{"title":"Operations research applications in hospital operations: Part III","authors":"T. Abe, B. Beamon, R. Storch, Justin Agus","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2016.1199613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2016.1199613","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hospital decision and policy makers are tasked with developing innovative strategies to provide patients with quality healthcare in an effective and efficient manner. Operations research (OR) methods have been applied to hospital operations to improve effectiveness and efficiency. In this three-part article, we review OR applications in hospital environments. In particular, we develop a timeline of events in US healthcare from the late 1940s to 2015 and separate the timeline into four eras: Expansion, Cost Control, Reform, and Accountability. Part I of the article describes the Eras of Expansion and Cost Control, Part II describes the Era of Reform, and Part III describes the Era of Accountability. Research performed during each era is contextualized and stratified by OR method and hospital operations application area. The series of three articles provides a comprehensive review of publications detailing operations research applications in hospital operations. The following is Part III, which details the OR applications in hospital operation area publications from 2010 to January 2015. During the Era of Accountability, the most commonly used OR methods were discrete event simulation and deterministic modeling (optimization), while the most common hospital operation areas where OR methods were applied were staff, room, and patient scheduling, as well as general patient flow assessment.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"175 - 191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2016.1199613","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60570102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ai-Cheng Huang, Wan-Lin Hsieh, Chung-Yu Pan, Shiang-Ferng Ou, Hsiu-Ho Wang
{"title":"Applying HFMEA for the prevention of human error during instrument sterilization procedures: A case study on a medical center in central Taiwan","authors":"Ai-Cheng Huang, Wan-Lin Hsieh, Chung-Yu Pan, Shiang-Ferng Ou, Hsiu-Ho Wang","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2016.1199612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2016.1199612","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aimed to demonstrate two main points: (1) not only employees from medical equipment supply rooms, but also others who use germ-free equipment, need to be educated; and (2) employee training on the comprehensive concept of asepsis is effective. A medical center in Central Taiwan was investigated for a case study, and 100 samples were stratified and randomly selected from the clinical units exhibiting three top defective rates. Healthcare failure mode and effect analysis (HFMEA) was adopted to evaluate the entire process of equipment sterilization. Hazard analysis and a decision tree were used to identify potential failure modes and factors that should be improved. This study indicates that the causes for failure are mostly human errors, including a lack of knowledge regarding precaution and professional knowledge, busyness, carelessness, cost saving, and unsuitable packages. The second part of our results showed that comprehensive knowledge of the equipment sterilization procedure is required; this can reduce the defect rate from 49% to 3.7%. The results showed that HFMEA could be applied for reducing risk factors in potential failure modes, thereby not only enhancing patient safety but also improving the effectiveness of the management of medical instruments and supplies.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"162 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2016.1199612","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60570099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A study of home telehealth diffusion among US home healthcare agencies using system dynamics","authors":"M. Kilinç, Ashlea Bennett Milburn","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2016.1195461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2016.1195461","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Home telehealth is a type of telemedicine technology that enables the collection and remote transmission of health data from a patient to a healthcare provider. It enables healthcare professionals to remotely monitor the health progress of patients, especially those with chronic illnesses, on a daily basis. By utilizing home telehealth, home healthcare agencies can provide better chronic care while reducing costs. Furthermore, the use of home telehealth has been shown to decrease the utilization of more acute care services, such as hospitalizations and emergency department visits. Hence, a widespread adoption of HT technologies holds great potential for the current US healthcare system. In this study, a Bass diffusion model is used to understand the diffusion of home telehealth among home healthcare agencies in the US over time. The diffusion model is embedded within a system dynamics model to study how home telehealth will impact the long-term utilization of services in the US healthcare system. The potential benefits of home telehealth over a ten-year horizon are projected in a computational study. Results indicate significant cost savings in even the most conservative test instances studied.