Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine最新文献

{"title":"High Level of miR-18a Promote Radiotherapy Progress in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"D. H., Xiaobo Z, P. W., Zujun Y, Xue L","doi":"10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1080","url":null,"abstract":"Palliative radiotherapy has become an important treatment way for local control of advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Current investigation aims to clarify miR-18a as a predictor of radiotherapy sensitivity, its cutoff value for predicting response. 70 patients with NSCLC were enrolled for radiotherapy during the period of 2018-2020. The level of miR-18a in blood were detected by using Quantitative PCR. Another seven variances including age, sex, smoking history, pathologic stage, radiation therapy days, radiation dosage and radiation type were enrolled to predict radiation therapy response. The level of hasmiR- 18a showed higher in patients with poor effects after radiation therapy (P<0.001). The optimal cut-off value of 18.287 for miR-18a alone with AUC of 0.879 (95% confidence interval, 0.8-0.958) can predict the radiation therapy effectiveness. Hsa-mir-18a is significantly positive (β1=-0.2845, P=0.0001) in logistical regression model AUC of 0.89 (95% confidence interval, 0.811-0.97). Hsa-mir-18a is the most important factors in random forest model with an AUC of 0.69 (95% confidence interval, 0.6-0.82) for predicting the radiation therapy effectiveness. High expressed hsa-mir-18a positively correlated with radiation therapy progress in patients with advanced NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84198513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Amyloidosis with Multiple Cystic Lesions with Central Calcifications","authors":"F. C., Bénière C, Perentes Jy, Christodoulou M","doi":"10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1078","url":null,"abstract":"A non-smoker 80-year old woman with a past medical history of inactive and untreated systemic lupus erythematous diagnosed in 1983 and polymyalgia rheumatica treated with prednisone (3 mg once daily) since 2018, was referred to our emergency department because of left-sided chest pain and dyspnoea. She presented no cough, weight loss or fever and there was no history of Sjogren’s syndrome. Complete blood count was unremarkable and no inflammatory syndrome was observed. A chest CT-scan revealed multiple diffuse cystic parenchymal lesions with thin walls and central nodular calcifications in both lungs (Figure 1A). The sputum culture was negative for mycobacterium tuberculosis, legionella pneumophilia, mycoplasma pneumonia, chlamydia pneumonia, coronavirus, echinococcosis and aspergillus. Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) and anti-Ku tests were positive whereas anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) and anti-nucleoprotein tests were negative. The preoperative pulmonary function tests showed a FEV1 of 78% and a DLCO of 73% of the predicted values.","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78564025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eagerness to Acceptance of Covid-19 Vaccine among Health Care Workers in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. An Online Based Cross-Sectional Study, 2021","authors":"Gudisa Bereda, Gemechis Bereda","doi":"10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1077","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to continue to impose enormous burdens of morbidity and mortality while severely disrupting societies and economies worldwide. Vaccines are a key strategy to stop the escalation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Vaccines are the effective way to control and prevent a several diseases, save lives, and reducing current health emergency, as well as increasing the immunity of the population. Objective: To find out eagerness to acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among health care workers in oromia regional state, Ethiopia: An online-based cross-sectional study. Methods: An online based cross sectional study design were carried out from April 18, 2021 to June 19, 2021. Data was collected through employing online questioner, and then the collected data were coded and analyzed by statistical packages for social sciences 25.0 version statistical software. The statistical significance was set at a P-value ≤0.05. Findings: The current study revealed that 178 (42.2%) of health care workers intended to receive the COVID-19 vaccines. The results of our study showed that the majority of participants don’t believe that COVID-19 vaccine is effective and safe (n=279.66.1%), and couldn’t save lives (n=228, 54.1%). Factors such as age group >55 (AOR: 2.75; 95% CI: 1.092-5.472; P=0.008), Female(AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.243-2.796; P=0.003), nurses (AOR: 2.17; 95% CI: 0.621-5.087; P=0.0094) and midwives (AOR: 2.521; 95% CI: 2.497-8.24; P=0.0002), married (AOR: 1.74; 95% CI: 0.218-4.530; P=0.006), health care workers who had contact with COVID-19 patient were twice as likely to accept the vaccine (AOR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.360- 3.784; P=0.0001) and health care workers who indicated that they had more serious medical condition (AOR: 2.61; 95% CI: 0.981-3.618; P=0.007) proved to be significant predictors of the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine. Factors such as taking vitamin C (AOR: 1.624; 95% CI: 0.945-2.596; P=0.0003), poor safety of vaccines (AOR: 7.041; 95% CI: 3.692-13.375; P=0.000), those believe effective medicine avail for treating COVID-19 (AOR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.596-3.485; P=0.0076), no adequate trials about COVID-19 (AOR: 7.041; 95% CI: 3.692-13.375; P=0.000), and unwanted side effects of the vaccines (AOR: 3.422; 95% CI: 1.448-8.096; P=0.005) were identified as indicators why health care workers would decline uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion and Recommendation: Our survey revealed that the eagerness to acceptance of covid-19 vaccine among health care workers in oromia regional state was somewhat meagre. Nurses and Midwives were more likely to accept the COVID-19 vaccines than others health care workers. Oromia health bureau should have to give training about COVID-19 vaccine to all health care workers.","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83808588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Its Association with Lung Cancer: Molecular Mechanism and Therapeutic Targets","authors":"S. G, Rakshit S, S. K.","doi":"10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1074","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Lung cancer are the major reasons for lung disease-related mortality worldwide. Chronic inflammation is a key attribute of COPD and a potential driver of lung carcinogenesis. Among various environmental risk factors, cigarette smoke plays a crucial role in the development and progression of COPD and lung cancer. Several epidemiological studies show that COPD patients are at a greater risk of developing lung cancer independently of cigarette smoking which suggests the role of genetic predisposition in the disease development. Uncovering the mechanistic link between these two diseases is hampered due to their heterogeneous nature: each is characterized by several sub-phenotypes of diseases. This review focuses on the nature of the link between the two diseases and specific mechanisms that occur in both COPD and lung cancer, some of the therapeutic targets which are currently employed, and the role of gene-editing technology to combat these debilitating lung-inflammatory disorders.","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74387285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to Start Up: CT-Basted Radiomics in Children’s Lung Diseases","authors":"Y. Zhang, X. Ma, C. Zhao","doi":"10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1073","url":null,"abstract":"Radiomics is a new interdisciplinary field and a fusion product consisting by large data technology and medical image to aid diagnosis. Radiomics can gather information from different medical imaging (i.e. CT, PET, MRI, ultrasound) for deeper excavation, predict and analyse to quantify disease characteristics, establish disease models, and identify new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to assist physicians in making the most accurate diagnosis [1,2]. Recently, it has evolved into a method which consisted of imaging, gene, and clinical information for auxiliary diagnosis, analysis and prediction. CT-basted radiomics has significant advantages in the study of lung diseases due to its high resolution for lung tissue, which represents a great potential for accurate diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases [3,4]. Accurate diagnosis is a difficult problem in pediatric imaging. In the era of precision medicine, the development of CT-basted radiomics brings challenges and opportunities for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of children’s lung diseases. At present, the application of radiomics to the thorax is almost exclusively focused on lung cancer, specifically, the detection of lung cancer, prediction of histology and subtype, prediction of prognosis, and assessment of treatment effect [5], which has shown independent prognosis and prediction capacity in many tumors and played a very important role in increasing the accuracy of diagnosis, reducing the application rate of invasive examination, and assessing the risk of lung cancer progression [6,7]. In addition, imageology has also been used to predict lung cancer gene phenotype and mutation [8]. Some studies have been carried out in pulmonary inflammation disease including infectious pneumonia, interstitial pneumonie, chronic lung injury and chronic pulmonary diseases. By extracting characteristics of image area of lesion and using computer-assisted texture-based image analysis, quantitative assessment of highresolution computed tomography and disease assessment can be realized adequately in general interstitial pneumonie [9]. the accuracy rate of classification for the image area of ground-glass opacity lesion was 70.7%.In addition, different image group labels can extract different image group characteristics, which can be used to identify chronic lung injury and pneumonia [10]. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), as a common disease in respiratory department, is caused by small airway disease (obstructive bronchitis) and lung parenchymal destruction (emphysema). However, the proportions of lesion in COPD patients were different [11]. As the development of CT-basted radiomics, the mathematical model of airway function based on standard vital capacity can be used to analyze the existence and severity of emphysema in patients with COPD [12]. The volume of pulmonary emphysema and air-trapping retention in patients with COPD can also be quantified and positioned relatively by using the p","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76908958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of COPD Overdiagnosis as an Important Factor in COPD Readmission","authors":"S. Pandey, S. Ojha","doi":"10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/austinjpulmrespirmed.2021.1072","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The Hospital Readmission Reduction Program (HRRP) was established in 2012 to improve health care by linking payment to the quality of hospital care. Readmission is considered a hospital care quality measure. Under the program, hospitals are penalized for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) readmission, which incentivizes improved care to avoid financial penalties. The effect of COPD overdiagnosis on COPD readmission has not been studied. Objective: The study aims to assess the effect of COPD overdiagnosis in outpatient and inpatient settings on hospital COPD readmissions. