World journal of pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Botanical, chemical, and pharmacological characteristics of Lomatogonium rotatum: A review","authors":"Li-Li Dai, Rong-Gui Eni, M. Fu, Gen-na Ba","doi":"10.5497/wjp.v11.i2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/wjp.v11.i2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Lomatogonium rotatum (L. rotatum) Fries ex Nym, a dry whole grass belonging to the family Gentianaceae, is widely used to treat liver diseases in Mongolian medicine. In Mongolian medicine, L. rotatum Fries ex Nym, also known as Digeda, is a rare medicinal herb with low yield and widespread clinical use. Currently, it is included in over 25 traditional Mongolian medicine prescriptions that help reduce heat, dispel xieri, enhance stomach function, and heal wounds. Recent studies have shown that L. rotatum Fries ex Nym contains a variety of metabolites, including flavonoids, xanthone compounds, terpenoids, organic acids, steroids, and alkaloids. In addition, its anti-hepatitis B, anti-inflammatory, anti-acute liver injury, and anti-obesity effects have been proven by pharmacological studies. In this review, we summarize the ecological resources, traditional pharmacodynamics, chemical constituents, and pharmacological actions of L. rotatum Fries ex Nym, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for future applied research and new product development.","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42821744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mammalian target of rapamycin; novel insight for management of inflammatory bowel diseases","authors":"Naser-Aldin Lashgari, Nazanin Momeni Roudsari, S. Momtaz, A. Abdolghaffari","doi":"10.5497/wjp.v11.i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/wjp.v11.i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48716790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): A safety perspective","authors":"Joshua Davis, U. Umeh, Rand Saba","doi":"10.5497/wjp.v10.i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/wjp.v10.i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45410654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial biofilms in human gastrointestinal tract: An intricate balance between health and inflammatory bowel diseases","authors":"N. Chandra, A. Srivastava, Sunil Kumar","doi":"10.5497/wjp.v8.i3.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/wjp.v8.i3.26","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial biofilms in human gastrointestinal tract: An intricate balance between health and inflammatory bowel diseases","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49159696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco smoking and its drug interactions with comedications involving CYP and UGT enzymes and nicotine","authors":"N. Maideen","doi":"10.5497/WJP.V8.I2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/WJP.V8.I2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Tobacco smoking and its drug interactions with comedications involving CYP and UGT enzymes and nicotine","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48532189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacology and clinical applications of flupirtine: Current and future options","authors":"K. Lawson","doi":"10.5497/WJP.V8.I1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/WJP.V8.I1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Flupirtine is the first representative in a class of triaminopyridines that exhibits pharmacological properties leading to the suppression of over-excitability of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Consequently, this drug has been used as a centrally acting analgesic in patients with a range of acute and persistent pain conditions without the adverse effects characteristic of opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and is well tolerated. The pharmacological profile exhibited involves actions on several cellular targets, including Kv7 channels, G-protein-regulated inwardly rectifying K channels and γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors, but also there is evidence of additional as yet unidentified mechanisms of action involved in the effects of flupirtine. Flupirtine has exhibited effects in a range of cells and tissues related to the locations of these targets. In additional to analgesia, flupirtine has demonstrated pharmacological properties consistent with use as an anticonvulsant, a neuroprotectant, skeletal and smooth muscle relaxant, in treatment of auditory and visual disorders, and treatment of memory and cognitive impairment. Flupirtine is providing important information and clues regarding novel mechanistic approaches to the treatment of a range of clinical conditions involving hyper-excitability of cells. Identification of molecules exhibiting specificity for the pharmacological targets (e.g., Kv7 isoforms) involved in the actions of flupirtine will provide further insight into clinical applications. Whether the broad-spectrum pharmacology of flupirtine or target-specific actions is preferential to gain benefit, especially in complex clinical conditions, requires further investigation. This review will consider recent advancement in understanding of the pharmacological profile and related clinical applications of flupirtine.","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47433420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kv7 channels a potential therapeutic target in fibromyalgia: A hypothesis","authors":"K. Lawson","doi":"10.5497/WJP.V7.I1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/WJP.V7.I1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Fibromyalgia is characterized by the primary symptoms of persistent diffuse pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance and cognitive dysfunction. Persistent pain conditions, such as fibromyalgia, are often refractory to current available therapies. An involvement of K+ channels in the pathophysiology of fibromyalgia is emerging and supported by drug treatments for this condition exhibiting action at these molecular processes. K+ channels constitute potential novel target candidates for pain therapy offering peripheral and/or central actions. The Kv7 channel activators, flupirtine and retigabine, have exhibited pharmacological profiles compatible to the requirements needed for use as a therapeutic approach to fibromyalgia. Clinical trials to address the multidimensional challenges of fibromyalgia with flupirtine and retigabine will provide important insight to the role of K+ channels in this condition.","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70986021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dried-leaf <i>Artemisia annua:</i> A practical malaria therapeutic for developing countries?","authors":"Pamela J Weathers,&nbsp;Melissa Towler,&nbsp;Ahmed Hassanali,&nbsp;Pierre Lutgen,&nbsp;Patrick Ogwang Engeu","doi":"10.5497/wjp.v3.i4.