International journal of tropical disease & health最新文献

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B Virus Infection amongst Pregnant Women in a Community North Central Nigeria","authors":"Ndako, James A, Mawak, John D, Fajobi, Victor O, Ilochi Ifeanyi, Oludolapo Olatinsu, Odiase Marily C","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I930484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I930484","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a global challenge mostly in developing countries. Hepatitis B virus has infected almost one third of the world population. Pregnant women infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) can transmit the infection to their fetuses and newborns. As a result of the developing status of most of our communities screening of antenatal attendees is rarely done as a routine in most health facilities that offers antenatal services, hence the need for this studies at our location of study. \u0000Methods: One hundred and ninety (190) serum samples were screened among pregnant women on ante-natal care, using standard ELISA method. A well-structured questionnaire was administered to individuals to determine incidence rates and identify relative risk factors that predispose subjects to the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. \u0000Results: From the total samples screened, Sixty-three, 63 (33.2%) were found to be positive for Hepatitis B virus. The highest prevalence was found among those aged 21-30 with overall number of 37(19.5%) Positivity, X2 =1.508; P=0.471. Considering educational status of subjects screened, high prevalence was recorded among those without formal education with 25(13.2%) Prevalence, x2= 5.381; P = 0.146 considering the various risk factors, subjects with history of tattooing/tribal markings recorded 41(21.6%), while women in their second trimester of pregnancy had a higher prevalence of 42(22.2%). \u0000Conclusions: This study recorded a high prevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection amongst pregnant women at our study location, which also reflects high probable risks of HBV perinatal transmission. It is therefore strongly recommended that pregnant women be routinely screened for Hepatitis B virus infection as part of antenatal care services.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49092281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cord Blood Haematological Profiling Study: Predictive Markers of Neonatal Health Status at Birth in Anyigba, North Central Nigeria","authors":"S. E. Akor, D. A. Musa, S. Akogu, A. Matthew, Adeyemi Alapo Funmilola, Patience Onoja, B. Adegboro, S. Abah","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I930483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I930483","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Neonatal mortality refers to the death of a live-born babies within the first 28 days of life remains a global public health challenge. Cord blood being the medium of communication, transmission of nutrients and wastes between mothers and fetus can reflect the health status of baby at birth if properly utilized. Owing to multiple factors involved in neonatal mortality, this study used umbilical cord blood haematological parameters to ascertain the health status of neonates at birth, the aim of this study is to use umbilical cord blood haematological parameters for management of neonates at birth. \u0000Methodology: This research is a cross-sectional study carried out at the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Medical Laboratory Department, Kogi State University Teaching Hospital, Anyigba, North Central Nigeria between January, and December, 2020.  Cord blood from 164 babies delivered in Kogi State University Teaching Hospital, Grimard Catholic Hospital, and Amazing Grace Hospital between January and December, 2020 were analyzed for haematological parameters using Sysmex XP-300 automated haematology analyzer. The data obtained were expressed as mean ±standard deviation using SPSS statistical software, version 23.0. The indicator level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05. \u0000Results: The results showed significant increase (p<0.05) of WBC, RBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC in unstable babies compared to the stable babies, significant decrease (p<0.05) in the platelets, neutrophil and mixed among unstable babies compared to the stable babies, but no significant difference in PCV,  haemoglobin and lymphocyte counts of both stable and unstable babies. The results also demonstrated 25 deaths per 1000 live newborn neonates within 48hour during the period of study. \u0000Conclusion: This study shows that cord blood haematological parameters at birth can be used to ascertain the health status of neonates.