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"140 - 161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2016.1195461","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60570028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Outpatient chemotherapy planning: A literature review with insights from a case study","authors":"G. Lamé, O. Jouini, Julie Stal-Le Cardinal","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2016.1189469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2016.1189469","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With an ageing population and more efficient treatments, demand for cancer care is increasing. Therefore, hospitals need to find ways to improve their operational efficiency for cancer care. In this article, we review the contributions in the operations management and operations research (OM/OR) literature that address the planning of outpatient chemotherapy, one of the main treatments for cancer. The distinctive characteristics of outpatient chemotherapy are highlighted. In particular, the interdependence between the administration of chemotherapy drugs in the outpatient clinic and drug preparation in the pharmacy is pointed out. This makes outpatient chemotherapy planning a multiple-department challenge where coordination is essential to the global performance of the system. The modeling challenges induced by this interdependence and by the clinical dimension of chemotherapy are presented. Finally, a case study is performed to confront the literature with the reality of a hospital. Important gaps in the literature are outlined, such as the lack of studies taking an integrated, systemic perspective on this multi-department issue.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"127 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2016.1189469","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60569827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A stochastic programming approach to reduce patient wait times and overtime in an outpatient infusion center","authors":"J. Castaing, Amy E. M. Cohn, B. Denton, A. Weizer","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2016.1189468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2016.1189468","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Chemotherapy infusion treatments for cancer have significant and unpredictable variability in duration. This variability can have negative impact on operations – both patient wait time and staff overtime – if not managed well. From an appointment scheduling optimization perspective, this problem has a unique structure because a single server (a nurse) attends to multiple customers (patients) at one time. Based on our observations at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center (UMCCC) and collaborations with clinicians there, we present a two-stage stochastic integer program for designing patient appointment schedules under uncertainty in treatment times. The objective is to minimize a trade-off between expected patient wait times and expected total time required to treat patients. We show that solving this optimization problem exactly requires a prohibitive computational time, so we develop a heuristic algorithm to find approximate solutions. We also present an approach to compute lower bounds on the optimal objective value that we use to analyze the performance of our algorithm. Computational experiments based on real-world data are presented and used to draw managerial insights.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"111 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2016.1189468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60569760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Operations research applications in hospital operations: Part II","authors":"T. Abe, B. Beamon, R. Storch, Justin Agus","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2016.1162880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2016.1162880","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hospital managers are tasked with developing innovative strategies to provide patients with quality healthcare in an effective and efficient manner. Operations research (OR) methods have been applied to hospital operations to improve effectiveness and efficiency. In this three-part article, we review OR applications in hospital environments. In particular, we develop a timeline of events in US healthcare from the late 1940s to 2015 and separate the timeline into four eras: Expansion, Cost Control, Reform, and Accountability. Part I of the article describes the Eras of Expansion and Cost Control, Part II describes the Era of Reform, and Part III describes the Era of Accountability. Research performed during each era is contextualized and stratified by OR method and hospital operations application area. The following article is Part II of the three-part article, which details the OR applications in hospital operation area publications from 1990 to 2009. During the Era of Reform, the most commonly used OR methods were discrete event simulation and deterministic modeling (optimization), while the hospital operations areas where OR methods were applied were staff, room, and patient scheduling, as well as general patient flow assessment.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"109 - 96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2016.1162880","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60569931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-scale modeling and simulation of complex systems: Opportunities and challenges","authors":"Alan D. Ravitz, T. Mazzuchi, S. Sarkani","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2016.1156201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2016.1156201","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Healthcare, like other industries, large corporations, and institutions, is a complex system composed of many diverse interacting components. Frequently, to improve performance of a system, to move into new markets, or to expand capability or capacity, healthcare decision makers face opportunities or mandates to implement innovations (new technology, processes, and services). Successful implementation of these innovations involves seamless integration with the policy, economic, social, and technological dynamics associated with the complex system. These dynamics are frequently difficult for decision makers to observe and understand. Consequently, they take on risk from lack of insight into how best to implement the innovation and how their system-of-interest will ultimately perform. This research defines a modeling and simulation framework that provides decision makers with prospective insight into the likely performance to expect once an innovation is implemented in a complex system. We describe the need for such a framework when modeling complex systems, and we discuss suitable simulation paradigms and the challenges related to implementing these simulations. We focus on a specific example in the healthcare field to demonstrate the framework's application and utility in understanding how an innovation, once fielded, will actually affect the larger complex system to which it belongs.