Biocontrol Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Predicting the realised host-range of Leptinotarsa texana with open-field experiments","authors":"G. Lefoe, J. Goolsby, A. Racelis, K. Butler, Libby Rumpff, Cindy E. Hauser","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2229970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2229970","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The leaf beetle Leptinotarsa texana is a potential biological control agent for silverleaf nightshade Solanum elaeagnifolium in Australia. However, previous research has shown that L. texana can develop on the non-target crop eggplant Solanum melongena in quarantine cage experiments. We used open-field experiments in the agent's native range of Texas, USA, to clarify the realised host-range of L. texana in relation to S. melongena. We conducted five replicated field experiments to investigate: (1) the extent that L. texana would show a preference for oviposition when presented with both S. elaeagnifolium and S. melongena in an open-field context, and (2) the extent that larvae would move from defoliated S. elaeagnifolium onto either nearby S. melongena plants, or bypass S. melongena in search of S. elaeagnifolium. We found, in the open-field experiments, that adult females prefer S. elaeagnifolium over S. melongena plants for settling and oviposition and, in fact, observed no oviposition on S. melongena in any experiment. However, the low levels of oviposition observed in the S. elaeagnifolium experimental plants (the control) was insufficient to conclusively demonstrate that S. melongena is not within the realised host-range of L. texana adults. We also found evidence that L. texana larvae can cause spill-over damage to S. melongena in situations where co-occurring S. elaeagnifolium is defoliated. Finally, we demonstrate the use of an argument map to visually represent the contributions of multiple, sometimes conflicting, field and laboratory experiments to biological control agent risk analysis.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"68 1","pages":"743 - 757"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83262325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oleic acid improves the conidial production and quality of Metarhizium rileyi as a biocontrol agent","authors":"Rui Xue, Guangzu Du, Cong Chen, Bin Chen, Yuejin Peng","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2229972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2229972","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Metarhizium rileyi is a biological agent used in the control of various pests, particularly noctuid insects. However, this fungal species is slow-growing, resulting in a prolonged culture period and limiting its commercial production. In this study, 0.3% (w/w) oleic acid significantly enhanced the rates of hyphal growth, conidial production, and conidial germination by 23%, 9%, and 10%, respectively. The expression of genes related to microbial growth and development (MrPbs2, MrMsn2, MrSwi6, MrNsdD, Mrap1 and MrSte12) was significantly increased in the presence of oleic acid. The M. rileyi conidial production and its effects on the mortality of Spodoptera frugiperda were investigated using rice-vegetable oil solid medium (RVOSM) and its substitute Sabouraud maltose agar plus yeast extract (SMAY) plates containing 0.03% oleic acid. The fungi retained their toxicity to S. frugiperda. Therefore, oleic acid can improve the growth potential of fungi, and RVOSM can be used as a substrate for conidia production for the application of M. rileyi as a biocontrol agent.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"189 1","pages":"758 - 771"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74174921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data decision tree for identifying potential risks for natural substances when used in plant protection","authors":"M. Busschers, R. Gwynn, L. Ramaekers, J. Lewis, Francesco Greco","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2210268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2210268","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Biocontrol, including Natural Substances can offer a balanced solution for problems caused by the widespread use of conventional chemical pesticides. Potential harmful side-effects of many conventional chemical pesticides are becoming increasingly clear, in terms of the potential for effects on non-target organisms, environmental pollution, worker safety and pest resistance. Concurrently, there is awareness that modern agriculture needs to grow crops even more sustainably. To maintain human and environmental safety, biocontrol substances used in plant protection including Natural Substances, are regulated mainly following the same regulatory system as for conventional chemical pesticides. However, this approach can pose an unnecessarily high and inappropriate regulatory burden because many data requirements and evaluation criteria are not relevant, appropriate or technically feasible. It is essential that registration of Natural Substances, which are biocontrol products made from natural sources, should focus on relevant potential risk areas. In this paper, a tiered approach was used to indicate potential risk areas and a progressive ‘Data Decision Tree’ and risk-based flow chart was developed. Considering relevant risk factors for Natural Substances, a branched Data Decision Tree has been developed that considers: Identification, characterisation and analysis, Effects on human health, Residues, Environmental fate and behaviour, Effects on non-target organisms. Such a scientific risk-based decision tree approach can streamline the development of data for the dossier and the evaluation. This will accelerate the placing on the market of Natural Substances, which is so important for the transition to agroecological approaches to farming that deliver more resilient cropping systems.