Journal of educational and developmental psychology最新文献_第10页

Democracy, Dictatorship, and Adolescent Self-Esteem: A Cross-Sectional Comparison Across the Iron Curtain 民主、独裁和青少年自尊:横断面比较跨越铁幕

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-07-29 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P45

Carl Antonson, F. Thorsén, Rada Berg, Karolina Palmér, J. Sundquist, K. Sundquist

{"title":"Democracy, Dictatorship, and Adolescent Self-Esteem: A Cross-Sectional Comparison Across the Iron Curtain","authors":"Carl Antonson, F. Thorsén, Rada Berg, Karolina Palmér, J. Sundquist, K. Sundquist","doi":"10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P45","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Democracy and dictatorship are opposite forms of governance and may influence children differently, partly through the school curriculum. \u0000 \u0000METHODS: Data were collected in the communistic dictatorship of Bulgaria before the fall of the Berlin wall and in the West-European democracy of Sweden. The aims were to compare self-esteem between Swedish and Bulgarian adolescents, examine sex differences and investigate potential interactions between country and sex. We used the well-validated self-reporting questionnaire ‘I Think I Am’ scale (ITIA) measuring self-esteem. \u0000 \u0000RESULTS: A total of 100 Swedish (58 boys, 42 girls) and 88 Bulgarian (41 boys, 47 girls) were included in the analyses. The Swedish male adolescents reported a significantly higher global self-esteem than the Bulgarian males. No country difference in global self-esteem was found between the females. For the two relational sub-scales ‘Relations with the family’ and ‘Relations with others’ there were significant differences between the two countries where the Swedish adolescents of both sexes had significantly higher scores. The Bulgarian adolescents had fewer sex differences than the Swedish ones. \u0000 \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Our study is based on the only known existing data from before the fall of the Berlin wall comparing self-esteem in a country belonging to the autocratic Soviet-bloc and a West-European democracy, data that are no longer possible to obtain. The observed differences between countries and sexes may be explained by the differences in governance. Sweden formed adolescents with significantly higher self-esteem than Bulgaria, which might have been caused by social stressors leading to a ‘Dictatorship damage’ consisting of a lower self-esteem. The lower difference in self-esteem between the sexes in Bulgaria could possibly be attributed to the idealization of the strong emancipated woman, which was a social icon in the Soviet-bloc.","PeriodicalId":90589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of educational and developmental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47477367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Young Children’s Use of Gender for Inductive Generalizations about Biological and Behavioral Characteristics: The Influence of Gender Categories and Gender Stereotypes 幼儿使用性别归纳生物学和行为特征:性别类别和性别刻板印象的影响

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-07-08 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P37

B. H. Pillow, C. Allen, N. Low, Taneisha Vilma

引用次数: 3

Associations Between Non-Cognitive Skills, Self-Rated Health, Life Style, and Concern About Food in 6-16-Year-Old Japanese Students 6-16岁日本学生非认知技能、自我评价健康、生活方式和对食物的关注之间的关系

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P26

Tomoko Osera, Mitsuyo Awai, Misako Kobayashi, Setsuko Tsutie, N. Kurihara

{"title":"Associations Between Non-Cognitive Skills, Self-Rated Health, Life Style, and Concern About Food in 6-16-Year-Old Japanese Students","authors":"Tomoko Osera, Mitsuyo Awai, Misako Kobayashi, Setsuko Tsutie, N. Kurihara","doi":"10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P26","url":null,"abstract":"Little is known about the effects of the non-cognitive skills on health. In this study, questionnaires were distributed to 1,658 school children aged 6–16 years and their parents in Hyogo Prefecture in Japan, who completed them at home and returned them in Freepost envelopes. The questionnaires included items about the child and his/her self-rated health (SRH), lifestyle, food-related habits and attitudes. The responses were anonymous and unidentifiable. Associations between the independent variables and high/low non-cognitive skills were assessed with the χ2 test or Fisher’s exact test at a 5% level of significance. Groups with high and low non-cognitive skills were defined and factors that differed significantly between them were examined using logistic regression analysis. In total, 496 (29.9%) returned both completed questionnaires. In this study, we separated the children and students aged 6–12 and 13–16 years, respectively. Furthermore, we categorized them according to the Japanese education system. Among the children aged 6–12 years, the high non-cognitive skills group suffered fewer headaches, went to bed earlier, had a greater preference for home-cooked meals, and had better exercise habits compared with the low non-cognitive skills group. In the students aged 13–16 years, the high non-cognitive skills group experienced fewer headaches, went to bed earlier, had a greater preference for home-cooked meals, and had better exercise habits compared with the low non-cognitive skills group. In conclusion, the findings of this study suggested that a high level of non-cognitive skills was associated with high SRH and greater concern about food.","PeriodicalId":90589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of educational and developmental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43239077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Application of AI as Reinforcement in the Intervention for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) 人工智能在自闭症谱系障碍儿童干预中的应用