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/wjp.v3.i4.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artemisinin from the plant <i>Artemisia annua (A. annua)</i> L, and used as artemisinin combination therapy (ACT), is the current best therapeutic for treating malaria, a disease that hits children and adults especially in developing countries. Traditionally, <i>A. annua</i> was used by the Chinese as a tea to treat \"fever\". More recently, investigators have shown that tea infusions and oral consumption of the dried leaves of the plant have prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy. The presence of a complex matrix of chemicals within the leaves seems to enhance both the bioavailability and efficacy of artemisinin. Although about 1000-fold less potent than artemisinin in their antiplasmodial activity, these plant chemicals are mainly small molecules that include other artemisinic compounds, terpenes (mainly mono and sesqui), flavonoids, and polyphenolic acids. In addition, polysaccharide constituents of <i>A. annua</i> may enhance bioavailability of artemisinin. Rodent pharmacokinetics showed longer T_1/2 and T_max and greater C_max and AUC in <i>Plasmodium chabaudi</i>-infected mice treated with <i>A. annua</i> dried leaves than in healthy mice. Pharmacokinetics of deoxyartemisinin, a liver metabolite of artemisinin, was more inhibited in infected than in healthy mice. In healthy mice, artemisinin serum levels were > 40-fold greater in dried leaf fed mice than those fed with pure artemisinin. Human trial data showed that when delivered as dried leaves, 40-fold less artemisinin was required to obtain a therapeutic response compared to pure artemisinin. ACTs are still unaffordable for many malaria patients, and cost estimates for <i>A. annua</i> dried leaf tablet production are orders of magnitude less than for ACT, despite improvements in the production capacity. Considering that for > 2000 years this plant was used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of fever with no apparent appearance of artemisinin drug resistance, the evidence argues for inclusion of affordable <i>A. annua</i> dried leaf tablets into the arsenal of drugs to combat malaria and other artemisinin-susceptible diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":"3 4","pages":"39-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4323188/pdf/nihms656647.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33052027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular drug delivery systems: An overview.","authors":"Ashaben Patel,&nbsp;Kishore Cholkar,&nbsp;Vibhuti Agrahari,&nbsp;Ashim K Mitra","doi":"10.5497/wjp.v2.i2.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5497/wjp.v2.i2.47","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The major challenge faced by today's pharmacologist and formulation scientist is ocular drug delivery. Topical eye drop is the most convenient and patient compliant route of drug administration, especially for the treatment of anterior segment diseases. Delivery of drugs to the targeted ocular tissues is restricted by various precorneal, dynamic and static ocular barriers. Also, therapeutic drug levels are not maintained for longer duration in target tissues. In the past two decades, ocular drug delivery research acceleratedly advanced towards developing a novel, safe and patient compliant formulation and drug delivery devices/techniques, which may surpass these barriers and maintain drug levels in tissues. Anterior segment drug delivery advances are witnessed by modulation of conventional topical solutions with permeation and viscosity enhancers. Also, it includes development of conventional topical formulations such as suspensions, emulsions and ointments. Various nanoformulations have also been introduced for anterior segment ocular drug delivery. On the other hand, for posterior ocular delivery, research has been immensely focused towards development of drug releasing devices and nanoformulations for treating chronic vitreoretinal diseases. These novel devices and/or formulations may help to surpass ocular barriers and associated side effects with conventional topical drops. Also, these novel devices and/or formulations are easy to formulate, no/negligibly irritating, possess high precorneal residence time, sustain the drug release, and enhance ocular bioavailability of therapeutics. An update of current research advancement in ocular drug delivery necessitates and helps drug delivery scientists to modulate their think process and develop novel and safe drug delivery strategies. Current review intends to summarize the existing conventional formulations for ocular delivery and their advancements followed by current nanotechnology based formulation developments. Also, recent developments with other ocular drug delivery strategies employing <i>in situ</i> gels, implants, contact lens and microneedles have been discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":90768,"journal":{"name":"World journal of pharmacology","volume":"2 2","pages":"47-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5497/wjp.v2.i2.47","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32976348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}