Breast最新文献

{"title":"Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i): Mechanisms of resistance and where to find them.","authors":"L Foffano, L Cucciniello, E Nicolò, I Migliaccio, C Noto, C Reduzzi, L Malorni, M Cristofanilli, L Gerratana, F Puglisi","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2024.103863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have significantly impacted on the treatment of HR + HER2 negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (BC) when combined with endocrine therapy. Nonetheless, despite significant research efforts, the mechanisms of de novo and acquired resistance to CDK4/6i have not yet been fully elucidated, highlighting the need for a deeper understanding of these process. Additionally, the importance of dissecting CDK4/6i resistance from endocrine resistance for personalized treatment is increasingly recognized. Liquid biopsy has emerged as a minimally invasive tool for identifying circulating biomarkers of resistance through the integration of multiparametric and dynamic assessments that encompass ctDNA, CTCs, exosomes, and epigenetic ctDNA alterations, representing a promising perspective for the clinical characterization of treatment resistance and guiding post-progression strategies to improve patient outcomes. Aim of this review is summarize potential mechanisms of CDK4/6i resistance, along with the advantages of using liquid biopsy to identify resistance biomarkers in HR+/HER2- MBC patients treated with CDK 4/6 inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"103863"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in breast cancer among elderly women: Development in estrogen and HER2 subtypes in the last ten years.","authors":"Frederik K Palshof, Lina S Mørch, Maj-Britt R Jensen, Hans H Storm, Niels Kroman, Tove H F Tvedskov","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2024.103860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increasing life expectancy increases breast cancer (BC) rates in elderly, where better health allows for improved tolerance of treatments. We assessed trends in BC incidence of tumor subtypes for women with focus on the elderly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Changes in BC incidence in women by age from 2012 to 2021 were assessed using data from the Nordic countries. We calculated the incidence of BC subtypes by age group using data from the Danish Breast Cancer Group (DBCG) database. We used generalized linear models assuming a Poisson distribution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the Nordic countries, 205 305 women were diagnosed with BC between 2012 and 2021. In Denmark, 50 858 BC patients were diagnosed between 2012 and 2022, identified with tumor characteristics. Incidence of BC among women aged 80+ increased significantly across the Nordic Countries, with 1.24 % per year (95 % CI: 0.07 %: 2.41 %). In Denmark, in the 80+ group, the ER+/HER2- subtype had the highest increase, with 1.98 % per year (95 % CI: 1.10 %: 2.87 %).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Across the Nordic countries, incidence of BC in women aged 80+ increased. In Denmark, rising incidence of BC is driven by the ER+/HER2- subtype in the 80+ group, which has the best prognosis and gentle treatments. More elderly BC patients will require treatment and follow-up in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"103860"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142852708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of a tertiary multidisciplinary meeting in metastatic breast cancer: A prospective study.","authors":"Belinda Sassé, Sammy Shaya, Jessica Nimmo, Katie Cao, Daphne Day, Katie Evans, Catherine Healy, Gwo-Yaw Ho, Gillian Kruss, Amelia McCartney, Linda Mojzisova, Ranjana Srivastava, Jennifer Tan, Mun Yee Tan, Kate Webber, Michelle White, Steven David, Marion Harris","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2024.103861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metastatic breast cancer (mBC) guidelines recommend multidisciplinary meetings (MDM), but there is limited research on their impact. This prospective study examines the impact of an mBC MDM on management plans, their implementation rate, and costs and benefits at an Australian metropolitan breast cancer center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive mBC MDM patients were enrolled. Oncologists recorded their management plans before the MDM. Following the MDM, consensus plan was recorded and compared to the pre-MDM plan. Plans were categorised as no change, low impact, or high impact. High impact was defined as major treatment change or trial referral. Plan implementation was assessed four months post-MDM. Co-primary endpoints were proportion of plans changed pre/post-MDM and the proportion of high vs. low-impact changes. Estimates of time spent on the MDM and time savings were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>114 MDM presentations for 95 patients were recorded from October 2023 to July 2024. 65 (57.0 %) presentations resulted in a plan change (p < 0.001); 32 (28.1 %) were high impact (p < 0.001). Follow up data was collected for 77 presentations; 65 (84.4 %) were fully implemented. 