Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale最新文献_第10页

Cultural selection and human food preferences 文化选择和人类的食物偏好

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2019-06-01 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2019.7641

Ani Bajrami

引用次数: 0

Primo simposio di biologia sperimentale applicata al mare e all’ambiente | Trapani, Italy, 24-25 maggio 2019 应用实验生物学和环境的第一次专题讨论会|电钻,意大利,2019年5月24日至25日

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2019-05-24 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2019.8302

F. Venturella, Anastasia Valentina Liga, B. Teresa, Maria Angela De Luca, Francesca Elisabetta Faranda

引用次数: 0

Safety evaluation and analgesic studies of defatted methanol extract of Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) fruits and roots bark in albino wistar rats 白化wistar大鼠用caparis spinosa L. (caparidaceae)果实及根皮脱脂甲醇提取物的安全性评价及镇痛研究

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2019-03-18 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2019.7456

Asma Meddour, M. Yahia, L. Hambaba

{"title":"Safety evaluation and analgesic studies of defatted methanol extract of Capparis spinosa L. (Capparidaceae) fruits and roots bark in albino wistar rats","authors":"Asma Meddour, M. Yahia, L. Hambaba","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2019.7456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2019.7456","url":null,"abstract":"Capparis spinosa L. is an indigenous plant from Algeria but has widespread distribution in Mediterranean area. It is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases by the local populations. The purpose of this study is to test toxicity and analgesic effect of defatted methanol extract of fruits and roots bark of this plant in albino Wistar rats. To evaluate the acute toxicity, 500-5000 mg/kg body weight of each extract was administered orally to rats; symptoms of toxicity and mortality were observed for 72 h. The results revealed the absence of toxicity for both extracts. In subchronic toxicity, rats were treated, with doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg/day of each extract, they were surveyed for four weeks, no symptoms of toxicity were observed. These results were confirmed by the blood biochemical analyses and the histopathology study of liver and kidney. Peripheral analgesic activity was tested orally at the dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg for each extract against pain induced by acetic acid. The dose of 200 mg/kg of both extracts presented significant analgesic effect, compared to the positive control; the acetylsalicylic acid.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91346622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Short-term physiological responses to drought stress in seedling of tropical and temperate maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars 热带和温带玉米品种幼苗对干旱胁迫的短期生理响应

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2019-03-08 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2019.8015

P. Zhao, Jin Wang, N. Juntawong, C. Aekatasanawan, P. Kermanee, S. Roytrakul, Yinsuo Jia, Chunhong Ma

{"title":"Short-term physiological responses to drought stress in seedling of tropical and temperate maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars","authors":"P. Zhao, Jin Wang, N. Juntawong, C. Aekatasanawan, P. Kermanee, S. Roytrakul, Yinsuo Jia, Chunhong Ma","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2019.8015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2019.8015","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding of the response of tropical and temperate maize (Zea mays L.) to drought is the first step for tolerant temperate maize improvement. Eight maize hybrids were used to investigate physiology responses under drought stress, four of them were tropical maize and the others were temperate maize. Results showed that there were different drought tolerances but similar trends in both tropical maize and temperate maize. Gas exchange parameters revealed different strategies of maize under the stress. In our study, most of the temperate hybrids maintained open stomata to keep a higher photosynthesis rate at the beginning of stress, while the other hybrids decreased stomatal conductance. Compared to temperate maize, the tropical maize had higher antioxidase activity and greater physiological parameter variation among hybrids. KS5731 and ZD309 had stronger drought resistance among tropical and temperate maize hybrids separately. Tolerant hybrids maintained active photosynthesis, have higher osmotic adjustment ability and antioxidase activities but lower malonaldehyde content than the sensitive ones. Our results led to a better understanding of the physiological responses of tropical and temperate maize plants to drought stress and may provide an insight of breeding for drought resistance in maize.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79061896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chiari I malformation, syringomyelia and papilledema: a malformative complex connected to oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum Chiari I畸形，脊髓空洞和乳头水肿:一种与眼-耳-椎谱相关的畸形复合体

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2019-03-08 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2019.8001

