ISRN nutrition最新文献

Proximate, Antinutrients and Mineral Composition of Raw and Processed (Boiled and Roasted) Sphenostylis stenocarpa Seeds from Southern Kaduna, Northwest Nigeria. 来自尼日利亚西北部卡杜纳南部的生的和加工的(煮的和烤的)窄香藜种子的近似、抗营养成分和矿物组成。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-03-16 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/280837

Uche Samuel Ndidi, Charity Unekwuojo Ndidi, Abbas Olagunju, Aliyu Muhammad, Francis Graham Billy, Oche Okpe

{"title":"Proximate, Antinutrients and Mineral Composition of Raw and Processed (Boiled and Roasted) Sphenostylis stenocarpa Seeds from Southern Kaduna, Northwest Nigeria.","authors":"Uche Samuel Ndidi, Charity Unekwuojo Ndidi, Abbas Olagunju, Aliyu Muhammad, Francis Graham Billy, Oche Okpe","doi":"10.1155/2014/280837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/280837","url":null,"abstract":"This research was aimed at evaluating the proximate composition, level of anti-nutrients, and the mineral composition of raw and processed Sphenostylis stenocarpa seeds and at examining the effect of processing on the parameters. From the proximate composition analysis, the ash content showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the processed and unprocessed (raw) samples. However, there was significant difference (P < 0.05) in the levels of moisture, crude lipid, nitrogen-free extract, gross energy, true protein, and crude fiber between the processed and unprocessed S. stenocarpa. Analyses of the antinutrient composition show that the processed S. stenocarpa registered significant reduction in levels of hydrogen cyanide, trypsin inhibitor, phytate, oxalate, and tannins compared to the unprocessed. Evaluation of the mineral composition showed that the level of sodium, calcium, and potassium was high in both the processed and unprocessed sample (150-400 mg/100 g). However, the level of iron, copper, zinc, and magnesium was low in both processed and unprocessed samples (2-45 mg/100 g). The correlation analysis showed that tannins and oxalate affected the levels of ash and nitrogen-free extract of processed and unprocessed seeds. These results suggest that the consumption of S. stenocarpa will go a long way in reducing the level of malnutrition in northern Nigeria. ","PeriodicalId":89955,"journal":{"name":"ISRN nutrition","volume":"2014 ","pages":"280837"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/280837","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32456682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 92

Influence of Hydration Status on Changes in Plasma Cortisol, Leukocytes, and Antigen-Stimulated Cytokine Production by Whole Blood Culture following Prolonged Exercise. 水合状态对长时间运动后全血培养血浆皮质醇、白细胞和抗原刺激细胞因子产生变化的影响。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-03-12 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/561401

Ida S Svendsen, Sophie C Killer, Michael Gleeson

{"title":"Influence of Hydration Status on Changes in Plasma Cortisol, Leukocytes, and Antigen-Stimulated Cytokine Production by Whole Blood Culture following Prolonged Exercise.","authors":"Ida S Svendsen, Sophie C Killer, Michael Gleeson","doi":"10.1155/2014/561401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/561401","url":null,"abstract":"Elevated antigen-stimulated anti-inflammatory cytokine production appears to be a risk factor for upper respiratory tract illness in athletes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of prolonged exercise and hydration on antigen-stimulated cytokine production. Twelve healthy males cycled for 120 min at 60% [Formula: see text] on two occasions, either euhydrated or moderately hypohydrated (induced by fluid restriction for 24 h). Blood samples were collected before and after exercise and following 2 h recovery for determination of cell counts, plasma cortisol, and in vitro antigen-stimulated cytokine production by whole blood culture. Fluid restriction resulted in mean body mass loss of 1.3% and 3.9% before and after exercise, respectively. Exercise elicited a significant leukocytosis and elevated plasma cortisol, with no differences between trials. IL-6 production was significantly reduced 2 h postexercise (P < 0.05), while IL-10 production was elevated postexercise (P < 0.05). IFN- γ and IL-2 production tended to decrease postexercise. No significant effect of hydration status was observed for the measured variables. Prolonged exercise appears to result in augmented anti-inflammatory cytokine release in response to antigen challenge, possibly coupled with acute suppression of proinflammatory cytokine production, corresponding with studies using mitogen or endotoxin as stimulant. Moderate hypohydration does not appear to influence these changes. ","PeriodicalId":89955,"journal":{"name":"ISRN nutrition","volume":"2014 ","pages":"561401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/561401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32456687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Effect of fresh orange juice intake on physiological characteristics in healthy volunteers. 新鲜橙汁摄入对健康志愿者生理特性的影响。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-03-04 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/405867