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43803895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Onset Neonatal Sepsis Due to Hafnia alvei in Three Neonates at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria","authors":"U. C. Nnajekwu, Kenechukwu K. Iloh, I. Obumneme-Anyim, C. O. Nnajekwu, I. Nwafia, Hebert A. Obu, G. Adimora","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I930482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I930482","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hafnia alvei is a Gram-negative motile bacillus, belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. It is commonly found in stool of humans and animals and soil. It is very rare in neonates. This organism is resistant to most commonly used antibiotics, and causes nosocomial outbreaks with significant mortality. Therefore, awareness regarding this organism is important to improve outcome. Presentation of Cases: We report three cases of late onset neonatal sepsis caused by Hafnia alvei. Of these, two were preterm while one was term. The term neonate was referred on account of perinatal asphyxia and developed fever, reduced activity, tachycardia, and tachypnoea 5 days into admission. The two preterm neonates were delivered at the index hospital and developed hypothermia, and other symptoms on the 4th day of life.  Two sets of blood cultures were done for each case after collecting blood from two different sites. Blood culture was done using BACT/ALERT 3D (BioMerieux, Marcy I’Etoile, France) which uses a colorimetric sensor and reflects light to monitor the presence of carbon dioxide produced by micro-organisms. This yielded Hafnia alvei in all three samples after 72 hours of incubation. Gram stain done showed presence of Gram negative bacilli and subculture was done on MacConkey and 5% sheep agar incubated at 37 0 C for 18-24 hours. Identification of isolates was done with standard biochemical test and confirmed with API 20 E identification system (BioMerieux, Marcy I’Etoile, France). Antibiotic sensitivity was done using the modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method (Oxoid, Cambridge, UK). At most five antibiotic discs were used for each isolate and these were incubated at 370C for 24 hours. Isolates were sensitive to fluoroquinolones, cefepime and meropenem. Patients received intravenous antibiotics for two weeks, phototherapy and exchange blood transfusion. They were subsequently discharged and are currently on follow up. Discussion and Conclusion: Though rare, three infections with H. alvei were reported in this study. The isolates were sensitive to fluoroquinolones, cefepime and meropenem and resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam. The outcomes were improved by a high index of suspicion, early diagnosis, prompt institution of appropriate antibiotics and supportive care.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42336683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge on Menstrual Hygiene among Adolescent Girls Studying in Grade 8-10 in Private School of Dailekh District, Nepal","authors":"Harikala Thapa, M. Oli, S. Adhikari","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I830475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I830475","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adolescence is a significant period in the life of a woman. The beginning of menstruation represents the girls' mild stone of pubertal development or maturity. Good menstrual hygiene is crucial for health. Lack of proper menstrual hygiene in adolescent period can have an effect on their health. (Abisola Monisola Oladimeji, 2014) Menstrual health issue has remained in dark for a longer period of time in Nepal. Lack of proper education and socio cultural barriers has led to knowledge gap on menstrual hygiene and health amongst adolescent female in Nepal. Objective: The main objective of the study was to assess the knowledge on menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls studying in grade 8 to 10. Methodology: This study was conducted in Nayaran Municipality, Dailekh. Study design was descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population was adolescent girls studying in grades 8 to 10 in selected private schools of Dailekh district, Nepal. The sample size in this study was 173 Original Research Article Thapa and Oli; IJTDH, 42(8): 10-31, 2021; Article no.IJTDH.61093 11 subjects. Data was taken by self-administered questionnaires. Data analysis was done by SPSS, version 21.0. Major Finding: Only 40.6% of respondents had good knowledge on ideal time to change absorbent. 75.8 % respondents were aware of the importance of bathing during menstruation. Around 83.9 % respondents had good knowledge on significance of using clean clothes during menstruation and more than 88 % respondents had good knowledge on menstrual blood. 40% responded that menstrual blood is unhygienic. Out of five menstrual hygiene related questions, good knowledge was found among 48 % respondents while 52 % had poor knowledge. 10-19 agegroup girls had good knowledge on menstrual hygiene than 10-15 years age group. Students of grade 10 had better knowledge among the respondents. Hindu girls had more knowledge than girls of other religion. Similarly, respondents from nuclear family had better knowledge than those of joint family. Higher the monthly income of family, better the knowledge about menstrual hygiene was observed. Girls of parents having higher secondary level education had better knowledge on menstrual hygiene than illiterate, primary and secondary level educated parents.