{"title":"Facial expression recognition based on conjugate gradient extreme learning machine","authors":"Jian Chen","doi":"10.1117/12.2540969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540969","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposed a face recognition algorithm based on conjugate gradient extreme learning machine. General extreme learning machine algorithm, which is gained by using method of calculating generalized inverse, the process is a large amount of computation and memory consumption. For this problem, this paper proves the positive definiteness of the calculated matrix, and based on this, an extreme learning machine solution algorithm based on conjugate gradient algorithm was proposed and kernel function is introduced to improve its nonlinear classification performance. At the same time, DAG method is used to extend the binary classification conjugate gradient extreme learning machine to multi-classification problems. Experimental results show that the computational speed of the algorithm in this paper is faster than that of the general extreme learning machine algorithm, and the classification accuracy is higher than that of the general extreme learning machine algorithm.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"14 1","pages":"111980I - 111980I-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72882080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A progressive approach for single image super-resolution","authors":"Yongbo Liang, Guo Cao, Xuesong Li","doi":"10.1117/12.2540564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540564","url":null,"abstract":"Convolutional neural network has achieved excellent success in single image super-resolution. In this paper, we present a progressive approach which reconstructs a high resolution image and optimizes the network at each level. In addition, our method can generate multi-scale HR image by one feed-forward network. The proposed method also utilizes the relationships among different scales, which help our network perform well on large scaling factors. Experiments on benchmark dataset demonstrate that our method achieves competitive performance against most state-of-the-art methods, especially for large scaling factors (e.g. 8×).","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"201 1","pages":"1119805 - 1119805-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74538287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effective vision- and SoC-based fall detection for the elderly","authors":"K. Chung, Chi-Huang Liao, Li-Ting Liu, De-Hao Liu, Yu-Sheng Chan, Jen-Shun Cheng","doi":"10.1117/12.2540488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540488","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a novel Vision- and system on chip (SoC)- based fall detection method for the elderly. Once, a fall event is detected, an alarm signal is immediately sent out to query first aid to the elderly. Our novel fall detection method consists of five effective steps: checking whether the light condition has been stabilized, GMM-based background and foreground estimation, a new strategy to solve the foreground lag problem, solving the false fall detection problem when light comes from a neighboring room, as well as the fall detection determination and the general-purpose input/output based warning mechanism. Based on the test videos, the experiments have been carried out demonstrate that our proposed fall detection method can meet the real-time, low cost, and high accuracy demands.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"160 1","pages":"111980N - 111980N-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73798296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retrospective convolution and static sample synthesis for instantaneous change detection","authors":"Chao Chen, S. Zhang, Cuibing Du","doi":"10.1117/12.2540999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540999","url":null,"abstract":"Change detection has been a challenging visual task due to the dynamic nature of real-world scenes. Good performance of existing methods depends largely on prior background images or a long-term observation. These methods, however, suffer severe degradation when they are applied to detection of instantaneously occurred changes with only a few preceding frames provided. In this paper, we exploit spatio-temporal convolutional networks to address this challenge, and propose a novel retrospective convolution, which features efficient change information extraction between the current frame and frames from historical observation. To address the problem of foreground-specific overfitting in learning-based methods, we further propose a data augmentation method, named static sample synthesis, to guide the network to focus on learning change-cued information rather than specific spatial features of foreground. Trained end-to-end with complex scenarios, our framework proves to be accurate in detecting instantaneous changes and robust in combating diverse noises. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms existing methods.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"1 1","pages":"111980S - 111980S-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89550260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Chung, Wei-Che Chien, Yu-Ling Lee, Chao-Liang Yu
{"title":"Effective region-based chroma subsampling method for Bayer CFA images","authors":"K. Chung, Wei-Che Chien, Yu-Ling Lee, Chao-Liang Yu","doi":"10.1117/12.2540491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540491","url":null,"abstract":"The Bayer color filter array (CFA) pattern is the most widely used CFA pattern in the digital color cameras market. The chroma 4:2:0 subsampling of Bayer CFA images is a necessary process prior to compression. In this paper, based on the CFA block-distortion minimization criterion, we propose an effective region-based chroma 4:2:0 subsampling method for Bayer CFA images. Based on the test Kodak and IMAX datasets, the experimental results demonstrated that in the current high efficiency video coding (HEVC) reference software HM-16.18, our method has substantial quality of the reconstructed images when compared with the existing six chroma subsampling methods.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"32 1","pages":"1119802 - 1119802-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82668003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessie R. Balbin, McTroy John S. Mordido, Jhohn Ramses B. Pelayo, Ivan Hur Y. Tacderas, Jucel Adelyn F. Tornea, Leonardo D. Valiente
