Journal of diabetes and obesity最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Haematogenous oxidation therapy with Ultraviolet-C irridation in an alloxan-induced diabetes and a Poloxamer 407-induced Hyperlipidemia in rabbits","authors":"G. Adam, Ommega Internationals","doi":"10.15436/2376-0494.18.1930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2376-0494.18.1930","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recently diabetes and hyperlipidemia (HL) considered a major source of mortality. Chemical treatments could minimize the symptoms but, still the disease exists. Previously Ultraviolet was used for treatment of ailments related to infection and metabolism. Methods: The study evaluates the effects of Haematogenous Oxidation Therapy (HOT) on the blood when a low dose of Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) is directly irradiated to the blood in a diabetic rabbit model and to evaluate the effects of treatment on diabetic rabbit. Type 1 Diabetes and hyperlipidemia were induced by intravenous injection of alloxan monohydrate and subcutaneous injection of poloxamer 407, respectively. A 10 ml blood was collected from diabetic rabbits, blood was being perfused with oxygen for 10 seconds and UV-C was irradiated to the blood, UV-irradiated blood was transfused back to the original rabbits. The HOT treatment was performed a total of 10 times. It was evaluated the effects of the HOT treatment on diabetes and HL through hematological and biochemical analyses before and after HOT treatment were performed. Results: The results indicated that the reduced body weight was increased and blood glucose levels were significantly reduced after the HOT treatment was performed when compared to those prior to the HOT treatment. In addition, CRE, BUN and UA levels indicating renal functions were significantly reduced when compared to those prior to the HOT treatment. When the HOT treatment was performed in a diabetic and HL rabbit model, our results indicate that blood glucose levels and lipids profile were improved. Conclusions: Biochemical and Hematological analyst was demonstrating that the HOT was effective to alleviate diabetes and HL.","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47036237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimated Stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD)-1 and Elongase of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (Elovl) 6 Activities From Serum Fatty Acids Are Reciprocally Associated with Visceral Fat Area in Type 2 Diabetic Patients","authors":"S. Yatoh, Kumiko Totsuka-Mizuma, T. Matsuzaka, Motohiro Sekiya, Hiroaki Suzuki, H. Shimano, Ommega Internationals","doi":"10.15436/2376-0494.18.1911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2376-0494.18.1911","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Abdominal visceral fat accumulation can cause insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients. We investigated the association between serum fatty acid levels and the visceral fat area (VFA). Materials and methods: In this retrospective study we evaluated relationship between the serum levels of 24 fatty acids and the abdominal VFA measured by computed tomography in 32 patients with type 2 diabetes who had been hospitalized. Results: Of the 24 fatty acids evaluated, the serum palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7) level had a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.565) with VFA while the serum arachidic acid (C:20:0) level had a very weak negative correlation (r = -0.351);no significant correlations with the VFA were found for the remaining 22 fatty acids. On the other hand, we discovered 5 significant correlations in 18 estimated activity indices of elongases and desaturases, which were calculated with ratios of corresponding fatty acid concentrations. The palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7) /palmitic acid (C16:0) (r = 0.719, stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD)-1 (16)) index and the oleic acid (C18:1 n-9) / stearic acid (C18:0) (r = 0.534, SCD-1(18) index had moderate to strong correlations with the VFA, whereas stearic acid (C18:0) /palmitic acid (C16:0) (r = 0.495, elongase of very long chain fatty acids (Elovl) 6 index exhibited a significant negative correlation. Conclusions: The serum palmitoleic acid (C16:1 n-7) level and some estimated activity indices significantly correlated with the VFA in the type 2 diabetic patients. SCD-1 indices and an Elovl6 index were reciprocally associated with the VFA. The SCD-1(16) index, which showed the strongest correlation with the VFA along with the negative association of the Elovl6 index, might be useful in estimating the VFA. 1 Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 2 Department of Clinical Nutrittion, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 3 Division of Energy Metabolism Research, Transborder Medical Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 4 International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. 5 Life Science Center for Survival Dynamics, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance (TARA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan 6 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan *Corresponding author: Shigeru Yatoh, Department of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology and Metabolism), Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0031, Japan, Tel: +81-29-853-3053; Fax: +81-29-853-3174; E-mail: yatou-endo@umin.ac.jp Citation: Yatoh, S., et al. Estimated Stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD)-1 and Elongase of Very Long Chain Fatty Acids (Elovl) 6 Activities From Serum Fatty Acids Are Reciprocally Associated with","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47072100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trial for the Development of Bio-Functional Foods to Prevent Diabetes and Dementia Using a High-Pressure Treatment","authors":"K. Ohtsubo, Sumiko