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"597 - 629"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74164824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of repeated liquid culture on entomopathogenic fungi","authors":"R. Behle, K. R. Duffield, C. Dunlap","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2217533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2217533","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Production of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) for biopesticides relies on in vitro production of fungal propagules as the active ingredients. Repeated culturing or sub culturing may select for fungi with reduced spore production and virulence. We completed 60 cycles of repeated liquid culture on six isolates representing four genera of EPF. Measurements of the spent media recorded at T2, T15, T30, T45 and T60 cycles included blastospore concentrations, dry matter accumulation as hyphae, glucose concentration remaining, and final pH. Insecticidal activity (LC50 of Trichoplusia ni neonates) was compared between initial and final cultures for conidia grown on nutrient agar. Virulence of Beauveria bassiana GHA was 3× lower at T60 (LC50 ratio = 0.308) and consumption of glucose increased with additional culture cycles. Two Cordyceps javanica (MBC 177 and Apopka 97) had fewer blastospores, higher pH, and altered mycelia dry weight at the T15 sample, but maintained similar values from T15 through T60. MBC 177 and Apopka 97 lost virulence with LC50 ratios of 0.345 and 0.016, respectively. Metarhizium robertsii and M. brunneum F52 isolates failed to produce conidia by plating T30, T45, and T60 cultures on nutrient agar. When comparing T0 with T15 cultures, M. robertsii conidia had increased virulence while M. brunneum had decreased virulence (LC50 ratios of 1.746 and 0.740, respectively). These differences between the two Metarhizium species demonstrate that the direction and level of impact imposed by repeated culture is at least species dependent.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"146 1","pages":"716 - 730"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83294211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Axenic mass culture of soil-borne nematodes using artificial egg yolk medium","authors":"A. Loulou, Noura Chihani Hammas, S. Kallel","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2217532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2217532","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The amenability to axenic culture in vitro on solid medium including MacConkey, soybean casein, nutrient broth and egg yolk medium of Oscheius tipulae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Acrobeloides tricornis, Acrobeloides bodenheimeri and Teratorhabditis synpapillata were tested using Petri dishes. These nematodes were incapable of growing in MacConkey, soybean casein and nutrient broth, except for C. elegans which was able to multiply in soybean casein medium. While all nematodes used were successfully mass cultured using egg yolk medium at 25°C, results revealed that the highest yield of nematodes was observed with O. tipulae (TC2 and OC2), attaining 176 and 150 k nematodes per plate, respectively, after 10 days post-inoculation. In contrast, the lowest yield was recorded for T. synpapillata. The medium was optimised using different egg yolk concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20 and 40 g/L) and was tested for four nematode species O. tipulae, A. bodenheimeri, A. tricornis and T. synpapillata. The results showed that the egg yolk concentrations and the kinetic of nematode multiplication were positively correlated. Additionally, egg yolk liquid medium was applied to the mass culture of nematodes. Oscheius tipulae, A. bodenheimeri and A. tricornis were capable of reproduction in Petri dishes containing egg yolk liquid medium, at 25°C. Contrarily, T. synpapillata was unable to grow on the same liquid medium. The highest nematode yields of O. tipulae and A. bodenheimeri were attained 10,266 and 4110 nematodes in average, respectively, at 16 days post-inoculation. The maximum multiplication of A. tricornis was recorded at 20 days post-inoculation with 8430 nematodes.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"701 - 715"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81296237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic structure and host associations of the noctuid moth Callopistria exotica, a potential biological control agent for Lygodium microphyllum","authors":"Komal Gurdasani, J. Makinson, M. Purcell, G. Walter, G. A. McCulloch","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2217676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2217676","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lygodium microphyllum is a damaging environmental weed that continues to spread rapidly across Florida. The natural enemies released so far have had some impact on L. microphyllum, but this weed continues to grow densely and spread, so new biological control agents are required. Native range surveys of L. microphyllum identified a noctuid moth, Callopistria exotica, commonly feeding on this fern. We collected C. exotica feeding on Lygodium in Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand, and sequenced three genes (COI, 18S, 28S) to assess genetic structure across its geographic distribution. We identified a unique C. exotica genetic lineage in Japan, feeding on Lygodium japonicum. This lineage may represent a distinct species, and could potentially be well-suited to control L. japonicum, which has also developed into a damaging weed across Florida. Furthermore, we found genetic structuring within the moth samples collected from L. microphyllum, with three distinct mitochondrial lineages identified. We recommend treating these distinct C. exotica lineages independently from one another for the purposes of host range testing, and suggest further tests to clarify their species status relative to one another. Our study illustrates how the genetic screening of native range survey data can provide important preliminary information that helps develop hypotheses to direct additional surveys, agent selection, and host range testing.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"43 1","pages":"731 - 742"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84288174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk assessment of the host range of Hydrellia lagarosiphon for the biological control of Lagarosiphon major in Ireland","authors":"R. Mangan, J. Baars","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2215993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2215993","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss ex Wager (Hydrocharitaceae) is a submerged freshwater plant native to South Africa, and a destructive invader of waterways across Europe, Australasia and the U.S.A. Native range exploration identified a leaf mining ephydrid fly, Hydrellia lagarosiphon, as a promising biological control candidate agent. Host specificity was conducted on H. lagarosiphon, using laboratory no-choice and paired choice tests. A number of non-target native Potamogeton species sustained feeding damage under no-choice and paired choice testing. To prevent rejection of a potentially safe agent, multi-generational population persistence trials were conducted on select native Potamogetonaceae. The non-target species could