The open conference proceedings journal最新文献

{"title":"Strategies for Integrating Reinforcement Into 3D Concrete Printing at the TU Dresden","authors":"Egor Ivaniuk, S. Müller, Tobias Neef, V. Mechtcherine","doi":"10.52825/ocp.v1i.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v1i.73","url":null,"abstract":"3D concrete printing (3DCP) has all the chances to become the future of the construction industry, but this technology is not yet widely applicable. One of the main challenges still to be mastered is the difficulty of reinforcing printed structures. At this point, many reinforcement strategies have already been proposed, which are fully or partially capable of solving the problem. This publication provides first an overview of existing reinforcement strategies, classified according to the time of reinforcement introduction: before, during, or after 3D printing. Then the authors present the approaches developed at the TU Dresden and provide readers with information on new methods that still are in the development stage.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87538779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strategies for Integrating Straight Rebar in 3DCP Columns and Shear Walls","authors":"Ana Anton, L. Reiter, Eleni Skevaki","doi":"10.52825/ocp.v1i.81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v1i.81","url":null,"abstract":"3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) is one of the most used digital fabrication processes with concrete as it allows the shaping of concrete into freeform geometries that optimize material use without the need for formworks. Despite the recent advancements of the technology, incorporating reinforcement remains one of its main shortcomings that obstruct it from being used in structural applications. The presented work proposes a diagonal grid of intersecting straight rebars as a reinforcement strategy for 3DCP. By acting as a guide for reinforcement in two directions, the resulting diagrid lattice offers structural efficiency and takes advantage of the geometric freedom of the fabrication process to integrate open channels during printing. Those can serve either as formwork for casting structural concrete or as channels for post-tensioning. The building components use less amount of concrete overall together with linear, inexpensive rebars. This design strategy was tested in a series of columns and a wall element and could be further extended to slabs. From a structural standpoint, the materialized prototypes should be tested and evaluated against existing structural systems for reinforced concrete.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82915928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interlayer Reinforcement in Shotcrete-3D-Printing","authors":"Niklas Freund, D. Lowke","doi":"10.52825/ocp.v1i.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v1i.72","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing with cement-based materials has recently become increasingly common on construction site. The high degree of freedom in individual geometric shapes, the associated potential for resource-efficient designs, and the high degree of automation could make this technology a milestone in the history of construction industry. Many of the existing manufacturing techniques are initially based on unreinforced concrete. However, for many structural elements, the use of reinforcement is indispensable and therefore the reinforcement integration represents a prerequisite. One promising reinforcement strategy is the use of interlayer reinforcement. This method specifically uses the layered characteristic of the additive manufacturing process by integrating reinforcement between the applied layers. In combination with an adaptive path planning, it is therefore possible to manufacture force-flow-compliant reinforced elements with a minimal increase in process complexity compared to an unreinforced production. However, besides the integration process itself, material-process interactions represent an important research topic. Especially for Shotcrete-3D-Printing, the use of accelerators can significantly change the structural build-up of the applied material and thus effect the bonding ability of the sprayed concrete to the integrated reinforcement element. The present study investigates the effect of accelerator dosage on the bond properties of integrated rebars. The resulting bond is analyzed non-destructively via computed tomography and mechanically by pull-out tests according to RILEM RC6. The results show that the material compaction caused by the sprayed application leads to excellent bond properties. However, by using high accelerator dosages, bond deteriorations can be observed.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90083231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Felt-Concrete Composites in Architecture and Design","authors":"M. Becker","doi":"10.52825/ocp.v1i.