BMC Proceedings最新文献

{"title":"Universal health coverage: a commitment to essential surgical, obstetric, and anesthesia care, World Health Summit 2021 (PD 20).","authors":"Manon Pigeolet, Selam Degu, Isabella Faria, Matthew T Hey, Tayana Jean-Pierre, Don E Lucerno-Prisno, Ali Jafarian, Natalia Kanem, John G Meara, Lia Tadesse Gebremedhin, Cherian Varghese, Tarsicio Uribe-Leitz, Kee B Park","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00258-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12919-023-00258-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 6","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10337045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community centred co-design methodology for designing and implementing socio-behavioural interventions to counter COVID-19 related misinformation among marginalized population living in the squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan: a methodology paper.","authors":"Rubina Qasim, Waqas Ahmed Farooqui, Atiya Rahman, Rukhsana Haroon, Madiha Saleem, Muhammad Rafique, Fiza Noor, Afifa Ghani, Muhammad Yaqoob, Uday Narayan Yadav, Mohammad T Yousafzai","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00265-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12919-023-00265-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Misinformation regarding COVID-19 pandemic and vaccination is damaging COVID-19 vaccine trust and acceptance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). Identification of misinformation and designing locally acceptable solutions are needed to improve COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. This study aimed to utilize community-led co-design methodology to evaluate misinformation regarding COVID-19 and develop contextual interventions to address misinformation in a marginalized peri urban slum communities of Landhi town Karachi, Pakistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted between January and December 2021, in marginalized peri-urban slum dwellers of Muslimabad Colony, Landhi Town Karachi, Pakistan. We used a community-centred co-design methodology embedded within mixed study design to identify misinformation, co-design, test and implement locally acceptable solutions. The co-design methodology involved five stages of the design thinking model: (1) Empathize, (2) Define, (3) Ideate, (4) Prototype, and (5) Test. The project involved active engagement and participation of wide range of stakeholders and community beneficiaries (end users) including local EPI vaccinators, informal healthcare workers, religious leaders (male and female), schoolteachers (male and female), local government representatives, community leaders, housewives, youth, and general population. To develop a trusting relationship, and understand local culture, values, practices, and traditions, we allowed one month of observation period (observe, engage, watch, and listen) in the beginning, followed by door-to-door survey along with focus group discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews (IDI) at baseline. Co-design workshops (separate for male and female) were conducted at each stage of co-design methodology to design and test locally acceptable solutions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Community-centred co-design methodology was not only successful in designing, testing, and evaluating locally acceptable solutions but it also actively engaged and empowered the marginalized population living in peri urban slum communities of Karachi, Pakistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 7","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10337047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9806610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccination in health workers in Eastern and Southern Africa.","authors":"Helena Ballester Bon, Symen A Brouwers, Jenna Mote, Sofia de Almeida, Laurie Markle, Silvia Sommariva, Natalie Fol","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00262-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12919-023-00262-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2021, twenty out of twenty-one countries in the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) region introduced COVID-19 vaccines. With variable willingness to uptake vaccines across countries, the aim of the present study was to better understand factors that impact behavioral and social drivers of vaccination (BeSD). Using the theory-based \"increasing vaccination model\", the drivers Thinking & Feeling, Social Processes, Motivation, and Practical Issues were adapted to the COVID-19 context and utilized in a cross-country assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data was collected on 27.240 health workers in Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa and South Sudan. This was done by administering a survey of seven target questions via the UNICEF Internet of Good Things (IoGT) online platform between February and August 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings showed a gap between perceived importance and trust in vaccines: Most health workers thought Covid-19 vaccination was very important for their health, while less than 30% trusted it very much. The pro-vaccination social and work norm was not well established since almost 66% of all respondents would take the vaccine if recommended to them, but only 49% thought most adults would, and only 48% thought their co-workers would. Access was highlighted as a crucial barrier, with less than a quarter reporting that accessing vaccination services for themselves would be very easy. Women exhibited slightly lower scores than men across the board. When testing the associations between drivers in Kenya and South Africa, it appears that when target interventions are developed for specific age groups, social norms become the main drivers of intention to get vaccinated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study revealed various key relations with demographic variables that would help immunization programmes and implementing partners to develop targeted interventions. First, there is a serious gap between perceived importance of COVID-19 vaccines and how much trust people in them. Second, problems with access are still rather serious and solving this would strongly benefit those who demand a vaccine, Third, the role of social norms is the most important predictor of willingness when considering age differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 7","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10337050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9819474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social network analysis of COVID-19 vaccine YouTube videos in Odisha, India: mapping the channel network and analyzing comment sentiment.","authors":"Neil Alperstein, Paola Pascual-Ferrá, Rohini Ganjoo, Ananya Bhaktaram, Julia Burleson, Daniel J Barnett, Amelia M Jamison, Eleanor Kluegel, Satyanarayan Mohanty, Peter Z Orton, Manoj Parida, Sidharth Rath, Rajiv Rimal","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00260-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12919-023-00260-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>India has reported more than 35 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and nearly half a million cumulative deaths. Although vaccination