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":"1 1","pages":"10-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48465030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Immunological Status in Occult Hepatitis B Virus-infected Patients Attending Rivers State University Teaching Hospital","authors":"B. Koate, B. Didia, Tombari Pius Monsi, Z. Jeremiah","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I830474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I830474","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is a rare form of infection that is characterized by the presence of replication-competent HBV DNA in the liver but without detectable HBsAg in the serum. \u0000Aim: This study aimed to determine the comparative levels of immunological variables particularly CD4 counts and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts in occult hepatitis B and HBsAg positive subjects among prospective blood donors in Port Harcourt Metropolis in Nigeria. \u0000Methods: The CD4 count and total and differential WBC counts were analyzed with automated techniques using BD Fascount and Sysmex XP-300 respectively. Data were analyzed as mean (standard deviation) and significance was assumed at 95% confidence interval using student t-test and one-way ANOVA on GraphPad prism. \u0000Results: The mean values for CD4, WBC, LYM (lymphocyte), MXD (differential mixed cells), and NEU (neutrophils) were 607±286 µ/l, 16±24 /l, 1.8±0.55 %, 0.46±0.15 % and 3.1±1.1 % respectively for occult hepatitis B subjects; 609±222 µ/l, 5.4±1.7 /l, 2.3±1.2 %, 0.54±0.31 % and 2.7±1.2 % respectively for HbsAg positive subjects and 823±256 µ/l, 10±5.4 /l, 2.4±1.6 %, 0.69±0.49 % and 6.4±4.7 % respectively for hepatitis B negative subjects. CD4 levels for male and female occult hepatitis B subjects are 729±309 µ/l and 461±190 µ/l respectively; 582±210 µ/l and 643±250 µ/l respectively for HBsAg positive subjects while that of hepatitis B negative subjects were 824±305 µ/l and 821±199 µ/l respectively. OBI showed a significant negative association between differential mixed cells and lymphocytes (r= -0.89 and p= 0.001) alone signifying that increment in former could reduce the latter. Only the HBsAg positive subjects showed a significant positive correlation of age to differential mixed cells (r=0.94 and p=0.000) which imply as the age increase the level of differential mixed cells will rise. Again, the HBsAg positive subjects showed a significant positive correlation between the differential mixed cells against neutrophil and WBC (r=0.53 and p=0.050), (r=0.56 and 0.036) respectively. Smoking and alcohol consumption caused raised levels of CD4 cells in OBI. \u0000Conclusion: This study revealed a significant decrease in CD4 count, increase in total WBC and neutrophil counts while lymphocyte counts were decreased in occult hepatitis B subjects. Gender difference affect the level of CD4 cells and significant correlation were observed especially with the differential mixed cells.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49213268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood Neutrophil / Lymphocyte Ratio and C –Reactive Protein / Albumin Ratio as Markers of Response for Treatment of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis","authors":"Marwa Awad Mustafa, M. Mabrouk, Sabry Abou Saif, Nadia Muhammad Elwan","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730473","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is an acute infection of ascites with the absence of surgically treatable cause and the gold standard method in its diagnosis is the presence of 250 polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) /mm3 or more by diagnostic paracentesis. Blood neutrophil/lymphocytic ratio (NLR) is an applicable, inexpensive, and simple test for inflammation. C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) is an inflammatory marker used for the diagnosis and followup of many diseases and morbidities. We aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of both blood NLR and CAR as applicable, simple and non-invasive tests for SBP follow-up. Patients and Methods: This study was done on 80 cirrhotic ascitic patients attending the Tropical Medicine Department of Tanta University Hospital. They were subjected to full history taking, clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and ascitic fluid analysis. The patients were divided into two groups according to the results of diagnostic paracentesis into group I: 40 cirrhotic ascitic patients without spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and group II: 40 cirrhotic ascitic patients with Opinion Article Mustafa et al.; IJTDH, 42(7): 52-62, 2021; Article no.IJTDH.68279 53 spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and then SBP group were tested after treatment by thirdgeneration cephalosporin for five days for ascitic sample, NLR and CAR. Results: Both blood NLR and CAR were significantly higher in SBP patients. Also, a significant decrease in both ratios was observed post-treatment with significant positive correlations between both NLR and CAR with ascitic neutrophil count after SBP treatment. Conclusion: NLR and CAR can be used as quick, cheap, and applicable markers of the response of treatment in SBP patients.