JOJ ophthalmologyPub Date : 2018-09-21DOI: 10.19080/JOJO.2018.07.555702
B. Nayak
{"title":"Post Fire Cracker Injury Corneal Perforation with Endophthalmitis in a Child","authors":"B. Nayak","doi":"10.19080/JOJO.2018.07.555702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/JOJO.2018.07.555702","url":null,"abstract":"An 8 years old male presented with rapidly detoriating vision in right eye with pain, redness and watering over a period of four days. He had history of trauma to right eye with fire cracker injury 3 days back on eve of festival “Diwali” in India. Right eye had visual acuity of perception of light (PL) only. On slit lamp examination, he had corneal perforation and hypopyon. Ultrasonography was suggestive of endophthalmitis. The exudates from vitreous and anterior chamber were sent for microbiological testing which showed the organism to be Bacillus cereus. He was treated with repair of corneal perforation with intracameral Vancomycin wash and intravtreal Vancomycin injection. Two days post operatively the hypopyon was cleared with decreased exudates in vitreous. Topical moxifloxacin was continued and second dose of intravitreal Vancomycin was given after 72 hours. After 7 days the symptoms improved with vision of 4/60.","PeriodicalId":91023,"journal":{"name":"JOJ ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43901192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOJ ophthalmologyPub Date : 2018-09-21DOI: 10.19080/jojo.2018.07.555703
S. Chew
{"title":"Toric Orthokeratology Effectiveness on Correcting Astigmatism: A Narrative Literature Review","authors":"S. Chew","doi":"10.19080/jojo.2018.07.555703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jojo.2018.07.555703","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91023,"journal":{"name":"JOJ ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46003280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOJ ophthalmologyPub Date : 2018-06-27DOI: 10.19080/jojo.2018.06.555699
Ferdinand Rapthap
{"title":"Normative Data of Macular Thickness and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness (RNFL) With Axial Length and CCT by SLO OCT/Lenstar on Tribal People","authors":"Ferdinand Rapthap","doi":"10.19080/jojo.2018.06.555699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jojo.2018.06.555699","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91023,"journal":{"name":"JOJ ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43623948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOJ ophthalmologyPub Date : 2017-12-11DOI: 10.19080/jojo.2017.05.555673
Levy N, Paz T, Leiba H, Hadas B, Parness R
{"title":"Long Term Ophthalmic Follow Up in LCHAD Deficiency","authors":"Levy N, Paz T, Leiba H, Hadas B, Parness R","doi":"10.19080/jojo.2017.05.555673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jojo.2017.05.555673","url":null,"abstract":"Long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (LCHAD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder of mitochondrial fatty acid beta oxidation, associated with hypoketotic hypoglycemia, hepatic steatosis, rhabdomyolysis, cardiomyopathy, polyneuropathy and retinal changes. We present the course of retinal findings in a case of a 6-year-old girl with LCHAD deficiency diagnosed at birth, and hence early treated and followed. Our patient had annual eye exams from the age of 1 year. Clinical examinations, ocular coherence tomography (OCT) and electroretinogram (ERG) findings during follow up are presented. At the age of 3 years, after systemic deteriorations, nyctalopia appeared with pigmentary retinopathy changes in both eyes. ERG was subnormal while Infra-red reflectance imaging with OCT displayed more advanced stage of the disease. Progressive chorioretinopathy with visual impairment was observed along the follow up on clinical exams, as well as on repeated OCTs and ERGs.","PeriodicalId":91023,"journal":{"name":"JOJ ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46973423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOJ ophthalmologyPub Date : 2017-01-01Epub Date: 2017-09-15DOI: 10.19080/jojo.2017.04.555643
Lalit P Singh, Takhellambam S Devi, Thangal Yumnamcha
{"title":"The Role of Txnip in Mitophagy Dysregulation and Inflammasome Activation in Diabetic Retinopathy: A New Perspective.","authors":"Lalit P Singh, Takhellambam S Devi, Thangal Yumnamcha","doi":"10.19080/jojo.2017.04.555643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/jojo.2017.04.555643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria are responsible for bioenergetics, metabolism and apoptosis signals in health and disease. The retina being a part of the central nervous system consumes large amounts of glucose and oxygen to generate ATP via the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation for its phototransduction and visual function. During ATP generation, electrons leak from the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which is captured by molecular oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). These mtROS damage mitochondrial proteins, mtDNA, and membrane lipids and release them in the cytosol. Mitochondrial components are recognized as danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors such as NOD-like receptors, NLRP3 inflammasomes. They process pro-caspase-1 to active caspase-1, which cleaves pro-inflammatory IL-1β o mature IL-1β causing inflammation and cell death by pyroptosis. To counter the damaging action of mtROS and inflammasomes in fully differentiated cells in the retina, the removal of the damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria by a double-membrane autophagic process via lysosomal degradation called mitophagy is critical for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. Nonetheless, under chronic diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR), mitophagy dysregulation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation exist, which cause premature cell death and disease progression. Recently, the thioredoxin-interacting protein TXNIP, which is strongly induced by diabetes and inhibits anti-oxidant function of thioredoxin, has been implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction, mitophagic dysregulation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in DR. Therefore, TXNIP silencing or pharmacological inhibition may normalize mitophagic flux and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which will prevent or slow down the progression of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":91023,"journal":{"name":"JOJ ophthalmology","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/10/89/nihms907209.PMC5786434.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35773735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}