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-06-19 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P17

Jing Shi

{"title":"The Application of AI as Reinforcement in the Intervention for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)","authors":"Jing Shi","doi":"10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P17","url":null,"abstract":"Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) is a neuro-developmental disorder. There is a tremendous variability in individuals with ASD; however, it is mainly characterized by social behavioral deficits. Across the globe, the prevalence of ASD is fairly consistent and the most current estimates are 1 in 59. There is no biological cure for people with ASD and intervention is widely accepted as the only solution for them to improve the quality of their lives. Among all the treatments, Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) has more quantity of evidence than other methods and it has more studies with the strongest levels of evidence. Using reinforcement is a vital and indispensable part of ABA. Many researches reveal that children with ASD are more likely to become interested in robots or other forms of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and in fact AI is used in the intervention for children with ASD. The application of AI has been proven to be feasible and effective in the interventions. This essay aims at analyzing the effects of the application of AI as reinforcement in ABA and providing suggestions for application of AI in other aspects of ABA intervention. Hopefully this essay will be suggestive for the future application of AI in terms of assisting the intervention for children with ASD in order to reduce the workload and cost.","PeriodicalId":90589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of educational and developmental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48426392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Self-Regulation of Middle School Students With Learning Disabilities During a Complex Project-Based Science Activity 中学学习障碍学生在复杂项目科学活动中的自我调节

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-06-18 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P1

Sheri Berkeley, Anna Larsen, A. Colburn, Robert Yin

{"title":"Self-Regulation of Middle School Students With Learning Disabilities During a Complex Project-Based Science Activity","authors":"Sheri Berkeley, Anna Larsen, A. Colburn, Robert Yin","doi":"10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JEDP.V9N2P1","url":null,"abstract":"Self-regulation is widely considered important for the academic success of students. Yet, there is limited research about how students self-regulate during complex, long-term learning tasks, such as the project-based learning activities that commonly occur as part of science classroom instruction. There is also less known about how atypical learners, including students with learning disabilities (LD), self-regulate academic tasks. The current multiple case study explores these gaps in the research base through an investigation of how middle school students with language-based LDs self-regulated their learning during a complex, science-based project—creation of computerized serious educational games (SEG) about renewable energy sources. Findings from the current study suggest that there is a relationship between attributions that students with LD make for their performance and their self-efficacy for learning, but only under specific conditions. The role of this relationship seems to diminish when a student poorly calibrates perception of ability relative to actual performance and when a student perceives the cost of effort to outweigh the benefit.","PeriodicalId":90589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of educational and developmental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43059394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Illustration and Text Comprehension: Tales Study for Primary Students 插图与文本理解：小学生的故事学习

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P90

Faustin Mounguengui, S. N. Ilouga

引用次数: 0

More Than a Teacher: Understanding the Teacher-Learner Relationship in a Public High-School in South Africa 不仅仅是一位老师:了解南非一所公立高中的师生关系

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-04-26 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P77

