International public health journal最新文献_第2页

Comparison of neighborhood deprivation index and food desert status as environmental predictors of early childhood obesity. 比较邻里贫困指数和食物荒漠状况作为儿童早期肥胖的环境预测因素。

International public health journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01

Shannon C Conrey, Allison R Burrell, Cole Brokamp, Rachel M Burke, Sarah C Couch, Liang Niu, Claire P Mattison, Daniel C Payne, Mary A Staat, Ardythe L Morrow

{"title":"Comparison of neighborhood deprivation index and food desert status as environmental predictors of early childhood obesity.","authors":"Shannon C Conrey, Allison R Burrell, Cole Brokamp, Rachel M Burke, Sarah C Couch, Liang Niu, Claire P Mattison, Daniel C Payne, Mary A Staat, Ardythe L Morrow","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Nearly 14% of American children aged 2-5 have obesity, with higher rates in children from lower-income and Black families. While evidence connects neighborhood socioeconomic environment (SEE) and obesity in adults and adolescents, little is known of this relationship in young children. We compared measures of SEE and family-level socio-demographic factors as predictors of obesity at age two.Methods: Family-level data from the PREVAIL Cohort, a CDC-funded birth cohort in Cincinnati, Ohio, were collected prenatally from the mothers. Residential addresses were geocoded and assigned validated measures of census tract-level SEE, including USDA food desert indicators and the Deprivation Index. Family-level and ecological SEE were compared as predictors of obesity (BMIz ≥1.65) at age two in terms of proportional differences, relative risk, and model fit statistics.Results: Residing outside of Deprivation Index High SEE neighborhoods was significantly associated with higher proportion (20.0% vs 5.9%; χ2 = 4.36, p = 0.037) and increased risk of obesity in univariable (RR = 3.4, 95%CI: 1.26-13.86) and multivariable models (RR = 3.5, 95%CI: 1.06-11.71). There were no differences in proportion or risk of obesity by USDA food desert indicators or family-level factors. Models using categorical Deprivation Index performed better than the family-level and the USDA food desert variables in terms of model fit.Conclusion: In the PREVAIL Cohort, only category of Deprivation Index was a significant predictor of obesity in two-year-old children. Future studies are needed to evaluate the Deprivation Index as a generalizable tool to identify neighborhoods at higher risk for obesity.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"14 3","pages":"263-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11274199/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141790251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Stigma Scale: Preliminary findings from a pilot study. 暴露前预防(PrEP)病耻感量表:一项试点研究的初步结果。

International public health journal Pub Date : 2019-01-01

Hugh Klein, Thomas Alex Washington

{"title":"The Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Stigma Scale: Preliminary findings from a pilot study.","authors":"Hugh Klein, Thomas Alex Washington","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Despite being at the cornerstone of current initiatives to curtail the spread of HIV, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) medication has been slow to proliferate among many \"at risk\" populations. This is true for men who have sex with other men (MSM), who account for the largest number of new HIV diagnoses in the United States. To try to understand why MSM are not adopting PrEP in greater numbers, the present authors have created a 22-item PrEP Stigma Scale. This paper reports findings for that scale.Methods: Purposive sampling was used to derive a sample of 273 diverse MSM. Men completed a brief questionnaire inquiring about their awareness of PrEP, willingness to avail themselves of various sources of information about PrEP, perceptions about PrEP-related stigma, and perceptions about obstacles to PrEP use. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients were computed for the PrEP Stigma Scale, for the full sample and for key subgroups. Factor analysis was performed to determine whether or not subscales exist.Results: The PrEP Stigma Scale was found to be highly reliable, both in its full version (alpha=0.96) and in its shortened version (alpha=0.95). Reliability estimates were strong for all subgroups based on age, race, sexual orientation, educational attainment, relationship status, and HIV serostatus. Two subscales were identified, each with excellent reliability (alpha=0.95 and 0.94), again for the sample as a whole and for all key subgroups.Conclusions: The PrEP Stigma Scale shows great promise for aiding our understanding of why more MSM are not adopting PrEP. It was found to be reliable for all key subgroups under examination, and that is true both for the 22-item and the 11-item version of the scale.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"11 2","pages":"185-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7034943/pdf/nihms-1048387.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37670292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk Factors for Preeclampsia in a High-Risk Cohort of Women Served by a Nursing-based Home Visiting Program. 基于护理的家访项目服务的高危女性队列中先兆子痫的危险因素。

