Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences最新文献

Distribution of arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 (nat2) genotypes among Omanis. 阿曼人芳胺n -乙酰转移酶2 (nat2)基因型分布

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Musbah O M Tanira, Mehmet Simsek, Khalid Al Balushi, Khulood Al Lawatia, Hameedah Al Barawani, Riad A Bayoumi

引用次数: 0

A swallowed fishbone penetrating the oesophagus into the sternomastoid muscle. 吞下的鱼刺穿透食道进入胸锁乳突肌。

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Sabah M Al-Shukry

引用次数: 0

Epidemic infections and their relevance to the Gulf and other Arabian Peninsula countries. 流行病感染及其与海湾和其他阿拉伯半岛国家的关系。

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Euan M Scrimgeour

引用次数: 0

How does HIV-1 infect a susceptible human cell?: Current thinking. HIV-1 如何感染易感人类细胞？目前的想法。

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Ali A Al-Jabri

{"title":"How does HIV-1 infect a susceptible human cell?: Current thinking.","authors":"Ali A Al-Jabri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"To insure its survival, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the causative agent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), utilises more than one gate to enter a target cell. This strategy makes it more difficult for the immune system to defeat the virus. This has also made it difficult for scientists working in the HIV research to understand how exactly HIV infects a susceptible human cell. Such understanding will no doubt open many gates for scientists to vanquish the virus by designing agents that can block HIV entry into target cells, thus rendering the virus vulnerable to immune destruction. This will also help in understanding the replication of the virus and the pathogenesis of the disease. The present article briefly describes the past and current thinking of how HIV-1 infects a susceptible human cell, and the dilemma scientists are facing when studying the infectivity of this virus and applying current knowledge to design agents that can block HIVs entering target cells. In the context of our own experience with HIV infectivity in vitro, the present article will also address the behaviour of different HIV isolates, both laboratory-adopted and clinical (primary) isolates in culture and the difficulties in performing HIV infectivity testing. Moreover, our experience of peripheral blood mononuclear cells' (PBMCs) susceptibility to HIVs infection in vitro is discussed. ","PeriodicalId":89961,"journal":{"name":"Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"31-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174721/pdf/squmj-05-31.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31719313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radiology resident selection: Objective Restructured Interview to assess five essential attributes. 放射科住院医师选择:目的重组访谈评估五个基本属性。

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Neela Lamki, Alfred B Watson, Richard G Fisher

引用次数: 0

Magnitude and determinants of exodontia in South Batinah region of Oman: A cross sectional study. 阿曼南巴蒂纳地区外牙的大小和决定因素:一项横断面研究。

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Rajiv Khandekar, Zina Fouad, Aliya M Al-Khusaibi

{"title":"Magnitude and determinants of exodontia in South Batinah region of Oman: A cross sectional study.","authors":"Rajiv Khandekar, Zina Fouad, Aliya M Al-Khusaibi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To estimate the magnitude, determinants and causes of exodontia presented at all the three dental units of South Batinah region of Oman.Methods: This is a cross sectional study of 8,963 samples representing dental cases reported at the three dental units for 12 weeks in year 2000. The information on patients undergoing exodontia and its indications were collected from their case files. Standard definitions were used to categorise causes of exodontia. Mid 2000 population was used as reference for calculating rates. Age-sex standardisation and 95% confidence interval of the exodontia rates were calculated for statistical validation.Results: The annual exodontia rate was 16.67 per 1,000 population (CI95% 16.52, 16.82). The rate in males was 11.56 (CI95% 11.40, 11.73) and and in females, 40.04 (CI95% 39.73, 40.34). The rate in the 12+ age group was significantly higher than that in the 0-12 age group. The rates showed geographic differences.Conclusions: The exodontia rates were high in the study area. Exodontia rates were significantly higher in females, persons older than 12 years, and those living in the coastal areas of South Batinah. Based on the exodontia rates, the impact on the oral health services was reviewed and recommendations for improving the dental care were proposed.","PeriodicalId":89961,"journal":{"name":"Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"21-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174722/pdf/squmj-05-21.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31719311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A strange type of Pica. 一种奇怪的异食癖

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Marwan M Al-Sharbati, Ziad A J Zaidan, Ala'adin Al-Hussaini, Khalid Al-Khalili

引用次数: 0

Laboratory diagnosis of viral hepatitis C: The Sultan Qaboos University Hospital experience. 病毒性丙型肝炎的实验室诊断:卡布斯苏丹大学医院的经验。

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Said H S Al Dhahry, Jameel C Nograles, Situsekara M W W B Rajapakse, Fadhila S S Al Toqi, Geraldine Z Kaminski