Sedigheh Asgary, Mahtab Keshvari, Mohammad Reza Afshani, Masoud Amiri, Ismail Laher, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard

{"title":"Effect of fresh orange juice intake on physiological characteristics in healthy volunteers.","authors":"Sedigheh Asgary, Mahtab Keshvari, Mohammad Reza Afshani, Masoud Amiri, Ismail Laher, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard","doi":"10.1155/2014/405867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/405867","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Impaired endothelial function is a predictor of cardiovascular events. Orange juice (OJ) is rich in dietary flavonoids and could inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. We examined the effects of commercial (COJ) and fresh orange juice (FOJ) on endothelial function and physiological characteristics in healthy humans. Materials and Methods. Twenty-two healthy volunteers years were enrolled in a single blind randomized crossover controlled trial. The two groups consumed either COJ for the first 4 weeks and then FOJ (CFOJ, 4 weeks), or FOJ for the first 4 weeks and then COJ (FCOJ, 4 weeks). We assessed endothelial function by measuring flow-mediated dilation, serum concentrations of lipids, apolipoproteins A and B (apo A-1 and apo B), and inflammatory markers such as vascular endothelial adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and interleukin-6. Results. Consumption of both juices decreased VCAM, hs-CRP, and E-selectin but increased apo A-1. A decline in LDL occurred in the FOJ group. There were no differences between the characteristics of two groups, with the exception of apo A-1 levels that were increased with both forms of OJ. The largest variations occurred with hs-CRP, VCAM in both groups. Conclusion. Consumption of COJ and FOJ produced beneficial effects on the physiological characteristics of healthy volunteers. Although these results could encourage the consumption of OJ, intervention studies are needed to determine the long-term effects of these types of OJ on metabolic and cardiovascular endpoints. ","PeriodicalId":89955,"journal":{"name":"ISRN nutrition","volume":"2014 ","pages":"405867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/405867","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32456684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

The influence of shc proteins on the whole body energetic response to calorie restriction initiated in 3-month-old mice. 在3个月大的小鼠中，shc蛋白对热量限制的全身能量反应的影响。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-02-17 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/562075

Jennifer H Stern, Kyoungmi Kim, Jon J Ramsey

{"title":"The influence of shc proteins on the whole body energetic response to calorie restriction initiated in 3-month-old mice.","authors":"Jennifer H Stern, Kyoungmi Kim, Jon J Ramsey","doi":"10.1155/2014/562075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/562075","url":null,"abstract":"There is increasing evidence that Shc proteins play a role in energy metabolism, and we have previously reported that knockdown of Shc proteins influences the energetic response to acute (3 days) calorie restriction (CR) in 18-month-old mice. Whether Shc proteins play a role in the metabolic response to CR in younger mice has yet to be elucidated. Hence, we sought to determine the impact of 3 days and longer term (2 months) CR on energy expenditure (EE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) in 3 month-old Shc knockout (ShcKO) and wild-type (WT) mice. ShcKO mice decreased (P < 0.001) EE normalized for body weight (EEBW) by 3 days of CR, while no such change was observed in WT animals. However, both ShcKO and WT mice decreased (P < 0.001) EEBW at 2 months of CR and there were no differences in body weight between the ShcKO and WT mice at either 3 days or 2 months of CR. Consistent with increased fatty acid oxidation, only ShcKO mice maintained decreased (P < 0.001) 24 h RQ through 2 months of CR, suggesting that they were able to maintain increased fatty acid oxidation for a longer period of time than WT mice. These results indicate that Shc proteins may contribute to some of the acute energetic responses to CR. ","PeriodicalId":89955,"journal":{"name":"ISRN nutrition","volume":"2014 ","pages":"562075"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/562075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32456688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Increasing prevalence, changes in diagnostic criteria, and nutritional risk factors for autism spectrum disorders. 自闭症谱系障碍的发病率增加、诊断标准变化和营养风险因素。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-02-13 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/514026