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":"1 1","pages":"52-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47764360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Cerebrospinal Meningitis Cases in 2017 Outbreak, Sokoto State, Nigeria: A Secondary Data Analysis","authors":"A. Abubakar, I. Raji, A. Kaoje, U. Ango, M. Abdulkarim, Mohammad Abdulaziz, Abubakar A. Danmafara, Y. Mohammed","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730472","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cerebro-Spinal Meningitis (CSM) is an acute illness affecting surrounding layers of the brain and spinal cord, mostly caused by bacterial infection. The disease is responsible for the occurrence of epidemic meningitis in the African Meningitic belt. For many years, this region has experienced a large serogroup A epidemic every 7-10 years. A sharp decrease in the number of reported cases was demonstrated in countries where Men Afrivac has been introduced. However, serogroup replacement with serotype C was noted in the region, which has posed a serious threat to eliminating CSM epidemics. We describe the characteristics of cerebrospinal meningitis cases in the 2017 outbreak in Sokoto state, Nigeria. \u0000Methodology: We obtained CSM data from the state epidemiology unit from 7th February to 24th May 2017. We extracted data on demographic characteristics, clinical features, case management and outcome of cases. We used Microsoft Excel and SPSS to analyze the data for proportions, cross-tabulations and chi-square test to find associations between variables. \u0000Results: A total of 4969 CSM cases were recorded, with 283 deaths (case fatality rate: 5.7%). The cumulative attack rate was 96.4/ 100,000 populations. The highest proportion of cases was among ≥ the 15-year age group 2063(41.5%), and males were more affected, 2843(57.2%). Of the total 4969 suspected CSM cases, specimens were collected for only 225 (4.4%) cases, of which 58 (25.8%) were positive. Most 48 (82.8%) of the positive specimen were of NmC serotype. Only age was found to predict outcome (aOR: 1.52; 95% CI= 1.18 – 1.97). \u0000Conclusion: Sokoto State outbreak of Cerebro-spinal meningitis in 2017 was huge and largely caused by NmC. Those aged less than 15 years might be at higher risk of dying from CSM and we therefore recommend that specific preventive interventions such as vaccination and awareness creation should target this age group.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46230964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WHO Five Keys to Safer Food Handling: Knowledge and Practice among Food Handlers in Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto, Nigeria","authors":"I. Raji, O. Oche, A. Kaoje, Y. Mohammed, B. Isah, M. Raji, K. Awosan, A. Abubakar, Amina Mohmmed","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730470","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The (WHO) developed the five keys to safer food which was designed to be practical and straightforward for food handlers. In recognition of the role they play in preventing Foodborne Disease (FBD) outbreak. In this study, we aimed to determine the knowledge and practice of the Original Research Article Raji et al.; IJTDH, 42(7): 32-42, 2021; Article no.IJTDH.68892 33 five keys to safer food among food handlers in food establishments in Sokoto Metropolis, Nigeria. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study between August and November 2019. We recruited 366 food handlers working in restaurants using a multistage sampling technique. We assessed knowledge and practice of five keys to safer food, and we examined the predictors of knowledge among the participants using chi-square and binary logistic regression at a 5% level of significance. Results: More than two-thirds, 288 (78.7%) less than 40 years and less than half, 163 (44.5%), were involved in cooking the food. One hundred and twenty-seven (34.7%) have greater than five years’ experience. Overall, less than one-quarter, 87 (23.8%) had good knowledge of the five keys to safer food handling. One hundred and thirty-two (36.1%) wash hands before and during preparation most times. Two hundred and fifty-three (69.1%) never wash their hands after using the toilet, and 144 (39.3%).Age (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]: 10.05; 95% CI = 4.0 21.04), gender (aOR: 2.70 95CI = 1.44 5.09) and Education (aOR: 3.67; 95% CI = 1.92 7.01) were significant predictors of knowledge. Conclusion: There is poor knowledge, and most of the practices of the five keys to safer food were below the required for food safety. Therefore, we recommend that the Sokoto state ministry of health coordinate training interventions on five keys to safer food with particular attention to those older than 40 years and those without formal education.