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"79 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2016.1156201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60569705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stratified patient appointment scheduling for mobile community-based chronic disease management programs","authors":"M. Savelsbergh, K. Smilowitz","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2016.1156200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2016.1156200","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Disease management programs have emerged as a cost-effective approach to treat chronic diseases. Appointment adherence is critical to the success of such programs; missed appointments are costly, resulting in reduced resource utilization and worsening of patients’ health states. The time of an appointment is one of the factors that impacts adherence. We investigate the benefits, in terms of improved adherence, of incorporating patients’ time-of-day preferences during appointment schedule creation and, thus, ultimately, on population health outcomes. Through an extensive computational study, we demonstrate, more generally, the usefulness of patient stratification in appointment scheduling in the environment that motivates our research, a mobile asthma management program. We find that capturing patient characteristics in appointment scheduling, especially their time preferences, leads to substantial improvements in community health outcomes. We also identify settings in which simple, easy-to-use policies can produce schedules that are comparable in quality to those obtained with an optimization-based approach.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"32 1","pages":"65 - 78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2016.1156200","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60569617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Using the health belief model to examine the effect of educational programs on individual protective behaviors toward seasonal influenza","authors":"E. Karimi, K. Schmitt, A. Akgunduz","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2015.1126872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2015.1126872","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to use Health Belief Model (HBM) concepts to predict public's intentions to develop protective behaviors toward seasonal influenza (vaccination and social-distancing) and to explore the effect of education (awareness) programs on individual's protective behaviors. In order to study individual's behaviors toward developing protective strategies against seasonal influenza, two groups of undergraduate students with similar demographic and educational backgrounds were studied. The first group (control) represented the behavioral patterns of participants, based on their general knowledge of influenza and its interventions while the second group (treatment) represented the behavioral patterns of participants who have been educated by a healthcare expert. The results suggest that educational programs or information distributions which provide sufficient information to increase individuals' perceived susceptibility toward influenza, and also provide them with enough information on influenza vaccination, its efficiency, its low potential side effects and its availability, could increase the rate of the development of these efficient protective behaviors among students. Our work indicates that educational programs which focus on susceptibility to the influenza virus and the perceived benefits and perceived barriers of social distancing will have a better effect on increasing the rate of social distancing among students.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"55 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2015.1126872","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60569209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response-guided dosing for rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"J. Kotas, A. Ghate","doi":"10.1080/19488300.2015.1126873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19488300.2015.1126873","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an auto-immune disease with an unknown cause. Many patients receiving traditional methotrexate treatment continue to exhibit joint damage and are then treated with biologics. Biologic treatment is difficult owing to the uncertainty in dose-response, high cost, side effects, and intravenous administration. Recent clinical trials have therefore attempted response-guided dosing (RGD), where the hope is to adapt biologic doses over the treatment course based on each patient’s observed evolution of the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28). We provide a stochastic dynamic programming (DP) framework to facilitate RGD. We present a concrete formulation where the DAS28 response is modeled using a stochastic Michaelis-Menten formula. The goal is to balance the DAS28 attained at the end of the course with the weighted total dose administered. We perform numerical experiments using data from the OPTION trial and observe that the optimal dosing policy gives higher doses in worse DAS28 scores. We present sensitivity analyses to provide further insights into this monotone dosing policy. This basic formulation is extended to a general stochastic DP for RGD. This is also applicable to other diseases and conditions such as hepatitis C, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and AIDS. The DP allows for an arbitrary dose-response function, and balances the disutility of doses with the disutility of the disease condition reached. We prove that, when the decision-maker is risk-averse and the dose-response is supermodular and convex, there exists an optimal policy that gives higher doses in worse disease conditions. We provide several examples where these conditions are met.","PeriodicalId":89563,"journal":{"name":"IIE transactions on healthcare systems engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"1 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19488300.2015.1126873","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60569474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}