42 presentations resulted in high impact recommendations, of which 39 were implemented (92.6 %) (p = 0.005). The MDM earned $571.18/week with estimated costs of $1584.63, a $1013.45 deficit. Costs were likely offset by estimated savings from improved clinic efficiencies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MBC MDMs result in significant, actionable changes to patient management. 28.1 % of presentations resulted in treatment changes, almost all of which were implemented. Costs were offset by improved clinic efficiencies. MBC MDMs enhance care in this diverse patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"103861"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival feature and trend of female breast cancer: A comprehensive review of survival analysis from cancer registration data.","authors":"Dan-Dan Tang, Zhuo-Jun Ye, Wan-Wan Liu, Jing Wu, Jing-Yu Tan, Yan Zhang, Qun Xu, Yong-Bing Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2024.103862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To better understand global patterns, chronological changes, and international comparisons of female breast cancer survival, we reviewed published data from population-based cancer registries worldwide. Using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SEER, and SinoMed, a comprehensive literature search was conducted for female breast cancer survival from the population-based cancer registries through 31 December 2023. Observed, relative, and net survival rates and their corresponding age-standardized survival rates since the 1990s were collected and further stratified by prognostic factors. The prognosis of female breast cancer patients was favorable, with 5-year relative survival rates above 80 % in most regions. The trend in breast cancer survival showed annual increases in most countries but was accompanied by geographical disparities. The highest age-standardized 5-year relative survival rate was identified in the USA (2010-2014) at 90.2 %, while the lowest was in India (2010-2014) at 66.1 %. Overall, North America and Oceania had the best survival, and, for Europe, survival was worst in Eastern Europe. The survival in some Asian countries was disturbing. Younger age groups had a better prognosis than those aged 75 years and over. The lowest survival rates were observed in patients with distant metastatic and triple-negative breast cancer. Worldwide, there has been a steady improvement in female breast cancer survival. However, the survival gap between developed and developing countries has remained wide over the past 30 years. Differences in age, stage at diagnosis, and molecular subtype may explain some of the disparities, providing evidence for targeted management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"103862"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142863329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Hormone Receptors: liquid biopsy tools to unveil new clinical meanings and empower therapeutic decision-making in Luminal-like metastatic breast cancer.","authors":"Brenno Pastò, Riccardo Vida, Arianna Dri, Lorenzo Foffano, Serena Della Rossa, Lorenzo Gerratana, Fabio Puglisi","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2024.103859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immunohistochemical (IHC) tissue profiling is a standard practice in the management of metastatic breast cancer (mBC), that enables the identification of distinct biological phenotypes based on hormone receptors' expression. Luminal-like tumors primarily benefit from a first line treatment strategy combining endocrine therapy and cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors. However, IHC analyses necessitate invasive procedures and may encounter technical and interpretational challenges. In the current era of precision medicine, liquid biopsy holds potential to provide clinicians with additional insights into disease biology, including mechanisms underlying endocrine resistance and disease progression. Several liquid-based biomarkers are entering clinical practice and hold prognostic and predictive values in Luminal-like mBC, while many others are currently being investigated. The present work aims to summarize the current evidence regarding the clinical meanings of hormone receptors and their downstream molecular pathways, alongside their implications for therapeutic decision-making in Luminal-like mBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"103859"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel models based on machine learning to predict the prognosis of metaplastic breast cancer.","authors":"Yinghui Zhang, Wenxin An, Cong Wang, Xiaolei Liu, Qihong Zhang, Yue Zhang, Shaoqiang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2024.103858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare and highly aggressive histological subtype of breast cancer. There remains a significant lack of precise predictive models available for use in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study utilized patient data from the SEER database (2010-2018) for data analysis. We utilized prognostic factors to develop a novel machine learning model (CatBoost) for predicting patient survival rates. Simultaneously, our hospital's cohort of MBC patients was utilized to validate our