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study and examined outpatient and inpatient settings for COPD overdiagnosis. In the outpatient setting, we collected all COPD referrals to our clinic and reviewed charts to determine if those patients had COPD or an alternate diagnosis after our workup. We also studied 3-year inpatient data from January 2015 to March 2018 on hospital readmissions and extracted COPD readmissions. For patients seen by a pulmonary provider in our clinic, we studied patients’ pulmonary function test/ spirometry results and charts and determined if they had a true COPD diagnosis or an overdiagnosis. We also assessed the effect of COPD overdiagnosis on inflation of COPD readmission numbers. Results: Of patients referred to our clinic, 46% did not have COPD on our workup. Among inpatients, our results revealed that preventing COPD overdiagnosis could have reduced admissions attributable to COPD by 22.6%. Conclusion: Correct diagnosis using the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria is an inexpensive way for hospitals to avoid readmission penalties.","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84137847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Remdesivir in COVID-19","authors":"Sumera Shaeen, N. Sattar, Mohammad A. A. Ibrahim, Muhammad Irfan","doi":"10.26420/AUSTINJPULMRESPIRMED.2021.1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/AUSTINJPULMRESPIRMED.2021.1071","url":null,"abstract":"Remdesivir is an antiviral drug showed broad spectrum against viruses, also RNA polymerase inhibitor that’s why use to treat a variety of RNA virus infections. It is considered to be more effective against family of respiratory infection causing viruses including corona virus as compared to those whom it was originally synthesized like Hepatitis C and common cold viruses. On October 8, 2020, The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has completed trials on COVID-19 patients and found Remdesivir satisfactory and beneficiary choice towards the recovery stairs of COVID-19. The pandemic of Covid-19 might wean down by season, but the possibility of reoccurrence exists. Thus, future clearance of Remdesivir might be critical for ensuring effective treatment, diminish mortality and permit early release.","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80982619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction Model of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome for Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19 Pneumonia","authors":"J. Zhang, F. Wang, C. Yang, X. Jiang, L. Su, Z. Peng, X. Liu, J. Yang","doi":"10.26420/AUSTINJPULMRESPIRMED.2021.1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/AUSTINJPULMRESPIRMED.2021.1070","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 pneumonia has become a worldwide epidemic. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a major cause of mortality. Early recognition the risk of ARDS of COVID-19 patients is vital. Methods: Descriptive study from Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Wuhan Fourth Hospital. 394 consecutive hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection from January 1 to March 15, 2020. Results: We developed a risk prediction model of ARDS for COVID-19 among 394 enrolled patients. The variables included in the model were sex, age, diabetes mellitus, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, serum urea levels, and pulmonary lesion range. The model performed well in predicting ARDS occurrence with excellent discrimination (C-stat=0.81) and appropriate calibration. The predictive value of our model was better than that of the Lung Injury Prediction Score (LIPS) in the discovery set [AUC: 0.77 (0.71, 0.82) vs 0.68 (0.61, 0.75), P=0.02]. Conclusions: Our prediction model provides clinicians and researchers a simple tool to screen for COVID-19 patients at high risk of ARDS. Potential clinical benefits of using this model deserve assessment.","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76864001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Look at the COVID-19 Pandemic with an Open Mind","authors":"Klepikov I","doi":"10.26420/AUSTINJPULMRESPIRMED.2021.1068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26420/AUSTINJPULMRESPIRMED.2021.1068","url":null,"abstract":"AP: Acute Pneumonia; COVID-19: Coronavirus Disease; SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; MERS: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80316368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appropriate use of inhaler devices","authors":"pMarousa Kouvelap","doi":"10.4172/2161-105X-C2-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-105X-C2-030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90449,"journal":{"name":"Austin journal of pulmonary and respiratory medicine","volume":"08 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88473782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}