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v1i.84","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores the possibilities of a composite of needle-felt fibres and cement-based matrix for designing and fabricating architectural elements. It summarizes the longer standing design-research undertaking in needle-felting as a novel method for creating materially graded objects without the use of formwork. The work is conducted on a design prototype of a chair to emphasise the integrative nature of this material system. This approach allows the study of all aspects from the fabrication process, the function of details, structural behaviour, and user experience. \u0000Needle fleeting has a long tradition in arts and craft for manually forming intricate objects such as figurines or applying ornaments to textile objects. The main feature of felt material is that it can bring fibrous material into a stable shape. This process has been digitized by Disney Research proposing needle felting as a way of 3D-printing fibrous material[1]. Becker et al. also proposed a robotic process for robotically 3D-printing felt shapes [2] which form the base for a material composite of felt-fibers and a cement based matrix. Their paper argues for functionally graded architectural elements where the composite of felt and cement can provide for tensile reinforcement, compressive strength, insulation, and different haptic surfaces. Based these methods here a replica of IKEA® Leifarne chair is realized, showcasing a range of felt-concrete composite applications integrated in a single object.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90802976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Alignment of Microsteel Fibers as Strategy for Reinforcing UHPFRC","authors":"Lukas Ledderose, Abtin Baghdadi, H. Kloft","doi":"10.52825/ocp.v1i.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v1i.79","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this paper is to provide an insight into current basic research at ITE on the manufacturing process of resource-efficient components through the controlled, automated magnetic distribution and alignment of steel fibers in UHPFRC (Ultra-High Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete). The method for distributing and aligning steel fibers in UHPFRC is based on the physical phenomenon of magnetism. Since steel fibers are ferromagnetic, magnetic fields can selectively change their position in the fresh concrete and align them according to the force flow and the maxim \"form follows force\". The magnetic fiber alignment (MFA) process developed on this principle combines the capabilities of digital and automized component manufacturing with the potential of targeted fiber alignment to increase the material efficiency of UHPFRC. It is highlighted at four levels: UHPFRC \u0000At the material level, studies were conducted on the composite properties of different brand-new and recycled microsteel fibers (MSF), formwork designs suitable for the MFA process were developed, flux densities of different magnets were simulated with special software solutions and measured in practice, and an end effector was fabricated that was implemented on 3- and 6-axis kinematics. At the process level, the interaction of the main parameters of the MFA process was evaluated by visual analysis on transparent glucose syrup-based solutions, and series of specimens were analyzed by micro-CT scans. At the component level, centric tensile tests were performed on a wide variation of dog-bones to provide an assessment of the potential increase in tensile performance of UHPFRC by the MFA process. At an economic and environmental evaluation level, the results from the tensile tests were used to assess and quantify the potential savings from reducing the fiber content and using recycled steel fibers.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74339702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Reinforcement","authors":"Adam Orlinski, Klaas De Rycke, Moritz Heimrath","doi":"10.52825/ocp.v1i.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v1i.83","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of parametric modelling with structural analysis prompted new synergies between designing and engineering. The connection of structural calculation models such as Karamba3d to algorithmic modelling platforms such as Grasshopper3d allowed to embed tools for analysis and simulation into the environment of creative design processes. This way structural analysis advanced from its single sided calculation “duty” towards participation in design language of articulated structural expression.  3d-concrete-printing serves as a great new territory to apply the potential of real-time parametric structural analysis in the built environment of rapid prototyping and robotic fabrication. While 3d-printed-concrete rapidly advanced in technology and empiric know-how, so also grew the ambition to utilize them for larger purposes and bigger building projects. Known requirements such as structural integrity according to building code, interfaces for construction or waterproofing pose clear challenges for further realizations. In order to develop 3d-concrete-printing to its full potential all challenges must serve as opportunities to dissect and rethink established norms and practices, and to construct a new interdisciplinary rule book for an emerging building technology. In this field working through challenges via prototypes serve as great basis for development and allows for an applied discourse within the wider community. Furthermore to address challenges a flexible toolbox for structural analysis such as Karamba3d offers the potential to serve as an open instrument for structural analysis and to promote 3d-concrete-printing within that interdisciplinary effort to its next level. On the one hand the tool enables to suggest customized and optimized rebar layouts which could support the development of 3D-concrete-printing further. By enabling this more customizable calculation and tailored real time feedback for complex structures, solutions can develop more structurally informed. On the other hand, recent developments with Karamba3D within our office of Bollinger+Grohmann have shown the possibility of real time feedback loops between the physical printing process and the digital calculation model. Both developments show the potential that material systems can be optimized towards specific patterns or values of forces, or structures can be evaluated in real time for their load bearing capacity while hardening during printing.