Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler最新文献

Sialic acids structure-analysis-metabolism-occurrence-recognition. 唾液酸结构-分析-代谢-发生-识别。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.325

G Reuter, H J Gabius

{"title":"Sialic acids structure-analysis-metabolism-occurrence-recognition.","authors":"G Reuter, H J Gabius","doi":"10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.325","url":null,"abstract":"Sialic acids are commonly positioned at non-reducing termini of complex carbohydrates. Steady refinements of analytical techniques have enabled detailed mapping of the complexity of sialic acids, unravelling a number of possibilities for substitutions. These developments have aided the description of the required enzymatic activities. In view of the physiological significance of this intriguing extent of variability of one sugar unit, the assumption that distinct types of sialic acids can serve as ligands in recognitive interactions is gaining support. It is reinforced by the discovery of several classes of mammalian lectins that bind sialo-glycoconjugates. Notably, an often encountered modification of sialic acids, namely O-acetylation, can be considered as a modulatory signal in recognition, either serving as contact point or masking a ligand structure. The increased knowledge of the physiological roles of sialic acids, for example in selectin-mediated leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation or in influenza virus propagation, even points to clinical applications. This perspective has led the field from the inherently descriptive beginning to technically sophisticated attempts for deliberate drug design.","PeriodicalId":8963,"journal":{"name":"Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler","volume":"377 6","pages":"325-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19807141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 75

Selective inhibition of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase by isoquinoline derivatives. 异喹啉衍生物选择性抑制环amp依赖性蛋白激酶。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.373

Z X Lu, N H Quazi, L W Deady, G M Polya

{"title":"Selective inhibition of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase by isoquinoline derivatives.","authors":"Z X Lu, N H Quazi, L W Deady, G M Polya","doi":"10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.373","url":null,"abstract":"A large series of isoquinoline derivatives was synthesised including derivatives of isoquinoline, isoquinolino[3,4-c]furazan, 1,2-dihydro-1-oxoisoquinoline, 6-oxopyrimido[1,2-d]isoquinoline, benzo[c][1,8]-naphthyridine, pyrazino[2,3-c]isoquinoline and benzimidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline as well as further structurally related isoquinoline derivatives and pyrido-2,3-furazans. Representatives of all of these classes of isoquinolines are potent and selective inhibitors of the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) catalytic subunit (cAK) from rat liver. The most effective cAK inhibitors are a series of 1,3-di-substituted and 1,3,4-tri-substituted isoquinolines (IC50 values 30-50 nM) (compounds A1, A2, A3, A4 and A5) and 2-ethylcarboxy-3-amino-5,6-dihydro-6-oxobenzo[c] [1,8]naphthyridine (E1) (IC50 0.08 microM). Compounds A1-A5 inhibit cAK in a fashion that is competitive with respect to ATP as substrate. The isoquinoline inhibitors A1-A5 are ineffective or very poor inhibitors of wheat embryo Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) and rat brain Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase C (PKC), chicken gizzard myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and potato tuber cyclic nucleotide-binding phosphatase (Pase). E1 is a moderately effective inhibitor of CDPK and PKC (IC50 values 30 and 61 microM, respectively). The bisisoquinoline-1(2H)-one compound B7 inhibits cAK, CDPK, PKC and MLCK (IC50 values 8, 95, 24 and 7 microM, respectively) as does J1 [2-(p-bromophenyl)pyrrolo-[2,3-c]isoquinoline-5(4H)-one] (IC50 values 2, 50, 44 and 7 microM, respectively). The very potent isoquinoline-derived cAK inhibitors found here involve substitution of the N-containing isoquinoline ring system and these inhibitors show high specificity for cAK.","PeriodicalId":8963,"journal":{"name":"Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler","volume":"377 6","pages":"373-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19807145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

Substrate and inhibitor specificity of glutamine cyclotransferase (QC). 谷氨酰胺环转移酶(QC)底物和抑制剂特异性。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-06-01