Yasmin H Neggers

{"title":"Increasing prevalence, changes in diagnostic criteria, and nutritional risk factors for autism spectrum disorders.","authors":"Yasmin H Neggers","doi":"10.1155/2014/514026","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2014/514026","url":null,"abstract":"The frequency of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) diagnoses has been increasing for decades, but researchers cannot agree on whether the trend is a result of increased awareness, improved detection, expanding definition, or an actual increase in incidence or a combination of these factors. Though both genetic and multiple environmental risk factors have been studied extensively, many potentially modifiable risk factors including nutritional and immune function related risk factors such as vitamin D, folic acid, and metabolic syndrome have not received sufficient attention. Several recent studies have put forward hypotheses to explain the mechanism of association between both folic acid and vitamin D and autism. A continuous rise in the prevalence of autism in the USA has coincided with a significant enhancement of maternal folate status with FDA mandated folic acid fortification of certain foods starting in 1998. There is also a growing body of research that suggests that vitamin D status either in utero or early in life may be a risk for autism. In this communication, controversies regarding increase in estimate of prevalence, implications of changes in definition, and possible association between some modifiable nutritional risk factors such as folic acid and vitamin D and ASD will be discussed. ","PeriodicalId":89955,"journal":{"name":"ISRN nutrition","volume":"2014 ","pages":"514026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4045304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32456686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of intergenerational chronic undernutrition on ponderal, and linear growth. 代际慢性营养不良对纵向和线性生长的影响。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-01-30 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/453460

María Florencia Cesani, Evelia Edith Oyhenart, Héctor Mario Pucciarelli

{"title":"Effect of intergenerational chronic undernutrition on ponderal, and linear growth.","authors":"María Florencia Cesani, Evelia Edith Oyhenart, Héctor Mario Pucciarelli","doi":"10.1155/2014/453460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/453460","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper was to analyze if intergenerational undernutrition causes growth retardation in weight and body length in two generations of rats and, if so, to assess whether the delay is cumulative. Male and female rats were assigned to one of the following groups: (1) control: they were fed ad libitum and constituted the parental generation (P), and (2) undernourished generations (F1 and F2): they were fed on 75% of the control diet. Animals were weighed and X-rayed every ten days from 20 to 100 days old in order to measure total body length. Also, body mass index was calculated. Data were processed by ANOVA and LSD post hoc tests. Impairment in weight, body length, and body mass index was found in both generations; nevertheless growth retardation was greater in F2, indicating a cumulative effect of nutritional stress. Sex differences were found, since the cumulative effect of generational undernutrition was greater and earlier in males than in females. It is concluded that when the undernutrition acts with constant intensity during several generations, the growth retardation is cumulative, indicating a negative secular trend. ","PeriodicalId":89955,"journal":{"name":"ISRN nutrition","volume":"2014 ","pages":"453460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/453460","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32456685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Bioactive micronutrients in coffee: recent analytical approaches for characterization and quantification. 咖啡中的生物活性微量营养素：最新的表征和定量分析方法。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-01-22 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/384230

Abdulmumin A Nuhu

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of a Botanical Supplement with Concentrated Echinacea purpurea for Increasing Aerobic Capacity. 浓缩紫锥菊植物补充剂提高有氧能力的功效。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-01-16 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/149549