rates for the first vaccine dose are quite high, one-third of the population has not received a second shot. Due to its widespread use and popularity, social media can play a vital role in enhancing vaccine acceptance. This study in a real-world setting utilizes YouTube videos in Odisha, India where the platform has deep penetration among the 18-35 target population, and secondarily their family and peers. Two contrasting videos were launched on the YouTube platform to examine how those videos operate within the broader recommender and subscription systems that determine the audience reach. Video analytics, algorithms for recommended videos, visual representation of connections created, centrality between the networks, and comment analysis was conducted. The results indicate that the video with a non-humorous tone and collectivistic appeal delivered by a female protagonist performed best with regard to views and time spent watching the videos. The results are of significance to health communicators who seek to better understand the platform mechanisms that determine the spread of videos and measures of viewer reactions based on viewer sentiment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 7","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10329293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9804852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from panel survey data.","authors":"Philip Wollburg, Yannick Markhof, Shelton Kanyanda, Alberto Zezza","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00266-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12919-023-00266-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 vaccination efforts are lagging in Sub-Saharan Africa, as just over 20 percent of the population has been fully vaccinated. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is considered important as a prerequisite for widespread vaccine take-up. Here, we study the dynamics of vaccine acceptance, its correlates, and reasons for hesitancy over time, drawing on two years of panel survey data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational study, we use multiple rounds of data from national High Frequency Phone Surveys (HFPS) in five countries in East and West Africa (Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria, and Uganda), covering a period between 2020 and 2022. The surveys are cross-country comparable and draw their samples from nationally representative sampling frames. Based on this data source, the study presents population-weighted means and performs multivariate regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was high throughout the study period (68% to 98%). However, acceptance levels were lower in 2022 than in 2020 in three countries (Burkina Faso, Malawi, Nigeria), and higher in one country (Uganda). Moreover, individuals are observed to change their stated vaccine attitudes between survey rounds, to a limited extent in some countries (Ethiopia) and more frequently in others (Burkina Faso, Malawi, Nigeria, Uganda). Vaccine hesitancy is higher in richer households, and those residing in urban areas; among women and those better educated. Hesitancy is lower in larger households and among heads of the household. The main reasons for hesitancy are concerns about side effects of the vaccine, its safety and efficacy, as well as assessments of COVID-19 risk, though these reasons fluctuate over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reported COVID-19 vaccine acceptance levels remain far above vaccination rates in the study countries, suggesting that vaccine hesitancy is not the primary obstacle to reaching greater vaccine coverage, which may instead be related to access and delivery barriers as well as supply shortages. Nevertheless, vaccine attitudes appear malleable so that continued efforts are needed to retain high levels of vaccine acceptance.</p>","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 7","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10324117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9806338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated analysis of online signals and insight generation about digital conversations on COVID-19 vaccines in Eastern and Southern Africa: a longitudinal analysis of social listening data.","authors":"Silvia Sommariva, Helena Ballester Bon, Sofia De Almeida, Jenna Mote, Sijmen Brouwers, Massimiliano Sani, Natalie Fol","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00261-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12919-023-00261-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, social listening programs across digital channels have become an integral part of health preparedness and response planning, allowing to capture and address questions, information needs, and misinformation shared by users. This study identifies key social listening trends around COVID-19 vaccines in Eastern and Southern Africa and analyses how online conversations about this issue evolved over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A taxonomy developed and refined in collaboration with social and behaviour change teams was used to filter online conversations into nine subtopic categories. The taxonomy was applied to online content tracked in 21 countries in Eastern and Southern Africa over the period December 1, 2020-December 31, 2021. Metrics captured included volume of posts or articles and related user engagement. Qualitative analysis of content was conducted to identify key concerns, information voids and misinformation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over 300,000 articles and posts about COVID-19 vaccines shared by users or outlets geolocated in the region were analysed. These results generated over 14 million engagements on social media and digital platforms. The analysis shows how conversations about access and availability of vaccines represented the largest share of engagement over the course of the period. Conversations about vaccine effectiveness and safety represented the second and third largest share of engagement, with peaks observed in August and November 2021. Online interest in childhood vaccination increased over time as vaccine eligibility criteria expanded in some countries in the region. Conversations mentioning mandates and certificates peaked in the last quarter of 2021, as governments as private sector entities expanded vaccine requirements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this study show the importance of monitoring conversation trends over time and adjust social listening data collection systems to include emerging topics. The study also points to the need to consider concerns, information voids and misinformation around effectiveness and safety of vaccines in the context of overall concern for vaccine availability and access in Eastern and Southern Africa. This is fundamental to inform social and behaviour change strategies that promote vaccine demand effectively, without increasing public frustration over vaccine availability challenges and downplaying concerns around vaccine equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 7","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10318632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9812009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using community theater to improve demand for vaccination services in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria.","authors":"Chijioke Chikere Kaduru, Geraldine Chinonso Mbagwu, Dumale Koko Aadum, Ganiyat Eshikhena, Godwin Anusa Idim, Uche Francis Ibe, Timiebiere Sabenus, Fofah Gawain Jenson, Edmund Egbe, Neni Aworabhi-Oki, Happiness Masa, Martins Bekesu, Abisoye Sunday Oyeyemi","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00263-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12919-023-00263-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite abundant evidence showing immunization as a lifesaving public health measure, a large proportion of Nigerian children are still not or fully vaccinated. Lack of awareness and distrust of the immunization process by caregivers are some of the reasons for poor immunization coverage which need to be addressed. This study aimed at improving vaccination demand, acceptance and uptake in Bayelsa and Rivers State, both in the Niger Delta Region (NDR) of Nigeria through a human-centered process of trust building, education and social support.