Leza Soldaat

{"title":"More Than a Teacher: Understanding the Teacher-Learner Relationship in a Public High-School in South Africa","authors":"Leza Soldaat","doi":"10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P77","url":null,"abstract":"Teaching is considered a caring occupation due to the nature of the interaction between teachers and learners (Hocschild, 1983). Care giving can be a demanding task, however, emotional labour invested in the occupation – with regards to their relationships with learners – contributes to job satisfaction, commitment and be emotionally rewarding. The proximity or distance of these relationships are dependent on five emotional geographies, namely socio-cultural, moral, professional, physical, and political relatability (Hargreaves, 2001). This paper draws on a case study of teachers at a former Model C high-school in South Africa to examine the formation and development of relationships formed between the teacher and learner. The article suggests that teachers adopt three additional roles outside that of teaching. These roles, the coach, counsellor, and parental figure, foster emotional understanding (Denzin, 1984) between the teacher and learners, which creates a positive classroom climate. These roles are deemed necessary for the fulfilment of successful relationships with learners. However, there are challenges which teachers face when attempting to develop these bonds with learners, which include a negative classroom climate, socio-cultural distance, and sexual harassment – faced by women teachers.","PeriodicalId":90589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of educational and developmental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49139295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Cultivation of Polytechnic-Industry Linkage for Development and Delivery of Curriculum for Technical Education: A Case Study of The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro 为技术教育课程的开发和交付培养理工产业联系——以Ilaro联邦理工学院为例

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-04-25 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P69

R. Oloyo

{"title":"Cultivation of Polytechnic-Industry Linkage for Development and Delivery of Curriculum for Technical Education: A Case Study of The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro","authors":"R. Oloyo","doi":"10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P69","url":null,"abstract":"The implication of the unsuitability of young Nigerian graduates for available jobs in the industry raises the question as to the appropriateness of the training received while in school. It has exacerbated the unemployment problem in the Country, and it is worrisome. Of a necessity in curriculum development and delivery, therefore is the adoption of an approach that takes cognizance of the job function of the graduates in the industry and/or workplace and the skills required to perform on the job. In other words, the curriculum must target the job market demand and needs. This paper reports on the development of a demand-led curriculum in National Diploma Cement Engineering Technology through the partnership of the Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro with Cement Industry, Cement Training Institute of Nigeria, Manufacturers Association of Nigeria, and the National Board for Technical Education. The paper concludes that the emerging graduates from the implementation of the curriculum would have acquired the appropriate skills for the job, and would be acceptable and fit to perform effectively in the industry. Besides, opportunities for earning industry research income and reputation through the provision of research support to the industry is an added benefit derivable from the linkage.","PeriodicalId":90589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of educational and developmental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47492211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

On the (Ir)Relevance of Psychological Research: Students versus Scientists and Implications for Teaching 论心理学研究的相关性:学生与科学家及其对教学的启示

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-04-13 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P59

C. D. Güss, T. Bishop

{"title":"On the (Ir)Relevance of Psychological Research: Students versus Scientists and Implications for Teaching","authors":"C. D. Güss, T. Bishop","doi":"10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P59","url":null,"abstract":"Research articles are widely used in the training of undergraduate students. Editors and reviewers of the top scientific psychology journals influence the development in the field by publishing certain articles and rejecting others, probably assuming that the published articles are empirically sound and theoretically highly relevant. The current study investigated if published articles are indeed regarded as relevant by a sample of 393 psychology undergraduate students from a university in the Southeast of the United States. The students’ age ranged between 18 and 57 (M = 23, SD = 6.05) and 84% were female. Students received brief statements about potential research studies and rated them regarding relevance, not knowing that the summaries were from actual research studies published in peer-reviewed journals. Results showed that (1) overall, research articles were regarded as generally irrelevant, (2) applied articles were regarded as more relevant than basic research articles, (3) ratings did not differ based on gender or age, and (4) the more advanced students were in the Psychology program, the higher their relevance ratings were for applied research as compared to basic research. Results are comforting or disturbing; comforting, because students might not have the professional expertise to make such relevance judgments; disturbing, because results might indicate how specialized and insulated journals have become by not addressing topics relevant to a wider population. Results also have implications for teaching research methods and experimental psychology courses.","PeriodicalId":90589,"journal":{"name":"Journal of educational and developmental psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48324181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Effectiveness and Social Validity of FBAs for Youth At-Risk or With High Incidence Disabilities: A Meta-Analysis 对高风险或高致残青少年的FBAs有效性与社会效度:一项元分析

Journal of educational and developmental psychology Pub Date : 2019-02-28 DOI: 10.5539/JEDP.V9N1P41

J. Maag

引用次数: 0