Nakamura, T. Hara, A. Yamazaki, A. Kobayashi, S. Maeda, K. Kasuga, T. Ikeuchi, H. Goto, M. Hirayama, Kenichi Watanabe, Toshiko Koide, and Ken’ichi Ohtsubo, Ommega Internationals","doi":"10.15436/2376-0494.18.1902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2376-0494.18.1902","url":null,"abstract":"Type-2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease are very serious diseases and the former has been suggested to be one of the causes of the latter. Low glycemic index foods inhibit rapid increases in blood glucose and insulin secretion after meals. In this study, we investigated the palatability of boiled rice and inhibition of an abrupt increase in blood glucose level (BGL) and amyloid β peptide production after eating blend of ordinary unpolished rice, “Koshihikari” and anthocyanin-rich blackrice, “Okunomurasaki” unpolished rice cooked after a high-pressure treatment (HPT KO). “Okunomurasaki” showed a high antioxidant capacity and high inhibitory activity against β-secretase even after HPT and cooking. A randomized, single-blind, crossover-designed study was conducted using 15 subjects with a normal BGL. BGLs at 90 and 120 min after ingesting the cooked HPT KO were significantly lower than that for cooked Koshihikari polished rice (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the increase in the amyloid β40 peptide in the blood 120 min after eating HPT KO tended to be lower than that of cooked Koshihikari polished rice. It would be necessary to conduct a long-term test using the present HPT KO in terms of inhibitory activity against the abrupt increase of BGL and amyloid β peptide production for the probability to prevent type-2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease.","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42763614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between Weight, Adiposity, Functional Status, and Left Ventricle Characteristics in Overweight and Obese Patients with Heart Failure.","authors":"Marjan Motie, Lorraine S Evangelista, Dawn Lombardo, Tamara B Horwich, Michele Hamilton, Gregg C Fonarow","doi":"10.15436/2376-0494.17.1108","DOIUrl":"10.15436/2376-0494.17.1108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study was conducted to examine the relationship between adiposity and functional status (i.e. peak oxygen consumption [VO₂max]), and left ventricular (LV) structural characteristics (i.e., LV ejection fraction [LVEF], LV end diastolic dimension [LVEDD], LV posterior wall thickness [LVPWT]) in heart failure (HF) patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), and/or metabolic syndrome (MS). We hypothesize that excess weight and body fat are significantly related to cardiac functional status.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Ninety four patients' clinical characteristics were analyzed at baseline to examine the relationships of interest. Results show that weight was correlated with fat and lean mass and LVEF (all p's < 0.050). Novel findings from our data showed that weight, fat mass, and percent fat were inversely related to VO₂max; weight, fat mass and lean mass were positively related with LVPWT. In a multivariate analysis, body mass index and fat mass accounted for 28.8% of the variance in VO₂max, showing significantly higher predictive value than other covariates (P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings show a possible relationship between body fat on functional status in this patient cohort and challenges existing research that supports that higher weight and increased fat are good in the setting of chronic HF (i.e. obesity paradox). Strategies to optimize weight and reduce adiposity warrants further investigation in this subgroup of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7039467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37675035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise Intervention Improves the Metabolic Profile and Body Composition of Southwestern American Indian Adolescents.","authors":"Leslie Colip,&nbsp;Mark R Burge,&nbsp;Phillip Sandy,&nbsp;Donica Ghahate,&nbsp;Jeanette Bobelu,&nbsp;Thomas Faber,&nbsp;Vallabh Shah","doi":"10.15436/2376-0494.16.1180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2376-0494.16.1180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/purpose: </strong>The Southwestern American Indian population carries a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and obesity, placing this group at higher risk than the general population for developing early type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, likely impacting overall lifespan. This study aims to evaluate the impact of early lifestyle interventions which promote healthy eating and regular exercise on risk factors contributing to the development of the metabolic syndrome among the adolescent Zuni Pueblo population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We describe a prospective, single site, community-based cohort study performed among sixty-five adolescent Zuni Indians aged 13.9 ± 1.7 years who were recruited between March 2011 and January 2014. The study intervention consisted of a targeted, tri-weekly exercise regimen with nutritional counselling, and the primary study outcomes included changes from baseline in metabolic profile (fasting lipids, A1c), vital signs (blood pressure, resting heart rate) and anthropometric characteristics of the study group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>41 participants have anthropometric data measured at baseline and after completion, biochemical data are available from 30 participants, and body composition data from 26 patients. Using the paired Student's t-test with Bonferroni correction, significant improvements were shown in pediatric BMI percentile, fasting lipid profile, A1C, total body fat, and fat free mass after six months of exercise and nutritional intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A simple, standardized fitness program among Southwest American Indian adolescents was effective at reducing fasting lipids and adiposity, as well as improving glycemic indices over the course of six months.