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental intervention christened Community Theater for Immunization (CT4I) was deployed in 18 selected communities between November 2019 and May 2021 in the two states. In the intervention localities, relevant stakeholders including the leadership of the health system, community leaders, health workers and community members were engaged and actively involved in the design and performance of the theaters. The content for the theater showcased real stories, using a human-centered design (HCD) of ideation, co-creation, rapid prototyping, feedback collection and iteration. Pre- and post-intervention data on the demand and utilization of vaccination services were collected using a mixed method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the two states, 56 immunization managers and 59 traditional and religious leaders were engaged. Four broad themes implicating user and provider factors emerged from the 18 focus group discussions as responsible for low immunization uptake in the communities. Of the 217 caregivers trained on routine immunization and theater performances, 72% demonstrated a knowledge increase at the post-test. A total of 29 performances attended by 2,258 women were staged with 84.2% of the attendees feeling satisfied. At the performances, 270 children received vaccine shots (23% were zero-dose). There was a 38% increase in the proportion of fully immunized children in the communities and 9% decline in the proportion of zero-dose children from baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both demand- and supply-side factors were identified as responsible for poor vaccination in the intervention communities. Our intervention demonstrates that caregivers will demand immunization services if they are engaged through community theater using a human-centered design (HCD). We recommend a scaling up of HCD to address the challenge of vaccine hesitancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 7","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10316554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leading from the frontlines: community-oriented approaches for strengthening vaccine delivery and acceptance.","authors":"Baldeep K Dhaliwal, Rajeev Seth, Betty Thankachen, Yawar Qaiyum, Svea Closser, Tyler Best, Anita Shet","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00259-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12919-023-00259-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although immunization is one of the most successful public health interventions, vaccine hesitancy and the COVID-19 pandemic have strained health systems, contributing to global reductions in immunization coverage. Existing literature suggests that involving community members in vaccine interventions has been beneficial, but efforts to facilitate community ownership to motivate vaccine acceptance have been limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our research leveraged community-based participatory research to closely involve the community from conception to implementation of an intervention to facilitate vaccine acceptance in Mewat District in Haryana, an area in India with extremely low vaccination coverage. Through the development of a community accountability board, baseline data collection on vaccination barriers and facilitators, and two human-centered design workshops, our team co-created a six-pronged intervention with community leaders and community health workers. This intervention included involving religious leaders in vaccine discussions, creating pamphlets of local vaccine champions for dissemination to parent and child caregivers, creating short videos of local leaders advocating for vaccines, implementing communication training exercises for community health workers, and implementing strategies to strengthen coordination between health workers and supervisors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-intervention data suggested parents and child caregivers had improvements in knowledge of the purpose of vaccines and side effects of vaccines. They noted that the involvement of religious leaders was beneficial, they were more willing to travel to vaccinate their children, and they had fewer non-logistical reasons to refuse vaccination services. Interviews with community leaders and community health workers who were involved in the creation of the intervention suggested that they experienced higher levels of ownership, they were better equipped to address community concerns, and that vaccine misinformation decreased in the post-intervention period.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through this unique intervention to strengthen vaccine uptake that incorporated the needs, interests, and expertise of local community members, we developed a community-driven approach to strengthen vaccine acceptance in a population with low uptake. This comprehensive approach is essential to amplify local voices, identify local concerns and advocates, and leverage bottom-up strategies to co-design successful interventions to facilitate long-term change.</p>","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 7","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10311705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing a decade of research at the Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology in Kathmandu, Nepal: Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference ICBB-2022.","authors":"","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00252-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12919-023-00252-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 3","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10236390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9933390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meeting Abstracts from the 8th Annual Atlantic Corridor Medical Student Research Conference.","authors":"","doi":"10.1186/s12919-023-00253-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12919-023-00253-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9046,"journal":{"name":"BMC Proceedings","volume":"17 Suppl 4","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10191678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9500777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}