A. Berio, G. Garlaschi, G. Mangiante, G. Mariottini, A. Piazzi

{"title":"Chiari I malformation, syringomyelia and papilledema: a malformative complex connected to oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum","authors":"A. Berio, G. Garlaschi, G. Mangiante, G. Mariottini, A. Piazzi","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2019.8001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2019.8001","url":null,"abstract":"The authors discuss the association of papilledema with Chiari I malformation (CMI) and syringomyelia on the basis of a clinical case studied by radiology, immunology and biochemistry methods. In the presence of normal haematology, blood immunology and biochemistry, clinical signs of headache and papilledema associated to hemifacial asymmetry, blind neck fistulas, malformed ears and spinal abnormalities (symptoms of oculo-auricolo- vertebral spectrum - OAVS), were observed. Magnetic resonance images and computed tomography demonstrated the occurrence of lowered cerebellar tonsils, but with values lower than those typical of the CMI syndrome and syringomyelia. The authors concluded for a minor form (benign ectopia) in the CMI syndrome, associated to papilledema and syringomyelia, and hypothesize an unique pathogenetic mechanism for this complex, connected to neural crest cell development and to OAVS, as extension of this spectrum. The authors underline the relevance of the facial/neck lateral signs for the diagnosis of OAVS associated to brain stem pathology and CMI.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"84 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72625558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

'Drink and sleep like a fish': goldfish as a behavior model to study pharmaceutical effects in freshwater ecosystems “像鱼一样喝水和睡觉”:金鱼作为研究淡水生态系统中药物作用的行为模型

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2019-01-11 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2019.7939

Valbona Aliko, E. Mehmeti, M. Qirjo, C. Faggio

{"title":"'Drink and sleep like a fish': goldfish as a behavior model to study pharmaceutical effects in freshwater ecosystems","authors":"Valbona Aliko, E. Mehmeti, M. Qirjo, C. Faggio","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2019.7939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2019.7939","url":null,"abstract":"Behavior is a mechanism through which organisms react to internal and external stimuli to best cope with challenges in an ever-changing environment. The study of animal behavior patterns in response to environmental stress/threats, is a relatively new and unexplored topic. The aim of this study is to offer a modest contribution in explaining the effects of pharmaceutical pollutants found in freshwater ecosystems, using the behavior patterns and physiology of Carassius auratus. Behavior changes were evaluated through swimming patterns, opercula and pectoral response, and rheological aggressivity. Animals were exposed for 5 weeks to water (as control), ethanol (EtOH, 0.25 and 1%, v/v), fluoxetine (FLX, 100 μg/L) and caffeine (CAF, 50 mg/L) and their short-term responses were recorded. The video has been analyzed using the open-sourced software program Track3D and EthoVision XT, which objectively quantified swimming and social behaviors. In all treatments, fish showed significantly (P<0.01) high level of stress, aggressivity and hyperactivity, compared to control. An interesting fact was that for each pollutant, fish exhibited different swimming patterns, from the normal one. These changes in the nervous system such as stressed behavior, irregular swimming patterns, hyperactivity and aggression, are consequences of pharmaceutical pollution in freshwater bodies and as such they can be used as suitable early physiological response biomarkers to environmental stress. Monitoring of altered behavior is a great early indicator of water pollution, which can easily be applied in the best aquaculture and fishery practices.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85985387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Nutrition, obesity and hormones 营养，肥胖和荷尔蒙

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2018-12-17 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2018.7755

M. Giammanco, L. Lantieri, G. Leto, Fulvio Pescia, Danila Di Majo

引用次数: 7

Comparative study of estrogen receptor α, β mRNA expressions of endometriosis and normal endometrium in women and analysis of potential synthetic anti-estrogens in silico 子宫内膜异位症与正常子宫内膜雌激素受体α、β mRNA表达的比较研究及潜在人工合成抗雌激素的分析

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2018.7550

Eldafira Eldafira, A. Abinawanto, L. Sjahfirdi, Asmarinah Asmarinah, P. Soeharso, Muharam Muharam, V. Prasasty, D. Pujianto

{"title":"Comparative study of estrogen receptor α, β mRNA expressions of endometriosis and normal endometrium in women and analysis of potential synthetic anti-estrogens in silico","authors":"Eldafira Eldafira, A. Abinawanto, L. Sjahfirdi, Asmarinah Asmarinah, P. Soeharso, Muharam Muharam, V. Prasasty, D. Pujianto","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2018.7550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2018.7550","url":null,"abstract":"Endometriosis is a multifactorial disease in which genetic and environmental factors interact causing its pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression pattern of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ) in endometriosis patients compared to normal endometrioum (n=18) as a control by using Quantitative Real Time PCR method. Moreover, we also measured serum estradiol levels of endometriosis patients in the proliferation phase of the menstrual cycle using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The mRNA expression of ERβ was significantly higher in the endometriosis group compared to control, and the result of t-test showed that were significantly different (P<0.05). Overexpression of ERβ in endometriosis was likely to have other significant important impacts in the pathology of endometriosis that allowed ERβ to stimulate prostaglandin production in endometriosis tissue and cells. Estradiol content did not correlate with the ERα expression, and it is weakly correlated with ERβ mRNA expression. Molecular docking analysis showed that ERα and ERβ have different binding interactions with synthetic antiestrogens, whereas the best inhibitor was Ral2 to ERα and Aco1 to ERβ. Thus, both inhibitors could be used as leads in further investigation of ERα, ERβ inhibitory activities in vitro and in vivo.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73477067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of polymorphisms of thiopurine methyltransferase in therapy with Azathioprine: preliminary study 硫嘌呤甲基转移酶多态性在硫唑嘌呤治疗中的作用:初步研究