</p>","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5400367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34936499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition, Diversity and Abundance of Gut Microbiome in Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Stacey M Lambeth, Trechelle Carson, Janae Lowe, Thiruvarangan Ramaraj, Jonathan W Leff, Li Luo, Callum J Bell, Vallabh O Shah","doi":"10.15436/2376-0949.15.031","DOIUrl":"10.15436/2376-0949.15.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Association between type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and compositional changes in the gut micro biota is established, however little is known about the dysbiosis in early stages of Prediabetes (preDM). The purpose of this investigation is to elucidate the characteristics of the gut micro biome in preDM and T2DM, compared to Non-Diabetic (nonDM) subjects. Forty nine subjects were recruited for this study, 15 nonDM, 20 preDM and 14 T2DM. Bacterial community composition and diversity were investigated in fecal DNA samples using Illumina sequencing of the V4 region within the 16S rRNA gene. The five most abundant phyla identified were: <i>Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia</i>, and <i>Actinobacteria</i>. Class <i>Chloracido</i> bacteria was increased in preDM compared to T2DM (p = 0.04). An unknown genus from family <i>Pseudonocardiaceae</i> was significantly present in preDM group compared to the others (p = 0.04). Genus <i>Collinsella</i>, and an unknown genus belonging to family <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> were both found to be significantly increased in T2DM compared to the other groups (Collinsella, and p = 0.03, <i>Enterobacteriaceae</i> genus p = 0.02). PERMANOVA and Mantel tests performed did not reveal a relationship between overall composition and diagnosis group or HbA1C level. This study identified dysbiosis associated with both preDM and T2DM, specifically at the class and genus levels suggesting that earlier treatment in preDM could possibly have an impact on the intestinal micro flora transitioning to T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4705851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67677083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and Psychological Changes Following Liposuction of Large Volumes of Fat in Overweight and Obese Women","authors":"A. Geliebter, Emily Krawitz, T. Ungredda, Ella Peresechenski, S. Giese","doi":"10.15436/2376-0494.15.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2376-0494.15.032","url":null,"abstract":"Background Liposuction can remove a substantial amount of body fat. We investigated the effects of liposuction of large volumes of fat on anthropometrics, body composition (BIA), metabolic hormones, and psychological measures in overweight/obese women. To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine both physiological and psychological changes following liposuction of large volumes of fat in humans. Method Nine premenopausal healthy overweight/obese women (age = 35.9 ± 7.1 SD, weight = 84.4 kg ± 13.6, BMI = 29.9 kg/m2 ± 2.9) underwent liposuction, removing 3.92 kg ± 1.04 SD of fat. Following an overnight fast, height, weight, waist, and hip circumferences were measured at baseline (one week pre-surgery) and post-surgery (wk 1,4,12). Blood samples were drawn for fasting concentrations of glucose, insulin, leptin, and ghrelin. The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) Examination Self-Report (BDDE-SR), and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZDS) were administered. Results Body weight, BMI, waist circumference, and body fat consistently decreased over time (p < .05). Glucose did not change significantly, but insulin decreased from wk 1 to wk 12 (p < .05). Leptin decreased from baseline to wk 1 (p = .01); ghrelin increased but not significantly. Changes in body fat and waist circumference (baseline to wk 1) correlated positively with changes in insulin during that period, and correlated inversely with changes in ghrelin (p < .05). BSQ scores decreased significantly over time (p = .004), but scores for BDDE-SR (p = .10) and ZDS (p = .24) did not change significantly. Conclusion Liposuction led to significant decreases in body weight and fat, waist circumference, and leptin levels. Changes in body fat and waist circumference correlated with concurrent changes in the adipose-related hormones, insulin and ghrelin (baseline to wk 1), and body shape perception improved. Thus, besides the obvious cosmetic effects, liposuction led to several positive body composition, hormonal, and psychological changes.","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":"2 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.15436/2376-0494.15.032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67677078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Association of Niemann-Pick C1 Gene Polymorphisms with Maternal Prepregnancy Overweight and Gestational Diabetes.","authors":"William S Garver,&nbsp;Lesley de la Torre,&nbsp;Matthew C Brennan,&nbsp;Li Luo,&nbsp;David Jelinek,&nbsp;Joseph J Castillo,&nbsp;David Meyre,&nbsp;Robert A Orlando,&nbsp;Randall A Heidenreich,&nbsp;William F Rayburn","doi":"10.15436/2376-0494.15.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2376-0494.15.