{"title":"Situation awareness catches on: what? so what? now what?","authors":"Y. Tenney, R. Pew","doi":"10.1177/1557234X0600200102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557234X0600200102","url":null,"abstract":"Human factors/ergonomics professionals regularly study the situation awareness (SA) problems of pilots, air traffic controllers, automobile drivers, power plant workers, ambulance dispatchers, urban search and rescue professionals, and unmanned vehicle operators, to mention a few. The challenge has been to define SA operationally and devise measurement strategies that focus on attention and recall on the one hand and relevant actions on the other. Although there have been many successes, challenges remain. This review is organized in three parts. Under \"What?\" we discuss definitions of SA, their interpretations in terms of human information processing and ecological psychological theories, as well as techniques for measuring SA. Under \"So what?\" we introduce SA applications'information requirements, technological tools, and training systems'that support the way people work and live. Finally, under \"Now what?\" we discuss future directions for SA research. Keywords: Driver distraction; Language: en","PeriodicalId":90321,"journal":{"name":"Review of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557234X0600200102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65552784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multidimensional Aspects of Slips and Falls","authors":"K. Gielo-Perczak, Wayne S. Maynard, A. Domenico","doi":"10.1177/1557234X0600200107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557234X0600200107","url":null,"abstract":"The study of slips and falls has traditionally focused on body kinematics and tribology. However, this strictly mechanical approach does not allow scientists to assess the importance of each component in relation to the complete system, and thus it lacks integration. The purpose of this chapter is to present and demonstrate the components of a broad analysis for in-depth understanding of slips and falls while walking on level surfaces. In most slip-and-fall studies, balance analysis is simplified and attributed to the point of heel contact. To determine sufficient fall prevention strategies, however, one must analyze balance before the critical moment of lost control. Such an approach requires the sciences of biomechanics, mechanics, anatomy, and neuromuscular control, as well as tribology. Causes of slips and falls are complex, and prevention approaches are often reactive, driven by high-injury trends and lawsuits. Prevention strategies need to be more proactive: Understanding the causes of accidents can...","PeriodicalId":90321,"journal":{"name":"Review of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"2 1","pages":"165-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557234X0600200107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65552892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Protection and Enhancement of Hearing in Noise","authors":"J. Casali, S. Gerges","doi":"10.1177/1557234X0600200108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557234X0600200108","url":null,"abstract":"Humans are subjected to noise in many occupational, military, transportation, recreational, and other settings, sometimes with attendant ill effects. Some noises may pose the threat of inducing hearing loss; most noises compromise one's ability to hear signals and other desirable sounds, as well as to communicate via speech. In this chapter, we review the role of noise in human hearing impairment and its effects on signal audibility and speech intelligibility, task performance, and nonauditory responses. Particular emphasis is paid to the needs of the human factors/ergonomics practitioner who is confronted with the objective of protecting individuals' hearing in noise, designing signals so that they are audible and recognizable, and in general, optimizing the use of the auditory sense under poor acoustic conditions. In addition to providing guidance and consensus standards for auditory danger signal design, we provide a review of new technologies in augmented hearing protection. These technologies are aim...","PeriodicalId":90321,"journal":{"name":"Review of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"2 1","pages":"195-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557234X0600200108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65553000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Designing Effective Warnings","authors":"K. Laughery, M. Wogalter","doi":"10.1177/1557234X0600200109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1557234X0600200109","url":null,"abstract":"Since the early 1980s there has been an increased interest in research on warnings. This chapter has several objectives. First, we describe the purpose of warnings and where warnings fit with other safety considerations, such as design and guarding. Next, we present a model that incorporates both communication and information-processing concepts, which is characteristic of theoretical orientations that have guided much of the warning research. The research and application issues have generally focused on two themes: design factors and non-design factors that influence warning effectiveness. Third, we review the progress and status of research and application, with an emphasis on identifying those factors that appear to be most important in determining warning effectiveness. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of some of the challenges and opportunities facing warning designers and researchers in the future. Language: en","PeriodicalId":90321,"journal":{"name":"Review of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"2 1","pages":"241-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1557234X0600200109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65553013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reducing and Mitigating Human Error in Medicine","authors":"D. Morrow, R. North, C. Wickens","doi":"10.1518/155723405783703019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1518/155723405783703019","url":null,"abstract":"Although precise definitions and models of human error in medicine remain elusive, there is little doubt that adverse events, sometimes involving human error, threaten patient safety and can be addressed by human factors approaches to error. In this chapter, we combine an information-processing framework that identifies perceptual, cognitive, and behavioral requirements of operators involved in health care activities with a system-based perspective that helps define when these needs are met by the health care context. We focus on errors and adverse events related to four broad areas of medical activities: medical device use, medication use, team collaboration, and diagnostic/decision support. For each area, we review evidence for specific error types, operator and system factors that contribute to these errors, and possible mitigating strategies related to design and training interventions that enable health care systems to better meet operators' perceptual, cognitive, and behavioral needs. This review re...","PeriodicalId":90321,"journal":{"name":"Review of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"1 1","pages":"254-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1518/155723405783703019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67348130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technology and aging","authors":"W. Rogers, A. Stronge, A. D. Fisk","doi":"10.1518/155723405783703028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1518/155723405783703028","url":null,"abstract":"Technological advancements have become widespread, and their implementation into products of everyday use is accelerating. Technology has the potential to improve the lives of older adults by increasing their safety, security, and independence in daily life. However, too often older adults' capabilities and limitations are not considered in the design of current and future technologies. In 1990, the National Research Council identified the importance of human factors in the design of technology for an aging population. The goal of this chapter is to review research on aging and technology since that report to determine the contributions of human factors research to issues of aging and technology design. In this chapter we address the extent to which older adults use new technologies, factors to consider in the adoption of technology (e.g., attitudes), the influence of technology design on older adults' performance (e.g., design of input devices), and ways to optimize training for older adults in using new...","PeriodicalId":90321,"journal":{"name":"Review of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"1 1","pages":"130-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1518/155723405783703028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67348174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving Product Safety and Effectiveness in the Home","authors":"D. Boehm-Davis","doi":"10.1518/155723405783703055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1518/155723405783703055","url":null,"abstract":"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that accidents rated as the fifth leading cause of death in 2002. A large proportion of these accidents occur in and around the home. For 2003, the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) estimated that just under 11 million injuries were caused by children's nursery equipment; toys; sports and recreational equipment; home communication and entertainment; household containers; yard and garden equipment; home workshop equipment; home maintenance; general household appliances; heating, cooling, and ventilation equipment; home furnishings and fixtures; and home structures and construction materials. Even those products that are safe to use may not be designed to allow the user to be maximally effective when using those products. This chapter describes a framework that can provide a foundation for understanding the components that play a role in making products safe and effective, a process that can be used by designers to ensure a consideration of the c...","PeriodicalId":90321,"journal":{"name":"Review of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"1 1","pages":"219-253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1518/155723405783703055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67348179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Human-Automation Interaction","authors":"T. Sheridan, R. Parasuraman","doi":"10.1518/155723405783703082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1518/155723405783703082","url":null,"abstract":"Automation does not mean humans are replaced; quite the opposite. Increasingly, humans are asked to interact with automation in complex and typically large-scale systems, including aircraft and air traffic control, nuclear power, manufacturing plants, military systems, homes, and hospitals. This is not an easy or error-free task for either the system designer or the human operator/automation supervisor, especially as computer technology becomes ever more sophisticated. This review outlines recent research and challenges in the area, including taxonomies and qualitative models of human-automation interaction; descriptions of automation-related accidents and studies of adaptive automation; and social, political, and ethical issues. Keywords: Driver distraction; Language: en","PeriodicalId":90321,"journal":{"name":"Review of human factors and ergonomics","volume":"1 1","pages":"89-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1518/155723405783703082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67348183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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