International journal of population research最新文献_第2页

Impact of Education on Fertility: Evidence from a Tribal Society in Assam, India 教育对生育率的影响:来自印度阿萨姆邦部落社会的证据

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-11-28 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3153685

Amarjyoti Mahanta

引用次数: 9

Impact of Postmigration Living Difficulties on the Mental Health of Afghan Migrants Residing in Istanbul 移民后生活困难对居住在伊斯坦布尔的阿富汗移民心理健康的影响

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-09-28 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7690697

Qais Alemi, Carl Stempel, Kelly Baek, L. Lares, Patricia Villa, Didem Danış, S. Montgomery

{"title":"Impact of Postmigration Living Difficulties on the Mental Health of Afghan Migrants Residing in Istanbul","authors":"Qais Alemi, Carl Stempel, Kelly Baek, L. Lares, Patricia Villa, Didem Danış, S. Montgomery","doi":"10.1155/2016/7690697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7690697","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The sociopolitical situation in Afghanistan continually pushes Afghans to seek safety and better socioeconomic prospects in neighboring and foreign countries. In this paper we examine the mental health of Afghan migrants residing in Istanbul, Turkey, an understudied population at high risk of psychopathology. Methods. We surveyed 158 Afghan migrants to assess psychological distress using a culturally grounded measure of mental health, the Afghan Symptom Checklist [ASCL], and used hierarchical regression analysis to examine the impact of postmigration living difficulties (PMLDs) on mental health. Results. We found that depressive, somatoform, anxiety-like symptoms occurred often, as did a number of culturally salient idioms of distress. Regression analyses showed that while socioeconomic variables and poor physical health status significantly predicted psychological distress, PMLDs exerted the strongest negative effect. The most pressing PMLDs for Afghans in Turkey are poverty, unemployment, lack of treatment for health problems, fears of being deported and related legal challenges, and family-related stressors. Conclusion. Our results point to the importance of the critical need to create culturally sensitive interventions to remediate high levels of psychological distress by addressing related PMLD stressors in a highly vulnerable Afghan migrant population residing in Turkey.","PeriodicalId":89391,"journal":{"name":"International journal of population research","volume":"94 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76860236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

The Effects of Declining Fertility on Household Socioeconomic Conditions in Tanzania: A Comparative Study of Urban versus Rural Areas of Kwimba District, Mwanza Region 生育率下降对坦桑尼亚家庭社会经济状况的影响:姆万扎地区金巴地区城市与农村地区的比较研究

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-08-23 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4716432

G. F. Masanja, Emmanuel B. Lwankomezi, C. Emmanuel

{"title":"The Effects of Declining Fertility on Household Socioeconomic Conditions in Tanzania: A Comparative Study of Urban versus Rural Areas of Kwimba District, Mwanza Region","authors":"G. F. Masanja, Emmanuel B. Lwankomezi, C. Emmanuel","doi":"10.1155/2016/4716432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4716432","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effects of declining fertility on household socioeconomic and health conditions in Tanzania, using a comparative survey of urban versus rural areas of Kwimba District in Mwanza region. Cross-sectional cum causal-comparative research design was adopted for the study. The target population is comprised of all females of the childbearing age residing in Kwimba District. The study utilized a stratified random sampling technique to pick two areas in the district while disproportionate random sampling technique was used to select 196 respondents. A questionnaire was used to elicit information from the respondents. Multivariate analyses were adopted to answer the three research questions of the study. The findings of this study revealed that women of the childbearing age from the two study sites in the district exhibited a small difference regarding fertility inequalities and socioeconomic and health conditions. This study also discovered a significant relationship between critical socioeconomic variables and women’s improved socioeconomic status in the communities. These findings, therefore, provide an explanation for the onset of fertility decline which has consequently led to some demonstrated demographic dividend at a household level. The paper recommends enhancement of social transformation and women empowerment in both rural and urban environments for sustained improved living conditions.","PeriodicalId":89391,"journal":{"name":"International journal of population research","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77782288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Trends and Patterns of Educational Homogamy in India: A Marriage Cohort Analysis 印度教育同性婚姻的趋势和模式:一项婚姻队列分析