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":"1 1","pages":"32-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42588219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness, Ownership and Utilization of Insecticide Treated Nets against Malaria Vectors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Awka Metropolis, Anambra State, Nigeria","authors":"A. C. Onyebueke, A. Umeobieri, K. C. Irikannu","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730469","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To determine the level, sources of awareness, ownership and utilization of Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) by pregnant women, according to age, parity, trimester, occupation and hospital attended. Study Design: The study was a cross sectional survey of 577 randomly selected pregnant women who were attending antenatal clinic in different hospitals in Awka Metropolis, Anambra State, Nigeria. Duration of Study: The study was conducted in February 2016. Materials and Methods: A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the study participants. Results: Of a total of 577 respondents, 566(98.1%) had previous knowledge of ITNs while only 11(1.9%) had no prior knowledge. Also, 218(38.5%) had heard about ITNs from Radio, 184(32.5%) from Television, while 374(66.1%) from Antenatal clinics. A total of 217(46.2%) obtained at least Original Research Article Onyebueke et al.; IJTDH, 42(7): 22-31, 2021; Article no.IJTDH.68699 23 one net at antenatal clinic, 39(8.3%) purchased at least one of the ITNs owned, 49(10.4%) received the net at their Local Government Headquarters while 263(66.9%) received at least one by free distribution at other locations. Respondents from government owned Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital (COOUTH) had the highest ownership rate of 92.7%, while least 65.0% was observed at the privately owned Divine Hospital and Maternity. The ownership of ITNs was dependent on the hospital as there was a significant difference (X2=56.374, df=2, p < .05). Age group 25–34 years had the highest ownership rate of 87.1% while the least 72.8% was in age group 15–24 years. Women in age group 35–44 years had the highest utilization rate of 52.3% while least usage rate was in age group 15-24 years and there was a significant difference (X2=7.042, df=2, p < .05). Conclusion: Public health educators, Doctors and Antenatal heads need to do more in sensitization on the importance of utilization of ITNs during pregnancy for protection against malaria vectors.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":"1 1","pages":"22-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44095470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of Cancer in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital","authors":"C. Owobu, A. Azeke, Victor Valentine Ideiyenmin, Orume Enegbuya, A. Owobu, Ehioze Matthew Isoa, E. Tagar, E. Ozah, A. Igbe, R. Eifediyi, M. Odike","doi":"10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/IJTDH/2021/V42I730468","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To reveal the pattern and trend of cancer in a predominantly rural population in Nigeria and compare the findings with those of earlier researches across the world. Study Design: A descriptive retrospective analysis of all cancer cases seen among surgical specimens in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. The cancer cases are classified according to the organ/tissue involved and the data obtained were analysed using SPSS (version 25). Place and Duration of Study: The Department of Anatomic Pathology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Nigeria; between January 2011 and December 2020. Results: A total of 9,058 histologic samples were reviewed out of which 1,474 (16.27%) were cancer cases. The yearly number of cancer cases increased from 85 in 2011, to 258 over the next 10-year study period. At variance with WHO 2020 GLOBOCAN worldwide estimates, the common Original Research Article Owobu et al.; IJTDH, 42(7): 14-21, 2021; Article no.IJTDH.68470 15 cancer types seen in this study (both sexes combined) were prostate cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer and non-melanoma skin cancer, in decreasing frequencies. The peak age of occurrence was the 7th decade while the mean age was 54.21 years, and the genderspecific mean ages for males and females were 59.92 years and 49.44 years respectively. The male to female ratio was 1:1.2 and males are more likely to be diagnosed of cancer approximately 10 years later than their female counterparts. Conclusion: Many of the findings in this study are similar to those of previous researches across the country. It is our hope that the findings in this study would contribute to national data and be found useful in efforts to build a more inclusive and robust national system of cancer registration.","PeriodicalId":90555,"journal":{"name":"International journal of tropical disease & health","volume":"1 1","pages":"14-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49372468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}