M Y Gololobov, W Wang, R C Bateman

引用次数: 0

Rapid purification and characterization of two distinct N-deoxyribosyltransferases of Lactobacillus leichmannii. 莱希曼乳杆菌两种不同n -脱氧核糖基转移酶的快速纯化和鉴定。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.6.357

J Becker, M Brendel

引用次数: 14

Glycyl-tRNA synthetase. Glycyl-tRNA合成酶。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-06-01

W Freist, D T Logan, D H Gauss

{"title":"Glycyl-tRNA synthetase.","authors":"W Freist, D T Logan, D H Gauss","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Glycyl-tRNA synthetase, a class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, catalyzes the synthesis of glycyl-tRNA, which is required to insert glycine into proteins. In a side reaction the enzyme also synthesizes dinuceloside polyphosphates, which probably participate in regulation of cell functions. Glycine is the smallest amino acid occurring in natural proteins, probably established as a protein component very early in evolution. Besides the amino and the carboxyl groups there is no functional group in the molecule. Alanine, the amino acid which is structurally most similar to glycine, possesses an additional methyl group as 'side chain'. Glycyl-tRNA synthetase is one of the few synthetases which exhibit different oligomeric structures in different organisms (alpha 2 beta 2 and alpha 2). The alpha 2 beta 2 enzymes exhibit similarities to PheRS (also an alpha 2 beta 2 enzyme). The alpha 2 forms belong to the subclass IIa enzymes with regard to sequence homologies. In eukaryotes the polypeptide is weakly associated with multienzyme complexes consisting of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. In the aminoacylation reaction a 'half-of-the-sites' mechanism as found for GlyRS from Bombyx mori is probably used by all glycyl-tRNA synthetases under in vivo conditions. Essentially, tRNAGly is recognized by GlyRS through standard identity elements in the anticodon region and in the acceptor stem. The last three facts may indicate that GlyRS is an enzyme which still possesses properties of a primordial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Nine genes of glycyl-tRNA synthetases from six organisms have been sequenced. They encode synthetase subunits of chain lengths ranging from 300-700 amino acids. One crystal structure, that of the alpha 2 enzyme from Thermus thermophilus, has also been determined. The two subunits each possess three domains: the active site resembling that of aspartyl and seryl enzymes, a C-terminal anticodon recognition domain, and one domain which almost certainly interacts with the acceptor stem of tRNAGly. Antibodies against glycyl-RNA synthetase occur in the sera of patients suffering from polymyositis and interstitial lung disease.","PeriodicalId":8963,"journal":{"name":"Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler","volume":"377 6","pages":"343-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19807142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhibition of bovine cathepsins L and S by stefins and cystatins. 胱抑素和胱抑素对牛组织蛋白酶L和S的抑制作用。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-05-01

A Leonardi, B Turk, V Turk

引用次数: 0

GSH transporters: molecular characterization and role in GSH homeostasis. 谷胱甘肽转运体:分子表征及其在谷胱甘肽稳态中的作用。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-05-01 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.5.267

N Kaplowitz, J C Fernández-Checa, R Kannan, C Garcia-Ruiz, M Ookhtens, J R Yi

引用次数: 95

Species specificity of thimet oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.15). 硫柳寡肽酶的物种特异性(EC 3.4.24.15)。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-05-01 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.5.283

