International journal of nutrition and metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Dietary patterns and nutritional adequacy among the youth (aged 15-24 years) in Ruaka-Nairobi and The Technical University of Kenya","authors":"W. Catherine, Moyo Mukani, Mwaura Lucy, Muzhingi Tawanda","doi":"10.5897/ijnam2021.0287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijnam2021.0287","url":null,"abstract":"Malnutrition, in all its forms, is a problem of global proportions and requires urgent action. In many parts of the world, most adolescents receive inadequate nutrients needed to meet the body’s daily requirements in terms of quantity, frequency, and quality to survive, grow and develop to their full potential. Food systems are therefore important in addressing problems of malnutrition, food insecurity and diet-related health problems. This study profiled the dietary patterns and nutrient adequacy of youths (aged 15-24 years) in Ruaka and The Technical University of Kenya using demographic questionnaires, food frequency questionnaires and a 24-h recall method. The study found that 17.6% of males and 13.0% of females skip their breakfast at least thrice a week due to too much time spent watching TV at night and waking up very late hence only having morning or afternoon snacks. In addition, many did not consume foods from at least four essential food groups according to the 24-h recall method. Thus, there is a need to educate youths and the society at large about healthy dietary patterns and the need to include at least four essential food groups in their meals in order to gain essential nutrients (both macronutrients and micronutrients) for healthy growth and development.","PeriodicalId":91294,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nutrition and metabolism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43084115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Production and nutritional evaluation of cookies blended from sorghum, cowpea, plantain and sweet potato","authors":"U. M. Fateema, A. Falmata, B. Bintu, M. Raihanatu, Z. Chellube, H. Hauwa, S. Modu, B. Maryam","doi":"10.5897/IJNAM2014.0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJNAM2014.0178","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to produce and evaluate the nutritional quality of cookies formulated from sorghum and fortified with cowpea, plantain and sweet potato. The sorghum and cowpea were subjected to processing technique of sprouting while plantain and sweet potato was peeled oven dried at 45°C. The sorghum variety used was Chakalari white, a low tannin variety, cowpea (Borno red), plantain (unripe) and sweet potato (Yellow variety). Sorghum (60%) was supplemented with legume and tubers at varying proportions: five formulations were made. The parameters assayed include proximate composition, mineral element, in-vitro protein digestibility, vitamin and tannin content, using standard methods. The result showed a significant protein yield for sorghum 60: Cowpea 40 fortification (12.82±0.00) when compared with the control (unprocessed) (5.07±0.00) and the processed samples at (p<0.05). Increases in moisture, crude protein, and crude fiber content in the formulated cookies were observed. Carbohydrate content of the cookies increased as the level of cowpea flour decreased by 10%. The result showed a percentage increase in the in-vitro protein digestibility of processed samples with cowpea having the maximum level (91.90)% at 6 h digestibility. For the mineral element, there was an increase in Ca and K. For the vitamin content a significant increase was observed in the level of vitamin B6 of processed samples and formulated cookies compared to control. The tannin content of processed sample (1.54%) significantly decreased compared to unprocessed sample (control) 2.07%. The sensory evaluation revealed that SSSC and SSDSp were more acceptable than the other ratio blends. It can be concluded that the nutritional quality of the cookies were improved with the addition of cowpea. Sample with sorghum: cowpea (60:40) is a better option for cookies, as it is more superior in nutrient analysis compared to the remaining ratios. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Sorghum, cowpea, plantain, sweet potato, cookies.","PeriodicalId":91294,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nutrition and metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/IJNAM2014.0178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47674069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appropriate complementary feeding practice among mothers of 6-23 months old children in Kedida Gamela district, south Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study","authors":"Derebe Gebreyesus Himbego, L. Hanfore, Samson Kastro Dake","doi":"10.5897/IJNAM2019.0252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJNAM2019.0252","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction of complementary foods to infants is a common practice. However, according to recommended infant and young child feeding protocol the timing of introduction, frequency of feeding and the quality of diet are not appropriate. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the magnitude and identify the predictors of appropriate complementary feeding practice among mothers of children 6-23 months of age in Kedida Gamela district, southern Ethiopia. A community based cross sectional study was conducted among mothers of children aged 6-23 months on March 2017. A total of 777 randomly selected mothers/caregivers paired with their children aged 6-23 months were interviewed by trained nurses. Data were entered, cleaned and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analyses were done for main variables. Exposures with p-value less than 0.25 on bivariate analysis were taken for multivariate analysis. Statistical significance was declared at p<0.05 and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was reported. The proportion of appropriate complementary feeding was 21% in the study area. Maternal age 18-24 years [AOR=4.01,95% CI (1.78, 9.04)], mothers with children 6-11 months of age [AOR=2.88, 95% CI (1.68, 4.94)] and 12-23 months of age [AOR=2.67, 95% CI (1.61, 4.45)], mothers who attended postnatal care follow up [AOR=2.14, 95% CI (1.14, 4.02)], and living in a food secure household [AOR=2.23, 95% CI (1.30, 3.82)] were the factors associated with appropriate complementary feeding practice. Mothers in the age range of 18-24 years, mothers having children of 6-11 months and 12-23 months of age, attending postnatal care follow up and living in a food secure household were the predictors of appropriate complementary feeding practice. Mothers should be encouraged to attend postnatal care follow up and income generating activity should be made to assure household food security status to prevent economical vulnerability of households. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Complementary feeding, children, 6-23 months.","PeriodicalId":91294,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nutrition and metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/IJNAM2019.0252","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45367059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of vitamin C against theobromine induced hepatorenal and cardio toxicity in male albino Wistar rats","authors":"U. Bassey, E. Akpanyung, D. U. Nwaokonko, Burch Takim Ndifon","doi":"10.5897/IJNAM2018.0246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJNAM2018.0246","url":null,"abstract":"The protective effect of vitamin C against theobromine induced toxicity in male albino Wistar rats was investigated. Twenty-five (25) male Wistar rats weighing between 140 – 160 g were divided into 5 groups with 5 rats in each group. Group 1 served as the control. Group 2 received 700 mg/kg body weight of theobromine daily for 4 days. Group 3 was administered 100 mg/kg body weight of Vitamin C daily for 21 days. Group 4 was intoxicated with 700 mg/kg of theobromine daily for 4 days before treatment with 100 mg/kg of Vitamin C for 21 days while Group 5 received 700 mg/kg of theobromine daily for 4 days and was allowed to recover naturally for 21 days. Biochemical indices of liver, kidney function and lipid profile were assayed using serum. The liver, kidney and heart tissues were used for histological studies. Significant increase (p<0.05) in serum enzyme activities and concentrations of urea, creatinine, total and LDL cholesterol as well as decreased HDL cholesterol concentration were observed in Group 2 compared to the control. Treatment with Vitamin C in Groups 3 and 4 significantly decreased (p<0.05) the activities of the serum enzymes, concentrations of urea, creatinine, total and LDL cholesterol while the concentration of HDL cholesterol was significantly increased when compared to Group 2. Histological evaluation of the liver, kidney and heart sections revealed degenerated cytoarchitecture and inflammation of these tissues following theobromine intoxication. However, the toxic features were observed to resolve in Group 4 when vitamin C was administered while cytoarchitectural degeneration persisted in Group 5. In conclusion, theobromine induced liver, kidney and cardio toxicity with negative modulation of lipid profile while vitamin C ameliorated the toxic effect of theobromine in albino Wistar rats. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Vitamin C, theobromine, liver function, kidney function, lipid profile, cardiotoxicity.","PeriodicalId":91294,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nutrition and metabolism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/IJNAM2018.0246","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43319269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute glycemic level and its association with physical activity recommendation among type 2 diabetic patients in Illubabor zone oromiya, Ethiopia","authors":"Beakal Zinab, Rukiya Debalke","doi":"10.5897/ijnam2018.0245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijnam2018.0245","url":null,"abstract":"Poor and inadequate glycemic control among patients with Type 2 diabetes constitutes a major public health problem and major risk factor for development of diabetes complications. In clinical practice, optimal glycemic control is difficult to obtain because the reasons for poor glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes are complex. This study aims to determine Acute glycemic level and its association with physical activity recommendations adherence among type 2 diabetic patients in Illubabor zone southwest, Ethiopia. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 19 to May 19, 2018. Among 422 diabetic patients attending regular follow up at government health facilities in illuababor zone, southwest Ethiopia, participants were selected using systematic random sampling method.Data were collected using interview administered semi structured questionnaires; FBS was used to determine patient’s glycemic control level. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the independent predictor’s of diabetic patient’s Acute glycemic control level. In the current, study nearly two third (64.5%) of respondents had poor (inadequate) Acute glycemic control. While 51.8 and 38% of participants were non adherence to dietary and physical activity recommendations respectively. Patients Acute  glycemic control was significantly affected by patients occupational status [AOR=0.39 (0.22-0.68)], family history of DM [AOR=0.34 (0.18-0.62)], presence of co-morbidities [AOR= 3.72(1.39-9.94)], and physical activity adherence [AOR=0.46 (0.28-0.75)]. High proportion of diabetic patients had poor Acute glycemic control. Patient’s occupational status, family history of DM, presence of co morbidities, physical activity adherence was an independent predictors of diabetic patient’s Acute glycemic control. Early identification and management of co-morbidities and delivery of focused health information physical activity recommendations should be strengthened. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Adherence, diabetic, glycemic level, Illuababor.","PeriodicalId":91294,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nutrition and metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/ijnam2018.0245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44765954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with nutritional status among lactating mothers at Shashemene Woreda, West Arsi Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study","authors":"B. Duko, Melese Gebrie, Dejene Hailu","doi":"10.5897/IJNAM2018.0243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/IJNAM2018.0243","url":null,"abstract":"Inadequate nutritional intake prior to pregnancy, during pregnancy and lactation process increases postnatal nutritional stresses and health risk of the mother resulting in a high maternal mortality. The aim of this study was to compare nutritional status and associated factors of urban  and  rural  lactating  women  from  Shashemene  Woreda,  West  Arsi  Zone  of  Oromia, Ethiopia. A community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 484 randomly selected lactating mothers from six kebeles. Anthropometric measurements were taken from each mother using calibrated equipment and standardized techniques. A 24 hr dietary intake was also collected from randomly selected sub sample (n=48) of mothers. The energy and nutrient content of foods consumed by the mothers was calculated using Ethiopian food composition and world food tables. Logistic regression model, independent t-test analyses and chi-square test were used to see the mean difference in nutrient intake and nutritional status among lactating mothers. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 on multiple variable logistic regressions were taken as significant variables. The prevalence of under-nutrition (MUAC<23 cm) among lactating mothers was higher in rural than urban communities with observed statistical significant difference (X2=12.5, p ≤ 0.001), but they are comparable in other indices. Residence of lactating women [AOR=2.54, 95% CI (1.5, 4.31)] and age of breast fed child [AOR=0.46, 95% CI (0.28, 0.78)] were significantly associated with nutritional status of lactating mothers. Having breast feeding child was significantly associated with nutritional status (BMI) of lactating mothers [AOR=0.37, 95% CI (0.17, 0.81)]. Feeding practices in urban study subjects had better feeding practices than that of rural areas (X2 = 25.0, p-value ≤ 0.001). It was not sufficient to attain their increased energy and nutrient requirements, which is worse among rural than urban study subject. Therefore, improvements of health and nutrition are recommended to lactating mother on increased food intake, proper dietary practices, and dietary diversity during lactation. \u0000 \u0000 Key words: Lactating women, nutritional status, dietary diversity, feeding practice.","PeriodicalId":91294,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nutrition and metabolism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/IJNAM2018.0243","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48768764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wearable nutrition and dietetics technology on health nutrition paradigm shift in low and middle income countries","authors":"Yonkeu Ngogang Jeanne, T. Ernest","doi":"10.5897/ijnam2016.0207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ijnam2016.0207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91294,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nutrition and metabolism","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/ijnam2016.0207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71126853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid, amino acid, mineral and antioxidant contents of acha (<i>Digitaria exilis</i>) grown on the Jos Plateau, Nigeria.","authors":"Robert H Glew, Emmanuel P Laabes, Jack M Presley, John Schulze, Ronnee Andrews, Yuan-Chen Wang, Yu-Chen Chang, Lu-Te Chuang","doi":"10.5897/IJNAM13.0137","DOIUrl":"10.5897/IJNAM13.0137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Digitaria exilis</i> (Kippist) Stapf (also known as acha, hungry rice) has been cultivated for millennia in the dry savannahs of West Africa, but much remains to be learned about its nutritional properties. Acha was collected in four villages in Northern Nigeria and analyzed for fatty acids, minerals, amino acids and antioxidant content. Fatty acids accounted for 1.91% of the dry weight, with 47.4% linoleic acid and 30.5% oleic acid. The content of the essential minerals, copper, magnesium, molybdenum, zinc and calcium averaged 4.88, 1060, 0.23, 23.0 and 172 μg/g, respectively. The protein content was 6.53% and the essential amino acid pattern, except for lysine, compared favorably to a World Health Organization (WHO) reference protein. The total polyphenolic content of methanolic extracts of acha matched that of common cereals (for example, maize, rice, wheat) and the extracts contained substantial amounts of free-radical scavenging substances. Thus, acha is a source of many nutrients critical to human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":91294,"journal":{"name":"International journal of nutrition and metabolism","volume":"5 1 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4666555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71126813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}