Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology最新文献

{"title":"Adults Myelodysplastic Syndromes in Algeria: A Study by the Algerian MDS Group","authors":"M. Bekadja, P. Fenaux, Sabrina Akrouf, Redhouane Ahmed-Nacer, R. Hamladji, A. Bouchakour, S. Taoussi, Mohand Tahar Abad, M. Bradai, B. Benzineb, N. Mesli, M. Cheritti, Z. Zouaoui, M. Benlazar, S. Bougherira, F. Grifi, Hocine Ait-Ali, M. Allouda, Malika Djillali, K. Djouadi, Fatima Kherbache, S. Hamdi, Hakim Hamouda, Imene Boumeida, M. Belhani, N. Boudjerra, Fatima Zohra Kaci, S. Osmani, N. Yafour, Soumia Barkat, Fatma Soltani, R. Nacib, M. Saidi, L. Touati, Noureddine Lakhdari, S. Zouani, H. Touhami, D. Saidi, Lamia Cherif Louazani, M. Ramaoun, Cherifa Akkal, N. Mehalhal, A. Krim, Noureddine Sidimansour, Zohra Ouchenane, N. Zidani, S. Nekkal, S. Barkat, Y. Ouarlent, M. Aberkane, S. Belakehal, A. Bachiri, Samir Baghdad","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.21-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.21-29","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of haematological disorders, whose diagnosis is based mainly on cytological studies of blood and marrow cells and cytogenetic analysis. Moreover, national epidemiological data on MDS are very scarce, especially in Maghreb countries where the population is on average younger than in Europe or the USA. The objective of the present study was to describe demographic and clinical features and the overall survival of patients with MDS in Algeria. Materials and Methods: This study is retrospective and national multicenter (n=19 centres), performed between 2014 to 2019. The evaluation was performed using EPI-INFO and SPSS version 21 software. Survival data were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and comparison of survival curves using the Log Rank test. Univariate and multivariate analysis of survival was performed using the Cox regression method. The study has been approved by the Ethical and Scientific Council of the participating hospitals. The closing date of the study is 31/12/2019. Results: A total of 670 patients with newly diagnosed MDS have been identified. The average number of new cases was 112/year, with an annual progression rate of 19%. Demographics show a slight female predominance (M/F of 317/353=0, 89; sex ratio F/M=1.11). The median follow-up was 29,3 months (range, 1 to 77 months). The overall median age was 69 years (range 16-96). The crude mean annual incidence rate was 0, 38 per 100,000 inhabitants aged ≥15 years old and it was 0, 17/100,000 in men and 0, 21/100,000 in women. Overall survival was 39 months. According to the IPSS score, the high-risk forms are low and their overall survival was 15 months. The rate of transformation into acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is 32%. Conclusion: This national epidemiological survey shows an annual progression rate of 19% and an increase in incidence from 0.007/100.000 in 2005 to 0.45/100.000 in 2019. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75944608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issues and Challenges in Diagnoses of Borderline Ovarian Neoplasms by Frozen Section","authors":"U. Sarma, Navanita Das, Neeharika Phukan","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.39-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.39-44","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Frozen section is a rapid intraoperative method of tissue sectioning with the help of cryostat to arrive at a diagnosis and guide the operative procedure. It is an important diagnostic tool in the intraoperative management of ovarian neoplasms. Aims and Objectives: 1) To evaluate clinically suspected ovarian neoplastic lesions by frozen section. 2) To analyze the factors associated with difficulty in diagnoses of borderline ovarian neoplasms. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Pathology for a period of 2 years. 60 cases of ovarian neoplasms undergoing Frozen section and subsequent histopathological examination are included in the study. Results: The mean age of patient is 39.49 years (21-72). Of the 60 cases, 73.33% are benign, 8.33% borderline and 18.3% are malignant on histopathological diagnosis. The concordance rate of frozen section with histopathological diagnosis is 91.67%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of Frozen section in the diagnosis of Benign, Borderline and Malignant ovarian neoplasms are 95.45%, 92.73%, 97.67%, 88.24% and 88.64%; 100%, 92.16%, 55.56%, 100% and 55.56%; 72.73%, 100%, 100%, 94.23% and 72.73% respectively. Conclusion: Frozen section of ovarian neoplasms helps to arrive at a diagnosis of whether they are benign or malignant with a high level of accuracy. Diagnosis of a benign lesion in a young patient guides the surgeon to a fertility conserving surgery. Likewise, diagnosis of a malignant lesion on table guides the surgeon to execute an extensive surgery in a single setting, saving the patient of the physical, emotional, psychological and financial strain of a second look operation.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81489633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate Cancer: Germline Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2","authors":"Pankaja Umarane, S. Ghagane, R. Nerli","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.69-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.69-73","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic alterations are one of the important known risk factors of Prostate cancer. The family predisposition of breast and ovarian cancers may cause the lethal progression of familial prostate cancer in some men. The Association of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes can cause breast cancer in almost 35% of women and 9% of men. Carriers of these pathogenic variants have a higher risk of causing prostate cancer. This study focused on the analysis of mutations causing prostate cancer around the world, associated with breast cancer susceptibility genes.