{"title":"Resumption of meiotic maturation","authors":"F. Longo","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73878469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"General considerations of fertilization: a definition","authors":"F. Longo","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90401988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sperm—egg binding","authors":"F. Longo","doi":"10.1201/9781003059912-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003059912-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"214 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77558462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The spermatozoon","authors":"F. Longo","doi":"10.1201/9781003059912-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003059912-2","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the brilliant disclosures from biological research in the past quarter century about the nature of the genetic code, as well as how the genetic information system works through cooperating proteins in message transmittal, there has been surprisingly little attention paid or thought given to the role of the male gamete in species economy other than as a vehicle for bridging generations. The repetitive nature from species to species of male gametogenesis has been observed, as has the sequence of events giving spermatozoa functional integrity and competence, but their period of independence and their senescence have not been clearly detailed and the significance of these events integrated into the body of biological knowledge. The worldwide, 40-year experience with commercial artificial insemination of cattle in genetic improvement programs has generated most of the research and experience resulting in a system of practical, manipulative management of mammalian spermatozoa from which precise fertility data have emerged. These data revealed many facts about such spermatozoa that would not so readily have been observed otherwise. Such observations on a familiar mammalian species and their comparison with those made on more manipulatable species for laboratory control suggest a highly interacting life-cycle pattern for spermatozoa in which environmental temperature plays a controlling role and emphasizes the potential importance of the male in species evolution.","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76885636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Egg activation","authors":"F. Longo","doi":"10.1201/9781003059912-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003059912-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73847567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Blocks to polyspermy and the cortical granule reaction","authors":"F. Longo","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81318171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Association of the male and female pronuclei: the concluding events of fertilization","authors":"F. Longo","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81031337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gamete fusion and sperm incorporation","authors":"F. Longo","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-3264-8_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74933829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ming-Wen Li, Olivia C Glass, Jasmin Zarrabi, Lisa N Baker, K C Kent Lloyd
{"title":"Cryorecovery of Mouse Sperm by Different IVF Methods Using MBCD and GSH.","authors":"Ming-Wen Li, Olivia C Glass, Jasmin Zarrabi, Lisa N Baker, K C Kent Lloyd","doi":"10.4172/2375-4508.1000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4508.1000175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different protocols incorporating methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MBCD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) have been reported to improve IVF recovery of cryopreserved mouse sperm on a C57BL/6 (J and N) genetic background. However, it is not clear which IVF protocol is most appropriate when using the various methods to cryorecover sperm with different sperm quality and sample volumes. Therefore, in the present study we correlated sperm motility with fertilization rate and compared the efficiency of different IVF methods using various sperm samples so as to establish general guidelines for mouse sperm cryorecovery by IVF. High linear correlation between sperm fertilization rate and progressive motility was found, R<sup>2</sup> was 0.9623 and 0.9993 for pre-freezing and post-thaw progressive motility, respectively. High amounts of cryoprotective agent (CPA) were observed to impair both sperm capacitation and fertilization. Moreover, the presence of a large number of immotile sperm in the sperm-oocyte co-incubation drop was found to reduce IVF success which could be partially reversed by supplementation using monothioglycerol (MTG) during centrifugation. It was concluded that the efficiency of IVF using cryorecovered mouse sperm in media containing MBCD and GSH can be predicted from sperm progressive motility. High concentrations of CPA and immotile sperm should be mitigated prior to IVF. The optimum IVF method should be selected based on sperm sample volume and sperm parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2375-4508.1000175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34668430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nuclear routing networks span between nuclear pore complexes and genomic DNA to guide nucleoplasmic trafficking of biomolecules.","authors":"Marek Malecki, Bianca Malecki","doi":"10.4172/2165-7491.1000112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7491.1000112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In health and disease, biomolecules, which are involved in gene expression, recombination, or reprogramming have to traffic through the nucleoplasm, between nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and genomic DNA (gDNA). This trafficking is guided by the recently revealed nuclear routing networks (NRNs).In this study, we aimed to investigate, if the NRNs have established associations with the genomic DNA in situ and if the NRNs have capabilities to bind the DNA de novo. Moreover, we aimed to study further, if nucleoplasmic trafficking of the histones, rRNA, and transgenes' vectors, between the NPCs and gDNA, is guided by the NRNs.We used Xenopus laevis oocytes as the model system. We engineered the transgenes' DNA vectors equipped with the SV40 LTA nuclear localization signals (NLS) and/or HIV Rev nuclear export signals (NES). We purified histones, 5S rRNA, and gDNA. We rendered all these molecules superparamagnetic and fluorescent for detection with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), total reflection x-ray fluorescence (TXRF), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDXS), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).The NRNs span between the NPCs and genomic DNA. They form firm bonds with the gDNA in situ. After complete digestion of the nucleic acids with the RNases and DNases, the newly added DNA - modified with the dNTP analogs, bonds firmly to the NRNs. Moreover, the NRNs guide the trafficking of the DNA transgenes' vectors - modified with the SV40 LTA NLS, following their import into the nuclei through the NPCs. The pathway is identical to that of histones. The NRNs also guide the trafficking of the DNA transgenes' vectors, modified with the HIV Rev NES, to the NPCs, followed by their export out of the nuclei. Ribosomal RNAs follow the same pathway.To summarize, the NRNs are the structures connecting the NPCs and the gDNA. They guide the trafficking of the biomolecules between the NPCs and the gDNA.</p>","PeriodicalId":89688,"journal":{"name":"Journal of fertilization in vitro","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4172/2165-7491.1000112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40199995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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