International public health journal Pub Date : 2018-01-01 Epub Date: 2018-10-01

Candace Tannis, Rachel Fletcher-Slater, Inessa Lopez, Alexandrah Gichingiri, Mario Cassara, Susanne Lachapelle, Elizabeth Garland

{"title":"Risk Factors for Preeclampsia in a High-Risk Cohort of Women Served by a Nursing-based Home Visiting Program.","authors":"Candace Tannis, Rachel Fletcher-Slater, Inessa Lopez, Alexandrah Gichingiri, Mario Cassara, Susanne Lachapelle, Elizabeth Garland","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This descriptive study aimed to identify the impact of psychosocial risk factors on pregnancy outcomes for high risk women in an urban setting. Women in this category tend to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, like preeclampsia, at greater rates than low or medium risk women. A retrospective paper chart review of East Harlem women served by LSA Family Health Service (LSA) Maternal Outreach Program (MOP) was conducted. All women who enrolled in the MOP with a singleton pregnancy from January 2015 to December 2017, were eligible for inclusion in our analyses. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 23). Of 379 total participants, 68.6% (n=203) were Hispanic/Latina women, 44.8% (n=163) were English only speakers, 67.4% (n=226) were identified as overweight/obese, 90.6% (n=328) were mothers over the age of 20 among those for whom data were available. Sixty-two percent (n=235) initiated prenatal care in their first trimester, and 71.5% (n=271) were referred to the MOP by a hospital or other healthcare provider. The percentage of preeclampsia among mothers was 26.9% (n=102). After adjustment for type of LSA services received, and race/ethnicity, there were no associations between psychosocial risk factors and preeclampsia diagnosis in this population. Further research is needed on the relationship between psychosocial risk factors and preeclampsia to identify potential areas of intervention and reduce the burden of disease.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"10 4","pages":"411-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6873224/pdf/nihms-1057206.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49686105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relationship between childhood obesity and neighborhood food ecology explored through the context of gentrification in New York City. 在纽约高档化的背景下，探讨儿童肥胖与邻里食物生态的关系。

International public health journal Pub Date : 2018-01-01

Brennan Rhodes-Bratton, Andrew Rundle, Gina S Lovasi, Julie Herbstman

{"title":"The relationship between childhood obesity and neighborhood food ecology explored through the context of gentrification in New York City.","authors":"Brennan Rhodes-Bratton, Andrew Rundle, Gina S Lovasi, Julie Herbstman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Inequity and health disparities can be exacerbated as a result of gentrification when long-term residents are displaced, or remain but are not able to take advantage of new opportunities. The disappearance of old and emergence of new food establishments may increase the proximity to and density of healthy food options, however, affordability and consumption of healthy food, nor a decrease in risk of adverse health outcomes are not guaranteed. Our study aims to understand the relationship between gentrification, neighborhood food environment, and childhood obesity. We describe food opportunities changes in New York City using National Establishments Time Series Database stratified by gentrification status. Using data from the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health birth cohort study, we evaluate the impact of the area-level changing food chances on the body mass index z-scores of children at age five. Overall, gentrifying neighborhoods have the highest number of food chances and experience the most substantial increase in both healthy (p < 0.001) and unhealthy (p < 0.001) food chances between 1990-2010. After adjusting for covariates, higher access to healthy food chances was associated with both lower BMI z-score (p < 0.01) and less likelihood of being overweight or obese (p < 0.001) for five-year-old children. Our results suggest gentrification was associated with contemporaneous changes in the neighborhood food chances in NYC and children exposed to greater healthy foods experienced a lower probability of excess body weight by five years old. Further research is needed to understand other potential pathways connecting gentrification to childhood BMI.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"10 4","pages":"481-496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7377337/pdf/nihms-1596275.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38194027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neighborhood and Health 邻里关系与健康

International public health journal Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_102692

J. Merrick

引用次数: 15

Nuestra Casa: An advocacy initiative to reduce inequalities and tuberculosis along the US-Mexico border. Nuestra Casa:一项倡议，旨在减少美墨边境的不平等和结核病。