David Bellar, Kaitlyn M Moody, Nicholas S Richard, Lawrence W Judge

{"title":"Efficacy of a Botanical Supplement with Concentrated Echinacea purpurea for Increasing Aerobic Capacity.","authors":"David Bellar, Kaitlyn M Moody, Nicholas S Richard, Lawrence W Judge","doi":"10.1155/2014/149549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/149549","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation evaluated the efficacy of a botanical supplement that delivered a concentrated dose of Echinacea purpurea (8 grams day−1). The participants were 13 apparently healthy, recreationally active college students (VO2 max: 51 mL O2/kg∗min). The participants were provided with a 30-day supplementation regime. Data regarding maximum aerobic capacity was collected through pre- and posttesting surrounding the 30-day supplementation regime. The participants were instructed to maintain normal levels of physical activity and exercise during the experimental period. The levels of physical activity and exercise were monitored via the Leisure and Physical Activity Survey. The participants did not report any significant increases in aerobic physical activity or exercise during the supplementation period. Paired samples t-test analysis did not reveal a significant difference in maximum aerobic capacity, t(12) = 0.67, P = .516. Presupplementation maximum aerobic capacity (M = 51.0, SD = 6.8) was similar to postsupplementation values (M = 51.8, SD = 6.5). This study suggests that botanical supplements containing a concentrated dose of Echinacea purpurea is not an effective intervention to increase aerobic capacity of recreationally active individuals.","PeriodicalId":89955,"journal":{"name":"ISRN nutrition","volume":"2014 ","pages":"149549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/149549","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32458359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Effects of commercially available dietary supplements on resting energy expenditure: a brief report. 市售膳食补充剂对静息能量消耗的影响:简要报告。

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-01-02 eCollection Date: 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/650264

Roger A Vaughan, Carole A Conn, Christine M Mermier

引用次数: 20

Influence of vitamin d metabolites on plasma cytokine concentrations in endurance sport athletes and on multiantigen stimulated cytokine production by whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures. 维生素d代谢物对耐力运动运动员血浆细胞因子浓度的影响以及对全血和外周血单核细胞培养的多抗原刺激细胞因子产生的影响

ISRN nutrition Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2014/820524

Cheng-Shiun He, William D Fraser, Michael Gleeson

{"title":"Influence of vitamin d metabolites on plasma cytokine concentrations in endurance sport athletes and on multiantigen stimulated cytokine production by whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures.","authors":"Cheng-Shiun He, William D Fraser, Michael Gleeson","doi":"10.1155/2014/820524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/820524","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. Our aims were to determine the influence of plasma total 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) status on the plasma cytokine concentrations in athletes and the in vitro effects of different doses of 1, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1, 25(OH)2D3) on multiantigen stimulated cytokine production by whole blood and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures. Methods. Plasma samples from 43 athletes with high and low levels of 25(OH)D were assayed for the concentrations of cytokines. The whole blood samples and PBMCs from healthy subjects were incubated in vitro with a multi-antigen vaccine and different doses of added 1, 25(OH)2D3. The circulating cytokines and stimulated whole blood and PBMC culture production of cytokines were determined using a biochip assay. Results. The circulating interleukin-(IL-)10 and interferon-(IFN-) γ concentrations were significantly higher in the vitamin D sufficient athletes. Furthermore, the production of tumour necrosis factor-(TNF-) α, IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-10 by whole blood culture was significantly inhibited by 1, 25(OH)2D3 concentrations of 1000 pmol/L or 10000 pmol/L. Conclusions. We found that the influence of vitamin D on circulating cytokines might be different in athletes compared with nonathletes and cytokines production by whole blood culture was not influenced by 1, 25(OH)2D3 in concentrations within the normal healthy range. ","PeriodicalId":89955,"journal":{"name":"ISRN nutrition","volume":"2014 ","pages":"820524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2014/820524","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32458239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 18