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84146834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetics and Cancer: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Ayush Pathak, S. Tomar, S. Pathak","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.75-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.75-89","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a disease with extraordinary clinical significance, with much of medical research being devoted to it. Innumerable factors are relevant in fully understanding cancer but the epigenetic aspect stands out. Epigenetics is the study of changes, often germ-line, to the genome affecting the gene expression by silencing certain genes and modifying the gene expression. The three primary mechanisms for epigenetic changes are DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) associated gene silencing. While epigenetics is a pivotal mechanism for the regular maintenance of a myriad of processes- including in cell differentiation and adaptability- aberrant epigenetic changes can lead to depreciated/altered gene function which may ultimately culminate in cancer. Consequently, the connection between epigenetics and cancer has been intensely studied over the past two decades and has generated substantial clinical data attesting to the efficacy of epigenetics as a viable approach to understand cancer progression or therapy. In this review, we look at the fundamental epigenetic principles, the changes in the epigenome which can often be a precursor to cancer, analyse the increasingly important role of epigenetics in decoding carcinogenesis, explore the latest advancements in use of epigenetics in cancer therapy and how the reversible nature of these epigenetic changes have changed the way we approach cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76736959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of Action p53","authors":"G. Ali","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.63-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.63-68","url":null,"abstract":"P53 is a 393 residue protein in humans made up of five proposed domains, with which the central DNA binding domain with 100-300 sequences very important for the direct binding of p53 in the promoters of its target genes to specific response elements. P53 is a tumor suppressor gene with cellular stress like oxygen deficiency, oxidative stress, radiation and carcinogens substances, is stimulated has major roles in translational regulation and feedback processes. A wide variety of damage signals that relate to the stability, post-translational alteration and recruitment of p53 to binding sites in chromatin which activate the p53 pathway. As a transcriptional activation, p53 mediates transcriptional changes which facilitate cell death, senescence or reversing and protective arrest of the cell cycle. P53 is a protein under intense investigation because it is necessary to prevent tumor, in human tumors have been found to deregulation of p53 activity. On this article study focuses the mechanism of suppressive p53 effects in the response to any stress and correlation of the mutation p53 with different tumor.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"78 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87916763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gold Mines: Towards Cancer Rescue","authors":"Beesetti Swarna Latha","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.105-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.105-107","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer remains as a major threat, despite of several pandemic outbreaks. The risk of every alternative disease or disorder increases with the initial incidence of cancer. Cancer treatment has radically changed a lot from conventional therapies like surgery and radiotherapy to targeted therapies like thermal ablation and gene therapy. The extension of applicative nanotechnology has become promising therapy in Cancer Diagnosis and treatment. The use of gold nanoparticles towards cancer therapy is discussed in this article.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86857632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical Cancer Prevention on Instagram: Content and Social Interaction Analysis of Brazilian Accounts","authors":"Marcelo Picinin Bernuci, Elen P Vicente, Ana Beatriz L Almeida, Patricia Ayumi N Yamada, Tiago FR Lucena, Iara C Almeida, Tania MG Silva","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.13-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.13-19","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyse the content of posts on Instagram about cervical cancer.Methods: It was conducted a qualitative analysis using the 50 most popular publicly available Portuguese-language Instagram posts, containing the hashtags #cervicalcancer, #papsmear, #hpv, #papillomavirus, and #hpvvac-cine, during the Brazilian national cervical cancer prevention campaign in March 2018. Results: Posts recruited using #cervicalcancer provided 60% of posts with contents related to secondary prevention; the #papsmear provided 46% of posts with irrelevant contents; the #hpv and #papillomavirus provided 50% and 64% of posts with informative content, respectively; and the #hpvvaccine provided 58% of posts with content related to primary prevention. The posts that received the highest number of likes were those from the hashtags #hpv and #papillomavirus with 151.33 and 78.00 likes/post, respectively. The majority of posts presented less than 05 comments/post, except for the #hpv, which had 64.76 comments/post. According to the users’ profiles, the majority of the posts, regardless of the hashtag used, were made by health professionals. Conclusion: The focus of Instagram posts about cervical cancer is on secondary prevention, which can contribute to the promotion of health behaviours not directed to aspects of primary prevention of the disease.