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-08-18 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8562942

Kakoli Borkotoky, A. Gupta

{"title":"Trends and Patterns of Educational Homogamy in India: A Marriage Cohort Analysis","authors":"Kakoli Borkotoky, A. Gupta","doi":"10.1155/2016/8562942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8562942","url":null,"abstract":"Research in assortative mating in developing countries focused mainly on the cultural similarities of individuals till the most recent times. Educational homogamy was not considered a significant factor. This study examined the changes in educational homogamy of 39,257 ever-married couples in India for the three marriage cohorts 1964–1984, 1985–1995, and 1996–2006 by place of residence, religion, and economic background. The study also examined the regional pattern of educational homogamy based on female literacy and the probability of educational homogamy after adjusting for socioeconomic background of the respondent. Data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3) was used for the study. The study observed significant increase in educational homogamy for the successive marriage cohorts. Homogamy is concentrated at the extremes of the educational attainment. In urban areas, homogamy is concentrated among the higher educated individuals whereas, in rural areas, homogamy is high among uneducated individuals. The results also depict regions with higher female literacy having the highest educational homogamy and vice versa. The study also found an increase in the probability of homogamy and a decline in hypogamy for literate women, after accounting for socioeconomic confounders.","PeriodicalId":89391,"journal":{"name":"International journal of population research","volume":"40 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86385636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Distributive Implications of Fertility Changes in Latin America 拉丁美洲生育率变化对分配的影响

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-06-30 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8717265

Nicolás Badaracco, Leonardo Gasparini, M. Marchionni

引用次数: 6

Increasing Access and Adherence to the PMTCT Cascade: Is There a Role for Economic Strengthening Interventions? 提高预防母婴传播梯级的可及性和依从性:经济强化干预措施是否有作用?

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-06-27 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4039012

I. Yacobson, Morrisa A. Malkin, E. Lebetkin

{"title":"Increasing Access and Adherence to the PMTCT Cascade: Is There a Role for Economic Strengthening Interventions?","authors":"I. Yacobson, Morrisa A. Malkin, E. Lebetkin","doi":"10.1155/2016/4039012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/4039012","url":null,"abstract":"Interventions aimed at prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV are extremely effective but remain underutilized in many countries. Common economic barriers to PMTCT experienced by pregnant women with HIV are well documented. Addressing these economic barriers has a potential to improve PMTCT utilization and further reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission. This review examines the evidence of the effects economic strengthening (ES) interventions have on use of and adherence to PMTCT and other health services relevant to PMTCT cascade. While very few studies on ES interventions were conducted in PMTCT settings, the results of a recent randomised trial demonstrate that conditional cash transfers offered to women in PMTCT programme can significantly improve retention in care and adherence to treatment. This review also considers evidence on ES interventions conducted within other health care settings relevant to PMTCT cascade. While the evidence from other settings is promising, it may not be fully applicable to PMTCT and more quality research on ES interventions among population of pregnant women with HIV is needed. Answering some of the research questions formulated by this review can provide more evidence for programme implementers and guide decisions about how to increase women’s use of and adherence to PMTCT services.","PeriodicalId":89391,"journal":{"name":"International journal of population research","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87199936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Proximate Determinants of Fertility in Zambia: Analysis of the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey 赞比亚生育率的直接决定因素:2007年赞比亚人口与健康调查分析

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-04-14 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5236351

