Journal of aging and gerontology最新文献

{"title":"Dementia and Mental Health and Economy of Primary Caregivers: A Case Study","authors":"H. Adhikari","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2022.05.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2022.05.01","url":null,"abstract":"Dementia is rapidly a growing challenge for elderly population throughout the globe. Caring for loved one with dementia is a burden and very much stressful for primary caregivers (family members) who are under the home care. It is a serious issue for family which is in lack economic resource. This study examines mental health and economy of a lower middle class family of slum colony of Kolkata metro city of India where has no separate shelter for elderly one and family’s financial condition is in thick and thin position. Elderly mother was about 76 years old. The family had been managing dementia for last 5 years. The study assessed that family members were depressed and their anxiety as well as depression had crossed the limit. Their mental health had been reflected in their daily life and interactional level had been worse affected. So, they were almost isolated from their neighbour. On the other hand, male of this family, only earner (daily wage labour) was unable to go outside for job. This study suggested that government should take effective policy for dementia care and a support to the family with dementia is needed.","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44260757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Older Adults' Risk for a Future Fall and Difficulty Performing Activities of Daily Living.","authors":"Ani Mamikonian-Zarpas, Luciana Laganá","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2015.03.01.2","DOIUrl":"10.12974/2309-6128.2015.03.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional status is often defined by cumulative scores across indices of independence in performing basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADL/IADL), but little is known about the unique relationship of each daily activity item with the fall outcome. The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the level of relative risk for a future fall associated with difficulty with performing various tasks of normal daily functioning among older adults who had fallen at least once in the past 12 months. The sample was comprised of community-dwelling individuals 70 years and older from the 1984-1990 Longitudinal Study of Aging by Kovar, Fitti, and Chyba (1992). Risk analysis was performed on individual items quantifying 6 ADLs and 7 IADLs, as well as 10 items related to mobility limitations. Within a subsample of 1,675 older adults with a history of at least one fall within the past year, the responses of individuals who reported multiple falls were compared to the responses of participants who had a single fall and reported 1) difficulty with walking and/or balance (FRAIL group, <i>n</i> = 413) vs. 2) no difficulty with walking or dizziness (NDW+ND group, <i>n</i> = 415). The items that had the strongest relationships and highest risk ratios for the FRAIL group (which had the highest probabilities for a future fall) included difficulty with: eating (73%); managing money (70%); biting or chewing food (66%); walking a quarter of a mile (65%); using fingers to grasp (65%); and dressing without help (65%). For the NDW+ND group, the most noteworthy items included difficulty with: bathing or showering (79%); managing money (77%); shopping for personal items (75%); walking up 10 steps without rest (72%); difficulty with walking a quarter of a mile (72%); and stooping/crouching/kneeling (70%). These findings suggest that individual items quantifying specific ADLs and IADLs have substantive relationships with the fall outcome among older adults who have difficulty with walking and balance, as well as among older individuals without dizziness or difficulty with walking. Furthermore, the examination of the relationships between items that are related to more challenging activities and the fall outcome revealed that higher functioning older adults who reported difficulty with the 6 items that yielded the highest risk ratios may also be at elevated risk for a fall.</p>","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"3 1","pages":"8-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.12974/2309-6128.2015.03.01.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34397875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Vitamin D in the Aging Adult.","authors":"Meghan Meehan,&nbsp;Sue Penckofer","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.02.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.02.1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of individuals aged 65 and older is expected to more than double from 2012 to 2060. The role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with aging has not been well studied. Traditionally, the role of vitamin D focused on the maintenance of skeletal health in the older adult. With the discovery of vitamin D receptors in the nervous, cardiovascular and endocrine systems, the role of vitamin D and its impact on these systems has become an important area of research. Older adults are at risk for lower levels of vitamin D as a result of decreased cutaneous synthesis and dietary intake of vitamin D. Epidemiologic evidence indicates an association between low levels of vitamin D and diseases associated with aging such as cognitive decline, depression, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Clinical trials to determine the benefit of vitamin D supplementation in preventing and treating such diseases are in progress. This paper highlights current evidence regarding the role that vitamin D may play in diseases associated with aging and addresses the need for well-designed randomized trials to examine its benefit on health outcomes in the older adult.