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135479485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Philadelphia Negative MPNs, MDS/MPNs and MDS in the Context of Recent WHO Changes and Inclusion of Molecular Signatures into Prognostic Tools: A Single Centre Experience","authors":"N. Singh, Sujeet Kumar, Avinash Gupta","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.5-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2023.8.1.5-11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The fifth edition of WHO classification of myeloid neoplasms has introduced major changes in the defining criteria and grouping of MDS, MDS/MPNs and MPNs. Recently published literature has also cited the importance of new risk-scoring systems by integrating genomic profiling with hematologic and cytogenetic characteristics, in order to improve the prognostic discrimination of patients and represents a valuable tool for clinical decision-making. Aim: To find out the prevalence and molecular spectrum of Philadelphia-negative MPNs, MDS/MPNs and MDS in our subset of patients and henceforth to evaluate the impact on diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment decision-making of patients. Methods: This retrospective observational study included all newly diagnosed patients of non-Philadelphia positive MPNs, MDS, and MPN/MDS, in whom complete baseline diagnostic work-up was available including complete blood counts, bone marrow morphology and biopsy, cytogenetic and molecular studies. Results: The most frequent entities in our cohort of patients were primary myelofibrosis (32.8%), MDS (32.8%) and CMML (16.4%). In PIMF, 50% patients were JAK2- mutated while 30% were triple negative (JAK-, CALR-, MPL-). The commoner epigenetic modifiers among MPNs were ASXL1, TET2 and IDH2. The predominant CMML molecular signatures in our patients were NRAS, U2AF2, SETBP1, ASXL and SH2B3. There was no significant effect of WHO changes and recently introduced molecular scoring models on the diagnosis and risk stratification of all these MPN and MDS/MPN patients However, in MDS and PIMF patients, recent WHO subtyping plus IPSS-M & GIPSS scoring respectively enabled refining of risk groups. Conclusion: Molecular profiling helps in better risk stratification of patients across all groups as well as in making therapeutic decisions. However, in resource constrained settings, it is not always possible to stratify patients on the basis of molecular signatures and hence, scoring models such as DIPSS and IPSS-R holds their ground strongly even today for offering appropriate therapy to patients without compromising on quality care. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86491647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long Term Culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cells: No Evidence of Chromosomal Instability","authors":"H. Zamani, F. Karami, M. Mehdizadeh, Sedige Baakhlag, Mehdi Zamani","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.4.349-353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.4.349-353","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) technology has opened promising roads toward different aspects of medicine and biology. However, possible tumorgenic potential of MSCs has raised many concerns in using them in regenerative medicine. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the safety of MSCs by in-vitro culture and karyotype analysis. Materials and Methods: MSCs were successfully cultured in DMEM medium including 3.5 ng/ml recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and 20 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) within 25 passages. Results: No significant abnormality was observed in basic karyotype and morphology of MSCs in different passages of culture. Conclusions: Using of EGF free medium containing low bFGF concentration are possible explanations for observed integrity in karyotype and morphology of MSCs. Our findings would be further convincing evidence on the safety of MSCs under suggested conditions to guarantee using of them in regenerative medicine and disease treatment.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83262531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effectiveness of PAlliative Split COurse RAdiotherapy (PASCORA) Regimen in Non-metastatic Head and Neck Cancer Patients who are Treated with Palliative Intent- A Retrospective Single Centre Study","authors":"Umesh Velu, P. Shetty, Anshul Singh, S. Salins, K. Sharan","doi":"10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.4.315-322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2022.7.4.315-322","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: We at our centre practice a PAlliative Split COurse RAdiotherapy (PASCORA) of 22.5Gy in 5 fractions followed by a gap of 4 weeks and then again repeat 22.5Gy in 5 fractions for locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with a palliative intent. Aim was t0 assess the symptomatic relief at 3 months following PASCORA regimen. Materials & Methods: 49 Patients with LAHNSCC between January 2014 to January 2021, planned for PASCORA regimen were evaluated. Symptomatic relief was assessed on an objective scale. OS was determined using Kaplan Meir survival curves. Results: Median age was 61 years, multiple comorbidities (37%) were the most commonly documented reason for these patients being treated with a palliative intent. 25% of our patients had an excellent symptomatic relief, 26% of our patients had a good symptomatic relief and 31% had a partial relief. Median OS was 38 months in patients who had an excellent symptomatic relief and 3-8 months in patients with no or partial symptomatic relief ( p value=0.000) 6% of our patients had Grade 3 /4 RTOG toxicity. Conclusion: PASCORA regimen offers a good symptomatic relief with good local control rates and acceptable level of toxicity and comparable OS.","PeriodicalId":8848,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87218830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}