International public health journal Pub Date : 2016-04-01

Eva M Moya, Silvia M Chávez-Baray, William W Wood, Omar Martinez

{"title":"Nuestra Casa: An advocacy initiative to reduce inequalities and tuberculosis along the US-Mexico border.","authors":"Eva M Moya, Silvia M Chávez-Baray, William W Wood, Omar Martinez","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The US-Mexico border provides a rich learning environment for professional social workers and at the same time poses some challenges. This article explores some of the unique demographics and social and cultural characteristics in the border region. These characteristics have implications for social work teaching, research, policy and practice. The study of borders includes exploring social disparities and inequalities. Health risks and diseases travel fluidly between borders and kill indiscriminately. The US-Mexico border is at high-risk of elevated tuberculosis (TB) and HIV incidence due to socio-economic stress, rapid and dynamic population growth, mobility and migration, and the hybridization of cultures. Every minute, four people die from TB, and 15 more become infected worldwide. The number of deaths due to tuberculosis is unacceptable given that most cases of TB are preventable. Cross-border cooperation and collaboration among social workers, health professionals and public officials between communities and countries can reduce social injustices to move towards a healthier borderland, as demonstrated in the collaborative prevention of TB. Rather than limiting our work to define social inequalities, we seek to further the conversation and suggest social action to address TB. This article contributes ideas and examples of experiences to encourage innovative, community-academic engaged inter- and multidisciplinary interventions like the Nuestra Casa (Our House) initiative. Nuestra Casa is an advocacy, communication and social mobilization strategy to address TB and HIV health disparities and inequalities in underserved communities, which we argue provides a useful model for combating TB and other inequalities plaguing the US-Mexico borderland.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"8 2","pages":"107-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6150456/pdf/nihms950818.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36514119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stress pathways to health inequalities: Embedding ACEs within social and behavioral contexts. 健康不平等的压力途径:在社会和行为背景下嵌入ace。

International public health journal Pub Date : 2016-04-01

Paula S Nurius, Sara Green, Patricia Logan-Greene, Dario Longhi, Chiho Song

{"title":"Stress pathways to health inequalities: Embedding ACEs within social and behavioral contexts.","authors":"Paula S Nurius, Sara Green, Patricia Logan-Greene, Dario Longhi, Chiho Song","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study addresses whether adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) demonstrate disproportional prevalence across demographic- and health-affecting characteristics, offer significant explanation of adult health outcomes, and show patterned association with illness susceptibility early within and across adulthood when viewed in combination with income and psychosocial resources.Methods: Data were derived from a population-based state health survey using stratified random sampling of household adults (n=7,470): ages 18-99 (M=55), 59.9% females, and race/ethnicity, income and education levels representative of the region. We assessed ACEs by aggregating 8 adversity forms, 5 health behaviors and 3 psychosocial resources; and health outcomes (number of chronic conditions, subjective wellness).Results: Disproportionality was evident in ACEs levels by demographics, adult SES, health behaviors, and psychosocial resources in expected directions. Stepped multiple regressions of health outcomes demonstrated significant betas and R2 change for each predictor block, revealing cumulative as well as unique explanatory utility. Early onset chronic illness was evident on the basis of ACEs levels. These illnesses were amplified for low income respondents. Prevalence was highest across adulthood for those also reporting low psychosocial assets.Conclusions: Findings offer novel insights as to the \"long reach\" of childhood adversity on health, conditioned by circumstances under which these effects may occur. Health resilience offered by health behaviors and psychosocial resources should shape thinking about preventive and remedial interventions by social work and allied professionals across a range of settings.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"8 2","pages":"241-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4891624/pdf/nihms634559.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34620750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Who Do Smokers Feel Ought to Be Responsible for Informing People about the Dangers Associated with Smoking and Regulating Smoking Behaviors? 吸烟者认为谁应该负责告知人们吸烟的危害并规范吸烟行为?