</p>","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"2 2","pages":"60-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4399494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33234347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corpora Amylacea in Aging Brain and Age-Related Brain Disorders ","authors":"D. Pirici, C. Mărgăritescu","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.6","url":null,"abstract":"Corpora amylacea (CA) are glycoprotein-based hyaline-like bodies that accumulate in normal aging brain, and to an even greater extent, in the brains of patients suffering from a variety of neurodegenerative disorders.\u0000Although many of the histochemical, tinctorial and structural properties of CAs have been described for more than a century and a half since their discovery, their pathogenic mechanisms, their subcellular origins and their functions are still debated. Two main theories have been advanced to explain the formation of CA, respectively the vascular and the metabolic theories, although pathogenically both mechanisms can be involved. The exact cellular source of CA in the nervous system is still under debate, although both a neuronal and glial origin has been suggested due to the presence of cell specific proteins. CAs contain around 90% glucose polymers (polyglucosan or polysaccharides), 3% phosphates and 5% proteins, most of them being aging or stress-related proteins. Ultrastructurally, CAs were described as masses of randomly oriented short linear electron-dense areas, situated in the cytoplasm of fibrous astrocytes, mainly in their distal processes. In transmission light microscopy they appear as circular bodies ranging from less than 2 µm to about 20 µm in diameter, with smooth surface or ragged appearance that typically have a concentric laminated or target-like patterns, with the cores staining rather more densely than the periphery.\u0000Besides their presence in aging brain, in many neurodegenerative disorders some similar structures called polyglicosan bodies, are morphologically indistinguishable from normal CAs, and were described in: Anderson’s disease, adult polyglucosan body disease, inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and in the neurons of patients with Lafora progressive myoclonus epilepsy. The differential diagnosis may include all the neuropathological diseases characterized by the production of peculiar materials with special morphology in the elderly.\u0000All together, these data come to show that these “enigmatic bodies” are far from being completely understood, thus further investigations are needed to better explain the brain aging and the pathogenesis of different degenerative neurological diseases, and perhaps they could provide novel therapeutic targets to counteract age-related brain disorders. ","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66337428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha and Theta EEG Rhythms Activity Reveal Deep Changes in Resting Brain State in Subjects with Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease ","authors":"D. Moretti, A. Prestia, G. Binetti, O. Zanetti, G. Frisoni","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.3","url":null,"abstract":"The increase of EEG alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio has been associated with AD-converters subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as well as a reduction in the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF).\u0000In this study, the association between alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio with rCBF changes in subjects with MCI was evaluated.\u0000The alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio was computed in 27 subjects with MCI. Two groups were obtained according to the median values of alpha3/alpha2, at a cut-off of 1.17. In the groups so obtained, the correlation between brain perfusion and EEG markers were detected.\u0000In the MCI group with the alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio above 1,17 as compared to the group with alpha3/alpha2 frequency power ratio below 1.17 there was: 1) a constant trend to lower rCBF values; 2) smaller hippocampal volumes; 3) higher theta frequency power.