Great Britain, and Norway, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to establish the underlying factor structure of ME and CFS symptoms. The EFA suggested a four-factor solution: post-exertional malaise, cognitive dysfunction, sleep difficulties, and a combined factor consisting of neuroendocrine, autonomic, and immune dysfunction symptoms. The use of empirical methods could help better understand the fundamental symptom domains of this illness.</p>","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4830389/pdf/nihms727216.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34312247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Previous Injury and Chronic Pain are Associated with Side of Onset in Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Izel Tekin, A. Vgontzas, M. Lewis, S. Kothari, L. Kong, Yue Lu, K. Vrana, Xuemei Huang","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.109","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms are frequently asymmetric and the factors that influence the side of onset are unclear.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To explore whether peripheral injury and associated chronic limb pain may influence the side of onset.\u0000\u0000\u0000METHODS\u0000We administered a questionnaire to 128 PD patients in a tertiary movement disorder clinic. Handedness, date and type of limb injury(s) and duration of associated pain, and date and side of onset were ascertained.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Sixty-two subjects reported limb injuries prior to the onset of PD symptoms, 30 with and 32 without chronic pain (i.e., ≥ 2 months). There was no association between injury and PD onset side overall (p=0.334). In subjects with chronic pain associated with limb injuries, however, side of injuries was associated with the side of PD symptom onset (p=0.030).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Limb injury with chronic pain may be related to the side of PD symptom onset. Future studies may shed light on the nature of this observation.","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67389456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ischemic Stroke in Women Admitted in a Tertiary Hospital in Burkina Faso","authors":"Dabilgou Aa, Drave A, Kyelem Mja, Nakielce R, N. C., M. A., K. J.","doi":"10.16966/2379-7150.158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16966/2379-7150.158","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of ischemic stroke in Women and to compare vascular risk factors, stroke severity and clinical outcome between patients aged under and older 50 years in a tertiary hospital in Burkina Faso. Methodology: We conducted a cross sectional retrospective study on ischemic stroke in adult female patients (≥15 years) admitted in the neurology department of youth from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2017. Results: During study period, ischemic stroke accounted for 57.6% of all stroke. The mean age of women was of 58.88 (± 17.13) years. About 72.2 % of women was aged over 50 years. Hypertension was the most vascular risk factors (69.7%), followed by dyslipidemia (33.6%) and alcohol consumption (32.7%). Oral contraception pills (8.5%) was the most sex related factors followed by migraine (4.6%) and pregnancy or post-partum state (1.8%). The delay of arrival at emergency department was 4.69 days. At admission, 68% of women had severe neurological deficit (NIHSS ≥ 15). The most common causes of stroke were large vessel disease (37.7%), cardio embolic stroke (20%) and small vessel disease (9.5%). Length of stay was 14.21 days with 15.1% of mortality. Functional outcome at discharge was worse (mRS˃2) in 79.6%of women. After bivariate analysis, hypertension, tobacco use, physical inactivity and diabetes mellitus were most frequent in older women (p=0.0001). Oral contraceptive pill, migraine, HIV and pregnancy were most frequent in young women (p˂0.05). Conclusion: There was a long delay between stroke onset and hospital admission. Hypertension was the most vascular risk factor in older women. The majority of women had severe stroke at admission and worse outcome at discharge.","PeriodicalId":91328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurology and neurobiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67389603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}