International public health journal Pub Date : 2015-07-01

Claire E Sterk, Hugh Klein, Kirk W Elifson

{"title":"Who Do Smokers Feel Ought to Be Responsible for Informing People about the Dangers Associated with Smoking and Regulating Smoking Behaviors?","authors":"Claire E Sterk, Hugh Klein, Kirk W Elifson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The focus of this paper is to examine the extent to which a community-based sample of current cigarette smokers believes it to be the responsibility of outside persons and agencies to inform the public about the dangers of smoking and/or to regulate smoking behaviors (herein termed REGULATE). Also investigated is how REGULATE relates to smokers' attitudes toward cigarette smoking and actual smoking practices, and whether REGULATE matters when the influence of other key variables is taken into account.Method: Questionnaire-based interviews were conducted with a community-based sample of 485 adult current cigarette smokers recruited from the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. Active and passive recruiting approaches were used, along with a targeted sampling strategy.Results: Participants were divided in their beliefs pertaining to REGULATE. Their beliefs were related consistently to smoking-related attitudes but much less to actual smoking behaviors. Four factors (greater religiosity, older age of first purchasing a cigarette, lower levels of depression, and sexual abuse history) were found to underlie REGULATE. Structural equation analysis revealed that REGULATE is an influential measure to consider when trying to understand overall attitudes toward smoking and actual smoking behaviors.Conclusion: REGULATE is an important variable to consider when aiming to understand the factors associated with how people feel about their smoking practices, including actual cigarette use. It may be construed as a proxy measure for locus of control; and the implications of this are discussed.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"7 3","pages":"301-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6157742/pdf/nihms-985751.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36538181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Building a co-created citizen science program with gardeners neighboring a superfund site: The Gardenroots case study. 与超级基金站点附近的园丁共同创建公民科学项目:Gardenroots案例研究。

International public health journal Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Monica D Ramirez-Andreotta, Mark L Brusseau, Janick Artiola, Raina M Maier, A Jay Gandolfi

{"title":"Building a co-created citizen science program with gardeners neighboring a superfund site: The Gardenroots case study.","authors":"Monica D Ramirez-Andreotta, Mark L Brusseau, Janick Artiola, Raina M Maier, A Jay Gandolfi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A research project that is only expert-driven may ignore the role of local knowledge in research, give low priority to the development of a comprehensive communication strategy to engage the community, and may not deliver the results of the study to the community in an effective way.Objective: To demonstrate how a research program can respond to a community research need, establish a community-academic partnership, and build a co-created citizen science program.Methods: A place-based, community-driven project was designed where academics and community members maintained a reciprocal dialogue, and together, we: 1) defined the question for study, 2) gathered information, 3) developed hypotheses, 3) designed data collection methodologies, 4) collected environmental samples (soil, irrigation water, and vegetables), 5) interpreted data, 6) disseminated results and translated results into action, and 7) discussed results and asked new questions.Results: The co-created environmental research project produced new data and addressed an additional exposure route (consumption of vegetables grown in soils with elevated arsenic levels). Public participation in scientific research improved environmental health assessment, information transfer, and risk communication efforts. Furthermore, incorporating the community in the scientific process produced both individual learning outcomes and community-level outcomes.Conclusions: This approach illustrates the benefits of a community-academic co-created citizen-science program in addressing the complex problems that arise in communities neighboring a contaminated site. Such a project can increase the community's involvement in risk communication and decision-making, which ultimately has the potential to help mitigate exposure and thereby reduce associated risk.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4420190/pdf/nihms633688.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33286221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using concept mapping to mobilize a Black faith community to address HIV. 利用概念图动员黑人宗教团体应对艾滋病。

International public health journal Pub Date : 2015-01-01

Magdalena Szaflarski, Lisa M Vaughn, Daniel McLinden, Yolanda Wess, Andrew Ruffner

{"title":"Using concept mapping to mobilize a Black faith community to address HIV.","authors":"Magdalena Szaflarski, Lisa M Vaughn, Daniel McLinden, Yolanda Wess, Andrew Ruffner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Research that partners with community stakeholders increases contextual relevance and community buy-in and maximizes the chance for intervention success. Within a framework of an academic-community partnership, this project assessed a Black faith-community's needs and opportunities to address HIV. We used concept mapping to identify/prioritize specific HIV-related strategies that would be acceptable to congregations. Ninety stakeholders brainstormed strategies to address HIV; 21 sorted strategies into groups and rated their importance and feasibility. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis were applied to the sorting to produce maps that illustrated the stakeholders' conceptual thinking about HIV interventions. Of 278 responses, 93 were used in the sorting task. The visual maps represented eight clusters: church acceptance of people living with HIV; education (most feasible); mobilization and communication; church/leaders' empowerment; church involvement/collaboration; safety/HIV prevention; media outreach; and, stigma (most important). Concept mapping clarified multifaceted issues of HIV in the Black faith community. The results will guide HIV programming in congregations.","PeriodicalId":89946,"journal":{"name":"International public health journal","volume":"7 1","pages":"117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325719/pdf/nihms847157.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34766377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0