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76437067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous Integration of Continuous Mineral-Bonded Carbon Reinforcement Into Additive Manufacturing With Concrete","authors":"Tobias Neef, V. Mechtcherine","doi":"10.52825/ocp.v1i.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v1i.80","url":null,"abstract":"3D concrete printing is becoming more and more popular, not only in research but also in practice of construction. One of the main challenges however remains the integration of reinforcement. This publication focuses on the use of continuous fibers for this purpose. The special feature of the new type of carbon yarns applied is the mineral impregnation used instead of the conventional polymer one. Such reinforcement not only yields excellent mechanical properties, but also offers many advantages, specifically with respect to processing flexibility and is therefore very well suited for additive manufacturing. The concrete for 3D printing to be reinforced with such yarns must meet particular requirements, especially when the finest concrete filaments are printed. This is also a subject of the article at hand.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80692609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Framework for Large-Scale Structural Applications of 3D Printed Concrete: the Case of a 29 m Bridge in the Netherlands","authors":"Z. Ahmed, R. Wolfs, F. Bos, T. Salet","doi":"10.52825/ocp.v1i.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52825/ocp.v1i.74","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a framework for large-scale structural applications of 3D printed concrete is presented. The steps in this framework, consisting of a design phase, testing phase and manufactur-ing phase, towards a final output were presented and discussed theoretically. The framework was then applied to the case of a 29 m 3D printed bridge, constructed in the Netherlands. The full application of the framework illustrates that despite the absence of standards, it is possible to safely apply 3D printed structures in practice. With the gradual increase of testing data expected to become available over the coming years, the extent of the application of the framework can be reduced step-by-step.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82757831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Composition, Free Radical Scavenging and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oil of Vahl","authors":"P. Onocha, Ganiyat Kehinde Oloyede, Jamiu A. Akintola","doi":"10.2174/2210289201607010160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210289201607010160","url":null,"abstract":"Received: January 01, 2016 Revised: September 29, 2016 Accepted: October 17, 2016 Abstract: Introduction: The study of medicinal plants in different parts of the world has led to major breakthroughs in drug chemistry. The increased interest in discovering drugs from natural source led to our investigation of the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of Mariscus alternifolius Vahl, used in the treatment of wounds, bacterial and infectious diseases in ethno medicine.","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"552 1","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77589446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MORPHEEINS - A NEW PATHWAY FOR ALLOSTERIC DRUG DISCOVERY.","authors":"Eileen K Jaffe","doi":"10.2174/2210289201001010001","DOIUrl":"10.2174/2210289201001010001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The morpheein model of allosteric regulation can be applied as a novel approach to the discovery of small molecule allosteric modulators of protein function. Morpheeins are homo-oligomeric proteins where, under physiological conditions, the oligomer can dissociate, the dissociated units can change conformation, and the altered conformational state can reassociate to a structurally and functionally distinct oligomer. This phenomenon serves as a basis for allostery, as a basis for conformational diseases, as a basis for drug discovery, and may be applicable to personalized medicine such as in the prediction of drug side effects. Each of these relationships has been established for the prototype morpheein, porphobilinogen synthase, where the conformational disease is a porphyria and the drug application is in antimicrobial discovery. These data are presented along with a discussion of other drug targets for which the morpheein model of allostery may apply. Such targets include HIV integrase, TNFα, β-tryptase, and p53.</p>","PeriodicalId":89291,"journal":{"name":"The open conference proceedings journal","volume":"1 ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3107518/pdf/nihms207695.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29915752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}