Mumbi Chola, C. Michelo

{"title":"Proximate Determinants of Fertility in Zambia: Analysis of the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey","authors":"Mumbi Chola, C. Michelo","doi":"10.1155/2016/5236351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/5236351","url":null,"abstract":"The role of proximate determinants in influencing fertility has been well documented worldwide. Bongaarts’ aggregate model of the proximate determinants (which focuses on marriage, contraception, abortion, and sterility) has been widely used to analyse the influence of proximate determinants on fertility. In Zambia, however, there is limited understanding of their effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of proximate determinants of fertility in Zambia using Bongaarts’ model. This was a cross-sectional analysis of women’s data from the 2007 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS). A total of 7,146 women aged 15 to 49 years participated in the ZDHS. Bongaarts’ model was employed in the data analysis. Results showed that, overall, mean age was 27.8 years and rural-urban distribution was 56% and 44%, respectively. Marriage (40%) and postpartum infecundity (22%) accounted for the largest inhibiting effect on natural fertility from its biological maximum of 19.10. Contraception use accounted for only 3%. Therefore, in order to manage fertility in Zambia, policies and programmes should consider the effects of marriage, postpartum infecundity, and contraception on fertility. Without such targeted interventions, managing and maintaining population growth will remain a challenge in Zambia.","PeriodicalId":89391,"journal":{"name":"International journal of population research","volume":"56 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74537300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Risk Factors for Overweight and Obesity among Mexican Children in New York 纽约墨西哥儿童超重和肥胖的危险因素

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-02-04 DOI: 10.1155/2016/2420167

Esperanza Tuñón-Pablos, Joanna Dreby

引用次数: 13

Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in High Mortality Regions of Ethiopia: An Analysis of the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey Data 埃塞俄比亚高死亡率地区5岁以下儿童死亡率的决定因素:2011年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查数据分析

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2016-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1602761

Solomon Gebretsadik, Emmanuel Gabreyohannes

{"title":"Determinants of Under-Five Mortality in High Mortality Regions of Ethiopia: An Analysis of the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey Data","authors":"Solomon Gebretsadik, Emmanuel Gabreyohannes","doi":"10.1155/2016/1602761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1602761","url":null,"abstract":"The study was a secondary analysis of existing data from the 2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey data. Of the 2097 live births recorded in Affar, Somali, Benishangul-Gumuz, and Gambela regions of Ethiopia between 2006 and 2011, 366 deaths before the age of five years were reported. The univariable and multivariable Cox proportional regression models were fitted to select the factors affecting under-five mortality in these regions. The model revealed that under-five mortality significantly associated with preceding birth interval, family size, birth type, breastfeeding status, source of drinking water, and income of mother. Children born after a preceding birth interval of 2-3 years and 3 years and above were significantly less likely to have died before their fifth birthday than those born within two years. Children who were breastfed, for any period, were 25.5% (HR 1.255, 1.005–1.567, p = 0.045) less likely to have died before their fifth birthday than those who were not breastfed. Increased birth interval time corresponds to a low probability of child mortality. Thus, mothers should be encouraged to wait for a sufficient number of months after a birth to conceive another child. Furthermore, breastfeeding was of paramount importance in the fight against child mortality.","PeriodicalId":89391,"journal":{"name":"International journal of population research","volume":"36 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82186031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 75

The Nexus between Child Marriage and Women Empowerment with Physical Violence in Two Culturally Distinct States of India 童婚与印度两个文化截然不同的邦的妇女赋权与身体暴力之间的关系

International journal of population research Pub Date : 2015-12-07 DOI: 10.1155/2015/458654

Jayakant Singh, Enu Anand

{"title":"The Nexus between Child Marriage and Women Empowerment with Physical Violence in Two Culturally Distinct States of India","authors":"Jayakant Singh, Enu Anand","doi":"10.1155/2015/458654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/458654","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. We investigated the relationship between child marriage among young women and their level of empowerment with spousal physical violence in two culturally distinct states of India (Bihar and Tamil Nadu) using nationally representative survey data. Empowerment index was calculated taking into account parameters such as mobility, economic independence, and decision-making power of a woman using Principal Component Analysis method. Lower level of women empowerment was significantly associated with physical violence in Tamil Nadu (OR = 2.38, ) whereas marriage before the age of 15 was associated with physical violence in Bihar (OR = 3.27, ). The mean age at marriage was low among women who reported physical violence as compared to those who did not report physical violence across Bihar and Tamil Nadu and at all India level. Although the majority of the women in Tamil Nadu justified wife beating and witnessed father beating mother as compared to the women from Bihar, however, they were less likely to report physical violence than women from Bihar. Factors contributing to physical violence are distinct in Bihar and Tamil Nadu. Culture specific intervention may be considered while planning intervention strategies to curb spousal violence against women.","PeriodicalId":89391,"journal":{"name":"International journal of population research","volume":"35 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76243186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6