model. We compared the benefits of radiotherapy among the three groups of patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CatBoost model we developed exhibits high accuracy and correctness, making it the best-performing model for predicting survival outcomes in patients with MBC (1-year AUC = 0.833, 3-year AUC = 0.806; 5-year AUC = 0.810). Furthermore, the CatBoost model maintains strong performance in an external independent dataset, with AUC values of 0.937 for 1-year survival, 0.907 for 3-year survival, and 0.890 for 5-year survival, respectively. Radiotherapy is more suitable for patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery with M0 stage [group1: (OS:HR = 0.499, 95%CI 0.320-0.777 p < 0.001; BCSS: HR = 0.519, 95%CI 0.290-0.929 p = 0.008)] and those with T3-4/N2-3M0 stage undergoing mastectomy [group2: (OS:HR = 0.595, 95%CI 0.437-0.810 p < 0.001; BCSS: HR = 0.607, 95%CI 0.427-0.862 p = 0.003)], compared to patients with stage T1-2/N0-1M0 undergoing mastectomy [group3: (OS:HR = 1.090, 95%CI 0.673-1.750 p = 0.730; BCSS: HR = 1.909, 95%CI 1.036-3.515 p = 0.038)].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We developed three machine learning prognostic models to predict survival rates in patients with MBC. Radiotherapy is considered more appropriate for patients who have undergone breast-conserving surgery with M0 stage as well as those in stage T3-4/N2-3M0 undergoing mastectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"103858"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"General obesity, abdominal obesity, and the risk of cardiovascular disease including stroke in 5-year breast cancer survivors.","authors":"Ji Soo Kim, Jihun Song, Seulggie Choi, Sang Min Park","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2024.103857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess the association between discrepancies between general obesity and abdominal obesity and the risk of subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD), including stroke, in breast cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We undertook a retrospective cohort study using data from the National Health Insurance Service of South Korea. Among 72,174 5-year breast cancer survivors aged 40 years and above, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were used to determine obesity status. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association of obesity and risk of CVD, including stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to those with normal WC and BMI, those who were overweight without abdominal obesity, had abdominal obesity only, and overweight with abdominal obesity, had higher risks of CVD [aHR(95 % CI) 1.23(1.02-1.48), 1.51(1.16-1.95), and 1.55(1.31-1.75), respectively] and total stroke [1.09(0.86-1.38), 1.63(1.20-2.23), and 1.40(1.17-1.68), respectively]. Compared to those overweight, those with abdominal obesity only had a significantly higher risk of ischemic stroke [2.04(1.14-3.65)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breast cancer survivors with higher BMI and/or abdominal obesity were associated with an elevated risk of CVD, including stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"103857"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast cancer patients with a pre-existing mental illness are less likely to receive guideline-recommended cancer treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Katie Elliott, Emily Haworth, Iakov Bolnykh, R Hamish McAllister-Williams, Alastair Greystoke, Adam Todd, Linda Sharp","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.breast.2024.103855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, with early detection and advanced treatments contributing to declining mortality rates. However, managing comorbid conditions, particularly mental illness, presents significant challenges for cancer treatment. This study systematically reviews and meta-analyses the impact of having a pre-existing mental illness on breast cancer treatment utilisation, focusing on specific treatments and comparing different mental illnesses. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and APA PsycInfo databases were searched. After screening, fifteen studies were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria. The included studies were predominantly from high-income countries, and compared breast cancer treatment in patients with and without pre-existing mental illnesses including anxiety, mood disorders, schizophrenia and psychotic disorders, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Meta-analysis revealed that patients with mental illnesses were significantly less likely to receive guideline-recommended treatments (OR = 0.78, 95 % CI 0.72-0.83, N = 5), chemotherapy (OR = 0.56, 95 % CI 0.34-0.78, N = 6), or radiotherapy (OR = 0.79, 95 % CI 0.66-0.93, N = 5). They were also significantly more likely to undergo mastectomy instead of breast-conserving surgery (OR = 1.38, 95 % CI 1.24-1.52, N = 4). Findings were consistent across different mental illnesses. This review highlights the need for targeted interventions to improve healthcare access and address provider biases, promoting better integration of mental health and oncology