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2018-11-28 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2018.7717

F. Mortillaro, C. Fabiano, M. Piccione, M. Giammanco, F. Venturella

{"title":"The role of polymorphisms of thiopurine methyltransferase in therapy with Azathioprine: preliminary study","authors":"F. Mortillaro, C. Fabiano, M. Piccione, M. Giammanco, F. Venturella","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2018.7717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2018.7717","url":null,"abstract":"Azathioprine is an immunosuppressant drug belonging to the class of thiopurines widely used in clinical therapy. Its immunosuppressive action is linked to the substantial action mechanism in the inhibition of the synthesis of nitrogenous bases purine carried out in T-lymphocyte. The level of such medication limit resides in side effects such as myelosuppression and the development of tumours. The occurrence of side effects is linked to the presence of genetic polymorphisms of Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT). To date, 40 allelic variants for TPMT have been detected. However, those responsible for the reduction of enzyme activity are three: *2, *3A, *3C. The presence of one of the three polymorphisms makes the enzyme susceptible to degradation at proteasome level, and exposes the patient to high levels of the active drug that increases the probability of an occurrence of its side effects. Therefore, the Food and Drug Administration imposed the execution of a genetic test of TPMT typing in order to determine if the drug therapy is appropriate to the metabolic characteristics of the patient. The study had the aim of identifying the prevalence of the three aforementioned polymorphisms related to TPMT in a sample population in Palermo, Italy, highlighting the differences related to the sex of the patient and highlighting the main phenotypes. The results showed prevalence in the population of the absence of polymorphism. Among the most frequent polymorphisms is the *3A (3%). A percentage of 1.5% was found for the polymorphism *3C. No polymorphism *2 was identified in the population analyzed.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85888811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous leaf extract of Olea europaea var. sylvestris in albino Wistar rats 油橄榄叶水提物对白化Wistar大鼠的抗腹泻作用

Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale Pub Date : 2018-11-08 DOI: 10.4081/JBR.2018.7614

M. Zaouani, F. Yahiaoui, Nazli Nacer Bey, M. Ben-Mahdi

{"title":"Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous leaf extract of Olea europaea var. sylvestris in albino Wistar rats","authors":"M. Zaouani, F. Yahiaoui, Nazli Nacer Bey, M. Ben-Mahdi","doi":"10.4081/JBR.2018.7614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/JBR.2018.7614","url":null,"abstract":"Olea europaea var. sylvestris, also named oleaster, is widely used by traditional medicine practitioners in Algeria to treat high blood pressure and diabetes. However, the antidiarrhoeal activity of this plant has not been scientifically evaluated. The main aim of the study deals with an investigation of three topics: the phytochemical screening, the acute toxicity, and antidiarrhoeal activity of the oleaster leaf aqueous extract. Acute oral toxicity study was carried out based on Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 423 guideline. The extract was orally administered in wistar rats at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight and the animals were observed for mortality, behavioral changes and other abnormal signs. Qualitative analysis of phytochemical constituents was carried out using standard methods developed by Harborne, Trease and Evans. Castor oil-induced diarrhoea tests and gastro intestinal motility assay were evaluated in rats to determine the antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract. In the acute toxicity study, the extract did not induce death or any sign of toxicity in treated rats. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. The oleaster extract at oral doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight showed a significant (P<0.05) antidiarrhoeal activity compared to the control group treated with castor oil induced diarrhoea, enteropooling and gastrointestinal motility assay, after charcoal meal administration. The oleaster leaf aqueous extract has shown a gradual response with increasing dose. The present study indicates that the oleaster leaf aqueous extract is safe with antidiarrhoeal property.","PeriodicalId":9116,"journal":{"name":"Bollettino della Societa italiana di biologia sperimentale","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89598284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2