{"title":"Detection of imitation from authentic shoe apparel using integrated image processing techniques","authors":"Jessie R. Balbin, McTroy John S. Mordido, Jhohn Ramses B. Pelayo, Ivan Hur Y. Tacderas, Jucel Adelyn F. Tornea, Leonardo D. Valiente","doi":"10.1117/12.2540392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540392","url":null,"abstract":"Counterfeit protection plays an essential role in the business industry. A manufacturer and seller of these products gain income by misleading consumers into buying replicas and Class A products. This holds true for designer clothes, bags, jewelry, shoes, etc. Counterfeit products are produced with the intent to take advantage of the superior value of the original product. In this paper, the researchers propose a method of detecting counterfeit shoes, specifically Stan Smith and Gazelle of Adidas Company. The shoes will be captured in specific areas such as midsole, insole, quarter, tongue, sole, and heel cap where Adidas logos or trademark is present. This study uses image processing techniques such as Circular Hough Transform, A-KAZE, and Optical Character Recognition. The results showed that the methods were successful in determining an authentic shoe from a non-authentic shoe. It was determined that the system has an accuracy of 93% and 96%, while having an error rate of 7% and 4% for Gazelle and Stan Smith respectively. Furthermore, a true positive rate of 100% for both shoes implies that whenever a shoe is predicted to be authentic it is actually authentic. On another note, a false positive rate of 12.3% and 7.4% for Gazelle and Stan Smith respectively implies how often is it predicted to be authentic when it is actually not authentic.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"330 1","pages":"1119803 - 1119803-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76574057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tingqiang Deng, Rui Li, Chunguo Li, Rutian Liao, Yang Liu, Zhen Yang, Luxi Yang
{"title":"MBNet: multi-scale bilinear convolutional neural networks for fine-grained visual classification towards real-time tasks","authors":"Tingqiang Deng, Rui Li, Chunguo Li, Rutian Liao, Yang Liu, Zhen Yang, Luxi Yang","doi":"10.1117/12.2540365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540365","url":null,"abstract":"Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) is difficult due to the under-utilization of low-level features. This paper proposes a real-time method MBNet based on multi-stream multi-scale cross bilinear CNN that contributes to solving the problem. First, each layer of the multi-stream CNN is extracted by basic network such as VGGNet and others, followed by calculating multi-stream cross bilinear vector and bottom bilinear vector of low and high level features respectively. The FGVC results are predicted after feature fusion, which solves the problem that small and low-level details in the original image are easily overlooked. In the widely used datasets Caltech-UCSD Birds, Stanford Cars and Aircraft, the proposed method shows that the accuracy is significantly improved compared to the existing methods, reaching to state of the art level of 88.51%, 94.73% and 92.41%. It also meets the requirements of real-time tasks.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"2 1","pages":"1119806 - 1119806-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88252017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessie R. Balbin, Renalyn L. Banhaw, Christian Raye O. Martin, Joanne Lorie R. Rivera, Jeffrey R. R. Victorino
{"title":"Caries lesion detection tool using near infrared image processing and decision tree learning","authors":"Jessie R. Balbin, Renalyn L. Banhaw, Christian Raye O. Martin, Joanne Lorie R. Rivera, Jeffrey R. R. Victorino","doi":"10.1117/12.2540896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2540896","url":null,"abstract":"The population of those who are developing caries lesions are increasing. To aid dental practitioners in detecting and identifying caries lesions that the time needed to observe an active lesion can be shortened and be more objective is a great help in slowing down the increasing rate of dental cases. The use of Near infrared light as a non-ionizing alternative for radiograph has been used in several medical studies. To maximize the use of NIR light, a prototype with image filtering and segmentation process and machine learning program was designed to identify caries lesion severity using the International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS) Caries Merged Categories. It uses CART (Classification and Regression Trees) a decision tree algorithm that trains to classify data and uses various classifiers for machine learning and model training. In the study, images with NIR illumination were used to test the performance of the prototype which was assessed by the dental practitioner beforehand. A total of 122 tooth samples were used in the simulation. Twenty percent (20%) of the total samples were classified as R0, 40% as RA, sixteen percent (16%) as RB and twenty-four percent (24%) as RC according to the ICCMS caries categories. The prototype was proven to yield results with a confidence level not less than ninety-five percent (95%). The Study was relevant to the process of immediate and non-ionizing determination of carries lesions and to the developing role of NIR light usage for tooth illumination.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"27 1","pages":"111980F - 111980F-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84809644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spectral-spatial hyperspectral image classification based on extended training set","authors":"Changli Li, Qing-yun Wang","doi":"10.1117/12.2504544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2504544","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperspectral remote sensing image classification achieved good effect using support vector machine (SVM) even with very few training samples. But due to restrictions on the number of samples, it is hard to further enhance classification accuracy when only using spectral information. On the other hand, one can improve the classification accuracy by increasing the training samples when the training samples are few. Accordingly, we present a method of extending the training samples by using spatial information. In this method, the classes of samples contained in one segmentation region are treated as the same class and the class labels of all the pixels in this region are decided by the class labels of the training samples contained in it. These new samples are then named as the extended training set. Experiments show that the proposed method in this paper has better effect than the direct use of majority voting method.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75881891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A method of automatic recognition for answer sheet","authors":"Yingjie Xia, Xiangru Yu, Rui Chen, Jinping Li, Xiang Wu","doi":"10.1117/12.2501869","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2501869","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional method of recognizing an answer sheet is to use optical mark reader (OMR). A kind of OMR only recognizes a certain answer sheet with fixed format, which results in the poor universality of OMR. We propose a recognition method for answer sheet with arbitrary format. After designing the new answer sheet or using the existing ones, the printed answer sheets will become images by high-definition (HD) scanning after being filled in an exam. And the images of answer sheets will be recognized automatically by image processing techniques. According to the positioning cross found in answer sheets, the images will be corrected if they are tilted. Then candidate number recognition, option recognition and page number recognition will be carried out in the order specified by users. The method of maximum between-cluster variance will be used for candidate number recognition and option recognition. On the other hand, the page number of answer sheet will be recognized by template matching. Experimental results show that the accuracy can reach 100%. And this method can be realized easily, the cost is low, and it has good universality.","PeriodicalId":90079,"journal":{"name":"... International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging. International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77468189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}