\u0000The higher EEG alpha3 /alpha2 frequency power ratio individuates two different group of MCI subjects. A complex interplay between alpha and theta rhythms activity MCI patients is suggested in patients with prodromal Alzheimer's disease. ","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66336977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of the TGF-b1/p53 Target SERPINE1 Gene in Alzheimer’s Dementia: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities ","authors":"S. Kutz, Craig E. Higgins, P. Higgins","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.1","url":null,"abstract":"Editorial","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66336881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Olfactory Thresholds between Elderly with Parkinson Disease and Controls ","authors":"C. Foguem, G. Brand","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Olfactory dysfunction is an early warning and most common symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is a promising marker mainly at the early stage of the disease for PD. The purpose of the survey was to evaluate the deficits in odor detection in Elderly with PD. We hypothesized that trigeminal sensitivity dysfunction would be less important than olfactory sensitivity impairment in elderly with PD and could improve diagnostic accuracy. Experimental procedure: Olfactory detection thresholds to Phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) [activating only the olfactory system] and n- Butanol (BUT) [activating both olfactory and trigeminal systems], were determined in twenty four patients with PD aged over 65 years old [mean age: 75 +/-4.5 years, range: 70-86 years] and in twenty-four healthy controls who were matched for age and gender [mean age: 73 +/-7.1 years, range: 65- 84 years]. The study also included neuropsychological evaluations and stage of PD estimations. Results: Results show a trend towards an impaired olfactory (CN I) detection sensitivity in relation to PEA thresholds in patients with PD compared to controls independently of age and stage of PD, although no significant difference was observed. Furthermore, no significant difference was observed for BUT thresholds between PD’s patients and controls. PEA and BUT thresholds were significantly correlated in both patients with PD and controls. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the olfactory senescence and decreased detection threshold in elderly (both patients with PD and controls) may influence our results by reducing detection olfactory threshold differential between the two groups, contrary to previous findings in young adults with PD and controls. Trigeminal sensitivity seems to be preserved in Elderly with PD. Future investigations should focus on odorants with higher properties to highlight a potential difference between the two groups. ","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66336928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heberden´s Nodes in Women Complicated with Tophi Gout ","authors":"Julius Vachtenheim","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.5","url":null,"abstract":"Gout is currently a very widespread metabolic joint disease. In the course of the long history of gout treatment since Hippocrates the opinion of this disease have changed many times, especially concerning frequency, cause and therapy. Now we are far from thinking that gout occurs only in the “upper class” male population. This article comments the occurens of gout tophi in atypical locations in females, which occur not only on the typical sites, namely 1st metatarsal joint of the foot thumb as a typical for the primary gout. It is also necesary to note that gout currently occurs in females more often than before, including also the tophi gout, which appears not only as primary but also as a secondary gout. It occurs in patiens with chronic renal failure, on the basis of long-term renal disease with longlasting hyperuricaemia. The crystals may settle in a remote damaged hand joint at sites of long lasting osteo-arthritis. This especially applies to Heberden´s nodes (distal interphalangeal joint), mainly on the index fingers. Rarely also can applies to the proximal interphalangeal joint (Bouchard´s nodes). Similar observation has not been found so far in the literature. ","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66337065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypothalamic Revascularization and Rejuvenation ","authors":"H. Rafael, M. T. Valadez","doi":"10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12974/2309-6128.2014.02.01.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Since 1990 and to date, four therapeutic methods have been used against aging. All of them, to increase the plasma growth hormone levels. \u0000Material and Method: We choose 38 patients to analyse the postoperative rejuvenation. Previously, all of them have been received omental transplantation on the optic chiasma, the carotid bifurcation and the anterior perforated space. Patients with stroke in 14 cases, Alzheimer´s disease (AD) in 23 and Huntington´s disease (HD) in 1. The clinical data of rejuvenation were obtained by observation, videotape and photography. \u0000Results: Neurological improvement in patients with stroke, AD and HD were better during the first weeks after surgery than in the following months or years. Besides this, between 1 to 4 months after surgery, 32 patients (84.21%) showed rejuvenation and in the rest, there were not changes. These 6 last patients presented dilation of the third ventricle. \u0000Conclusions: These results indicate that the primary cause of aging is of ischemic origin, in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Because, in contrast to this, its revascularization by means of omental tissue produce rejuvenation. Therefore, our surgical method improve the function of the residual arcuate nucleus and adjacent zones. ","PeriodicalId":90883,"journal":{"name":"Journal of aging and gerontology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66336987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}