{"title":"Laboratory diagnosis of viral hepatitis C: The Sultan Qaboos University Hospital experience.","authors":"Said H S Al Dhahry, Jameel C Nograles, Situsekara M W W B Rajapakse, Fadhila S S Al Toqi, Geraldine Z Kaminski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: A retrospective study was carried out to assess the performance of hepatitis C diagnostic assays in our laboratory, and to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C among blood donors at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital.Methods: From 1991 to 2001, approximately 55,000 serum samples collected from blood donors and patients were submitted to our laboratory for testing. All sera were screened for antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) by three successive generations of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti-HCV positive sera were further tested by recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA). Reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for HCV RNA was carried out on a limited number (241) of ELISA positive samples.Results: Out of 30012 samples from blood donors that were screened for anti-HCV, 272 (0.91%) were positive. Of these, 46.5% were confirmed positive by RIBA. The proportion of patient sera that were confirmed positive varied from 95% among intravenous drug users to 81% in patients with hepatitis to 70% in those with haemoglobinopathies. HCV RNA was detected in 67%, 6%, and 0% of the RIBA positive, indeterminate and negative samples respectively.Conclusions: Based on RIBA, the prevalence of anti-HCV among blood donors in Oman is close to 0.5%. In our experience, RIBA-positivity is predictive of HCV infection in two thirds of subjects, and HCV infection is highly unlikely in those who are RIBA-negative. The experience at SQUH with three types of HCV assays has enabled the laboratory to develop a test algorithm, starting with screening anti-HCV ELISA.","PeriodicalId":89961,"journal":{"name":"Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174725/pdf/squmj-05-15.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31719310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screening for gestational diabetes by measuring fasting plasma glucose levels. 通过测量空腹血糖水平筛查妊娠糖尿病。

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2003-08-01

Khalil E Rajab, Jonathan H Skerman, Abdulla A Issa

{"title":"Screening for gestational diabetes by measuring fasting plasma glucose levels.","authors":"Khalil E Rajab, Jonathan H Skerman, Abdulla A Issa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: (a) To test the sensitivity and specificity of measuring fasting plasma glucose levels (FPG) as a screening test for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). (b) To compare predicting levels of FPG levels with the one-hour, oral 50g non-fasting glucose challenge test (GCT) for predicting GDM.Methods: One thousand and six hundred pregnant women from the Health Centres, antenatal clinics and Salmaniya Medical Complex were screened by the GCT after 50g of oral glucose during 26-32 weeks gestation, giving a 13.5% incidence of GDM (using the Third International Workshop cutoff values of 7.8 mmol /l). All patients also had an FPG estimation followed by the three-hour oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT). Seventy eight percent of the patients were Bahraini, 19% Asian and 3% other nationalities. Their mean age was 27.2+0.2 years. Receiver-operating curves (ROC) were used to test the ability of the FPG and the oGTT to differentiate patients with GDM and identify the cut off values for predicting a diagnosis of GDM.Results: FPG levels of 5.6 mmol /l and 5.4 mmol /l yielded sensitivities and specificities of 94% and 93% respectively. Measuring FPG as a screening test required a diagnostic oGTT in 32% compared with 13% when the GCT was used.Conclusion: Using FPG levels at a cutoff value of ≥ 5.5 mmol /l is an easier, more acceptable test for patients compared to the GCT. Using the FPG levels is also more cost effective and allows nearly 70% of women to avoid the oGTT.","PeriodicalId":89961,"journal":{"name":"Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences","volume":"5 1-2","pages":"5-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174726/pdf/squmj-05-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31718510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compliance of spectacle wear and its determinants among schoolchildren of Dhakhiliya region of Oman: A descriptive study. 阿曼达希利亚地区学童佩戴眼镜的依从性及其决定因素:一项描述性研究。

Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences Pub Date : 2002-04-01

Rajiv Khandekar, Ali Jaffer Mohammed, Abdulatif Al Raisi

{"title":"Compliance of spectacle wear and its determinants among schoolchildren of Dhakhiliya region of Oman: A descriptive study.","authors":"Rajiv Khandekar, Ali Jaffer Mohammed, Abdulatif Al Raisi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the degree of compliance of spectacle wear and some of its determinants among school children of Dhakhiliya region of Oman.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of a sample of 663 students who had been prescribed spectacles for constant wear. After one year, experienced field staff conducted a follow-up visit where 571 of these students were examined. Information on age, gender, type and severity of refractive error was collected from the school health records and refractionist's report and analyzed to associate them to the compliance of spectacle wear.Results: The majority (71.6%) of students were using spectacles at the time of follow up. The compliance rate was 65.1% in boys and 78.3% in girls. Agewise, it was 66.7% in 6-7-year-olds, 66.7% in 12-13-year-olds and 79.1% in 16-17-year olds. The rate was 72.5% among students with myopia and 67.9% among those with hypermetropia. The compliance of spectacle wear was significantly higher among students with myopic refractive error of 2.5 D or more compared to those with less than 2.5 D. The difference in the compliance rates among students with hypermetropia of different grades was not significant.Conclusions: The study identifies the factors of high-risk of non compliance as (a) male gender, (b) younger age, and (c) low myopic refractory error. The eye health care program of Oman should focus on these high risk groups to further improve the compliance for visual aids.","PeriodicalId":89961,"journal":{"name":"Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences","volume":"4 1-2","pages":"39-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174715/pdf/squmj-04-39.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31718507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0