M A Hayashi, M D Gomes, N A Rebouças, B L Fernandes, E S Ferro, A C de Camargo

{"title":"Species specificity of thimet oligopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.15).","authors":"M A Hayashi, M D Gomes, N A Rebouças, B L Fernandes, E S Ferro, A C de Camargo","doi":"10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.5.283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.5.283","url":null,"abstract":"The recombinant rat testes metallo-endooligopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.15) and the rabbit brain endooligopeptidase A (formerly EC 3.4.22.19) were compared, side-by-side, in view of their striking similarities in both the physicochemical features and the specificities for oligopeptides. Concerning the tissue distribution in rat and rabbit, no relation between the levels of enzyme activity in cytosol and the levels of metallo-endooligopeptidase 24.15 mRNA could be established. The results suggest that the predominant neuropeptide-metabolizing activity attributed to the metallo-endooligopeptidase 24.15 is performed by, at least, two distinct cytosolic enzymes, one predominant in rat testes and the other in rabbit brain and testes, and possibly also in rat brain. Both enzymes are activated by dithiothreitol and irreversibly inhibited by a SH-affinity labeling dynorphin-related compound, but they are not inhibited by EDTA in a concentration dependent manner. Both enzymes exhibit the same specificity toward several bioactive peptides, except for LH-RH and substance P, which are only hydrolysed by the rat testes enzyme. Taken together, these results lead us to conclude that it is unlikely that the recombinant rat testes metallo-endooligopeptidase 24.15 and the rabbit brain endooligopeptidase A are the same molecule although they might belong to the same family of oligopeptidases.","PeriodicalId":8963,"journal":{"name":"Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler","volume":"377 5","pages":"283-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.5.283","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19797211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Dramatic changes in the ratio of homologous recombination to nonhomologous DNA-end joining in oocytes and early embryos of Xenopus laevis. 非洲爪蟾卵母细胞和早期胚胎中同源重组与非同源dna末端连接比率的显著变化。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-04-01 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.4.239

M Hagmann, K Adlkofer, P Pfeiffer, R Bruggmann, O Georgiev, D Rungger, W Schaffner

{"title":"Dramatic changes in the ratio of homologous recombination to nonhomologous DNA-end joining in oocytes and early embryos of Xenopus laevis.","authors":"M Hagmann, K Adlkofer, P Pfeiffer, R Bruggmann, O Georgiev, D Rungger, W Schaffner","doi":"10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.4.239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.4.239","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a versatile plasmid vector (pReco-sigma) for recombination studies. When linearized and introduced into the cells of interest, pReco-sigma allows the simultaneous determination of the relative frequencies of homologous recombination versus nonhomologous DNA-end joining (also termed end-to-end joining), the latter an example of illegitimate recombination processes. As a system we made use of stage VI oocytes and fertilized eggs of the African clawed frog Xenopus laevis, which were previously described to support homologous recombination and DNA-end joining, respectively. Extending these earlier findings, we show that oocytes yield > 80% of the homologously recombined product, whereas in eggs a highly efficient DNA-end joining activity predominates (> 95%). Both reactions, homologous recombination and DNA-end joining, are shown to occur quickly, with the majority of the respective products being formed within the first 20 minutes of incubation under optimal conditions. In fertilized eggs, up to 50% of all injected linear DNA molecules are recircularized by DNA-end joining. With high amounts of injected DNA per fertilized egg, DNA-end joining is reduced, presumably due to competition for essential factors, and homologous recombination becomes readily detectable. As there is a sequence of rapid cleavage divisions after fertilization of the egg, the fast and highly efficient DNA-end joining, even though it is error-prone at the junction site, seems to be best suited to cope with DNA double-strand breaks that might occur in the genome during early embryogenesis. On the other hand, the long-lived oocytes seem to repair DNA double-strand breaks via homologous recombination. This latter property may be exploited both in Xenopus and in other organisms to achieve homologous integration of exogenous DNA into germ cells for gene targeting.","PeriodicalId":8963,"journal":{"name":"Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler","volume":"377 4","pages":"239-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.4.239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19710701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

The rps4-gene is encoded upstream of the nad2-gene in Arabidopsis mitochondria. rps4基因编码在拟南芥线粒体nad2基因的上游。

Biological chemistry Hoppe-Seyler Pub Date : 1996-04-01 DOI: 10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.4.251

B Lippok, A Brennicke, M Unseld

引用次数: 16