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A genome-wide association study (GWAS) and subsequent replication studies in diverse ethnic groups indicate that common Niemann-Pick C1 gene (<i>NPC1</i>) polymorphisms are associated with morbid-adult obesity or diabetes independent of body weight. The objectives for this prospective cross-sectional study were to determine allele frequencies for <i>NPC1</i> polymorphisms (644A>G, 1926C>G, 2572A>G, and 3797G>A) and association with metabolic disease phenotypes in an ethnically diverse New Mexican obstetric population. Allele frequencies for 1926C>G, 2572A>G, and 3797G>A were significantly different between race/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic white, Hispanic, and Native American). The results also indicated a significant pairwise linkage-disequilibrium between each of the four <i>NPC1</i> polymorphisms in race/ethnic groups. Moreover, the derived and major allele for 1926C>G was associated (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.10-3.96, P = 0.022) with increased risk for maternal prepregnancy overweight (BMI 25.0-29.9kg/m²) while the ancestral and major allele for 2572A>G was associated (OR 4.68, 95% CI 1.23-17.8, P = 0.024) with increased risk for gestational diabetes in non-Hispanic whites, but not Hispanics or Native Americans. In summary, this is the first transferability study to investigate common <i>NPC1</i> polymorphisms in a multiethnic population and demonstrate a differential association with increased risk for maternal prepregnancy overweight and gestational diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4482482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33308226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NAFLD Susceptibility Genes and their Association with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in a New Mexico Population.","authors":"Cara J Garner,&nbsp;Carole A Conn,&nbsp;Deborah Cohen,&nbsp;Li Luo,&nbsp;Joseph J Castillo,&nbsp;Vallabh O Shah,&nbsp;William S Garver","doi":"10.15436/2376-0494.15.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15436/2376-0494.15.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Genome-wide association studies have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that increase the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). One purpose of this study was to determine the frequencies of NAFLD susceptibility SNPs in a non-Hispanic white and Hispanic population who attended a clinic in northeast Albuquerque, NM. Another goal was to determine associations with selected indicators in this New Mexican population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study involving 168 volunteer subjects in the NM population (88 non-Hispanic whites, 63 Hispanics, 4 Native Americans, 11 Asian Americans, 2 unreported ethnicity). Eight SNPs within 6 NAFLD susceptibility genes including PNPLA3 (rs738409), LYPLAL1 (rs12137855), APOC3 (rs2854116, rs2854117), GCKR (rs780094, rs741038), FABP2 (rs1799883), PEMT (rs7946) were analyzed by genotyping using the TaqMan genotyping assay (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). Statistical analyses were carried out using statistical package SAS 9.3.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The NAFLD allele frequencies were similar in non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics except for PNPLA3 (rs738409), FABP2 (rs1799883), and PEMT (rs7946). Eight SNPs in 5 NAFLD susceptibility genes were significantly associated OR marginally associated with selected indicators for NAFLD, metabolic syndrome, overweight, obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia. No SNPs were significantly associated with the same indicator in both the non-Hispanic white and Hispanic groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this population of non-Hispanic whites and Hispanics, there were only heterozygotes for the APOC3 derived alle le whereas for all other genes tested, both heterozygotes and homozygotes were found. Associations of alleles with indicators of chronic disease were different in non-Hispanic whites compared to Hispanics.</p>","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":"2 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5460659/pdf/nihms781235.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35075213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity-Related Hormones and Metabolic Risk Factors: A Randomized Trial of Diet plus Either Strength or Aerobic Training versus Diet Alone in Overweight Participants.","authors":"Allan Geliebter,&nbsp;Christopher N Ochner,&nbsp;Carl L Dambkowski,&nbsp;Sami A Hashim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is debate about the additive effects of exercise in conjunction with diet to treat obesity, and not much is known about the differential effects of strength versus aerobic training. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of diet plus strength training, diet plus aerobic training, or diet only on metabolic risk factors associated with obesity. Eighty-one overweight and obese participants completed the 8-week intervention. All participants received an energy-restrictive formula diet with an energy content based on 70% of measured resting metabolic rate (RMR). Participants assigned to an exercise group trained 3 days/week under supervision. Anthropometrics and fasting hormones were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Mean weight loss (8.5 ± 4.3kg SD) did not differ between groups nor did reductions in BMI or body fat, although the diet plus strength training group showed marginally greater lean mass retention. There were significant improvements in the values and number of metabolic syndrome risk factors, and decreases in insulin concentrations and insulin resistance, which did not vary between groups. For men, testosterone increased significantly more in the diet plus aerobic training as compared to the other groups. As compared to diet alone, the addition of strength or aerobic training did not improve changes in BMI, body fat or metabolic risk factors although the diet plus strength training group showed a trend toward preservation of lean mass, and the diet plus aerobic group in men resulted in increased testosterone concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":90587,"journal":{"name":"Journal of diabetes and obesity","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4293637/pdf/nihms-641816.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32983327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}