T. Abe, Y. Tokuda, G. Stein, S. Ishimatsu, R. Birrer
{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Prolonged Hospital Stay in Admitted Patients with Psychotropic Drug Overdose","authors":"T. Abe, Y. Tokuda, G. Stein, S. Ishimatsu, R. Birrer","doi":"10.2174/1874828700801010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874828700801010012","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine risk factors associated with their length of hospital stay in admitted patients with psy- chotropic drug overdose. Methods: Demographics, data of physical and laboratory, and hospital stay were analyzed using a linear regression and a recursive partitioning analysis to determine significant risk factors for prolonged hospitalization. Results: In 140 patients (mean age, 35 yr; 78% women) with psychotropic drug overdose, the median hospital stay was 2.9 days (range, 1-17) and all were discharged alive. Significant factors for prolonged hospital stay were older age (p<0.0001), increased heart rate (p = 0.029), lower blood pressure (p<0.0001), lower Glasgow coma scale (p = 0.015), and increased blood leukocyte (p = 0.005). The recursive partitioning showed that blood leukocyte of 12,900/mm 3 was the cutoff of the most important variable for hospital stay of 3 days or greater. Conclusions: Elevated blood leukocyte is the most important predictor for prolonged hospitalization in admitted patients with psychotropic drug overdose.","PeriodicalId":88750,"journal":{"name":"The open critical care medicine journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"12-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73173551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Kill, Christian Friedrich, T. Vassiliou, L. Eberhart, D. Ruesch, H. Wulf
{"title":"Does a Ventilation/Compression Ratio of 5:50 Alter Gas Exchange in Basic Life Support? A Simulation in a BLS-Model of Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia","authors":"C. Kill, Christian Friedrich, T. Vassiliou, L. Eberhart, D. Ruesch, H. Wulf","doi":"10.2174/1874828700801010007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874828700801010007","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The goal of Basic Life Support is the oxygenation of vital organs during cardiac arrest. Therefore, chest compressions are combined with ventilation in a fixed ratio. This study investigated the influence of bag/mask venti- lation on pulmonary gas exchange in anaesthetized patients performed with a ventilation/compression ratio of 2:15 com- pared to 5:50. Methods: Forty patients scheduled for elective cardiac surgery received general anesthesia (Propofol/Sufentanil/ Rocu- ronium). Upon loss of consciousness bag/mask ventilation was started (15l/min O2 with reservoir bag) over a six minute period using either 2 ventilations every 9 seconds (simulated ventilation/compression ratio 2:15) or 5 ventilations every 30 seconds (simulated ventilation/compression ratio 5:50). Arterial blood gas sampling was performed at beginning of venti- lation and after six minutes. Data were analyzed with 2-factorial ANOVA. Results: Arterial PO2 increased in both groups during the ventilation with pure oxygen (PaO2: 2:15 group: 259 mmHg (0 min), 369 mmHg (6 min); 5:50 group: 277 mmHg (0 min), 363 mmHg (6 min); n.s.). Arterial pCO2 also increased (PaCO2: 2:15 group: 47 mmHg (0min), 48 mmHg (6min); 5:50 group: 47 mmHg (0min), 52 mmHg (6min), P=0,018). Consequently, pH decreased in both groups (pH: 2:15 group; 7,37 (0min), 7,36(6min); 5:50 group: 7,38 (0min), 7,34 (6min), P=0,02). There was no critical decrease of SpO2 at any time. Conclusions: In the anesthetized patient with spontaneous circulation bag/mask ventilation simulating ventilation/comp- ression ratios of 2:15 and 5:50 enable an adequate oxygenation and stable acid base balance.","PeriodicalId":88750,"journal":{"name":"The open critical care medicine journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77137987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}