care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"103855"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical treatment after neoadjuvant systemic therapy for HER2-positive invasive breast cancer in the Netherlands: 10-Year trends and the influence an accompanying DCIS component","authors":"Roxanne A.W. Ploumen ,&nbsp;Thiemo J.A. van Nijnatten ,&nbsp;Loes F.S. Kooreman ,&nbsp;Adri C. Voogd ,&nbsp;Kristien B.M.I. Keymeulen ,&nbsp;Sabine Siesling ,&nbsp;Marjolein L. Smidt","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The presence of a DCIS component accompanying invasive breast cancer (IBC) is associated with a higher rate of primary mastectomy compared to IBC without DCIS. After neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST), HER2+ IBC patients show high response rates, allowing for increasing breast-conserving surgery rates. The aim of this study was to examine surgical trends after NST in a Dutch nationwide HER2+ cohort, and the influence of a DCIS component on mastectomy rate.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Women with HER2+ IBC, diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 and treated with NST and surgery were included from the Netherlands Cancer Registry. Mastectomy rate was examined over the years, and compared between patients with and without a DCIS component in the pre-NST biopsy. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association of the DCIS component with mastectomy rate and likelihood of achieving ypT0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 5289 patients were included. Over 10 years, mastectomy rate significantly decreased from 62.6 % in 2010 to 35.1 % in 2019. Patients with IBC+DCIS more often underwent mastectomy, with a rate of 48.4 % in 2019, compared to 30.0 % in IBC only (p &lt; 0.001). Percentage of ypT0 was significantly lower in patients with IBC+DCIS (38.7 %), compared to IBC only (47.3 %, p &lt; 0.001) Multivariable logistic regression analyses showed presence of DCIS (OR 1.69, 95%CI 1.47–1.95, p &lt; 0.001) to be independently associated with mastectomy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Rate of mastectomy decreased significantly in HER2+ IBC treated with NST between 2010 and 2019. Presence of DCIS in the biopsy remained associated with higher mastectomy rate, yet 38.7 % of these patients do achieve ypT0.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 103854"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adipocyte heterogeneity and tumor infiltration of adipose tissue in patients with metastatic breast cancer","authors":"Hava Izci ,&nbsp;Gitte Zels ,&nbsp;Anirudh Pabba ,&nbsp;Marion Maetens ,&nbsp;François Richard ,&nbsp;Maxim De Schepper ,&nbsp;Josephine Van Cauwenberge ,&nbsp;Ha-Linh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Kristien Borremans ,&nbsp;Sophia Leduc ,&nbsp;Karen Van Baelen ,&nbsp;Sigrid Hatse ,&nbsp;Tatjana Geukens ,&nbsp;Amena Mahdami ,&nbsp;Hans Wildiers ,&nbsp;Patrick Neven ,&nbsp;Wouter Van Den Bogaert ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Floris ,&nbsp;Christine Desmedt","doi":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103852","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.breast.2024.103852","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The adipose tissue may serve as a source of energy supporting cancer growth and metastasis. Our understanding of the adipocytes which compose the adipose tissue in different anatomical locations of the body as well as potential microscopic tumor infiltration in patients with metastatic breast cancer remains limited. This study therefore investigates regional variations in adipocyte size and adipose tissue tumor infiltration in patients with metastatic breast cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Within the UPTIDER rapid autopsy program, (NCT04531696), 94 adipose tissue samples from subcutaneous, visceral, retroperitoneal, and mammary depots of 22 patients with metastatic breast cancer were collected and analyzed. Distant adipocyte size was quantified using digital pathology, and tumor infiltration was assessed histologically. Linear mixed quantile regression analyzed the associations between adipocyte size, fat depot type and major histological subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Distant adipocyte size did not significantly differ across fat depots. A trend towards smaller adipocytes in mammary fat at autopsy versus diagnosis was observed, suggesting potential age and/or treatment effects. Adipocyte size correlated positively with BMI at death, especially in subcutaneous and visceral fat. Visceral fat exhibited higher tumor infiltration, notably in patients with invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the relatively uniform adipocyte size across fat depots in patients with metastatic breast cancer, with potential changes in mammary adipocytes over the disease course. The microscopic tumor cell infiltration observed in the visceral fat, mainly for ILC, underscores the need to undertake additional research to understanding the contribution of the adipose tissue in breast cancer metastasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9093,"journal":{"name":"Breast","volume":"79 ","pages":"Article 103852"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}