not sustain a viable H. lagarosiphon population beyond two generations. A risk assessment, incorporating the preference and relative survival, indicated that three non-target species presented extremely low (<1.3%) risk of sustaining damage relative to that of L. major. Potamogeton polygonifolius and P. x lanceolatus present a reproductive risk of 5.61% and 11.5% respectively but could not support a viable population beyond the 2nd generation. These results, coupled with damage efficacy and predicted colonisation, demonstrate the potential H. lagarosiphon has as a biological control agent for L. major in Ireland. Highlights Classical biological control could provide a safe, cost-effective method of control of the invasive submerged weed Lagarosiphon major. Multigenerational population persistence tests strengthen host specificity testing to predict feeding and reproductive risks of a biological control agent. Risk assessment data suggest a low level of Hydrellia lagarosiphon larval feeding could occur on three non-target Potamogeton species. While two native Potamogeton species sustain a relatively low reproductive risk, they failed to sustain the fly beyond the 2nd generation. Classical biological control provides an alternative control strategy to costly mechanical or environmentally unsuitable chemical control as the safety of Hydrellia lagarosiphon has been established in this pre-release testing procedure. The risk assessment presented here could form the basis of an application to the regulatory authorities to release H. lagarosiphon on L. major in Ireland.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"681 - 700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86550602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of agent density for biological control of young Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia) with the Brazilian peppertree thrips (Pseudophilothrips ichini)","authors":"Megann M. Harlow, N. Harms, Aaron N. Schad","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2215485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2215485","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), is an invasive tree in the Southeastern United States, Texas, California, and Hawaii. The Brazilian peppertree thrips, Pseudophilothrips ichini Hood (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), is a recently approved biological control agent for use within the US. The thrips have since been released in the field and are expected to reduce Brazilian peppertree performance. Pseudophilothrips ichini is likely to impact young trees but the impacts may vary based on thrips population size and tree age. To better understand the factors contributing to agent impact on young trees and P. ichini population growth, we measured the effect of P. ichini density (0, 4, 10, and 20 thrips) and tree age (3-, 4-, and 6-month-old plants), on tree performance and P. ichini productivity in the laboratory. Brazilian peppertree height and the number of growing tips were reduced across all age groups. However, the negative impact was more pronounced on the youngest trees, which had a reduction in the relative change in height of 171% and a 100% reduction in the number of growing tips. Pseudophilothrips ichini production was positively correlated with tree height (r = 0.44) and biomass (r = 0.56), but thrips relative production was similar across tree age. Results indicate that P. ichini have a great capacity for population increase regardless of starting density. Field studies are needed to corroborate these findings and identify barriers to agent success. This work aims to refine expectations of the impacts to Brazilian peppertree caused by P. ichini.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"667 - 680"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84631804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host-specificity testing of the leaf-feeding flea beetle, Phenrica guerini, a biological control agent for the invasive alien cactus, Pereskia aculeata","authors":"Elizabeth Dixon, I. Paterson, P. Muskett, A. McConnachie","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2214342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2214342","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Pereskia aculeata Miller (Cactaceae) is an environmentally damaging invasive alien plant in South Africa and Australia. The flea-beetle, Phenrica guerini Bechyné (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), has been used in South Africa as a biological control agent against the plant for more than 30 years but updated host-specificity testing was required to determine its suitability as an agent in Australia. No-choice larval survival tests were conducted on 26 test plant species from 11 families, with survival to the adult stage only being recorded on the target weed, P. aculeata. No-choice oviposition testing with adult P. guerini was conducted on six test plant species. No adult feeding was recorded on any test plants and significantly more eggs were oviposited on P. aculeata (158.8 SE ± 21.4) than on Talinum caffrum (5.2 SE ± 5.2), which was the only test plant on which they oviposited. The adults survived on average 27 days longer on P. aculeata than on any test plant species. In a multiple-choice trial that included all three species that supported any larval feeding as well as P. aculeata, oviposition and feeding was only recorded on target weed. Phenrica guerini is suitably host specific for consideration in Australia as a biological control agent against P. aculeata.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":"654 - 666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78835975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential use of bacterial strain in the genus Serratia to biocontrol fungal pathogens associated with defoliation on Pinus patula","authors":"L. M. Gutiérrez-Flores, L. López-Reyes, A. Mauricio-Gutiérrez, M. Carcaño-Montiel, E. Portillo-Manzano, L. Gómez-Velázquez","doi":"10.1080/09583157.2023.2210276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2210276","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Pathogenic fungi that cause defoliation in different pine species, including Pinus patula, have been reported. The most common practice for controlling these pathogens is the use of fungicides, which have adverse environmental consequences. The objective of this study was to evaluate an alternative for pathogen control without affecting the ecosystem. Bacteria with antifungal activity obtained from forest soil were isolated and biochemically and molecularly identified for evaluation in biocontrol assays of fungi associated with defoliation under laboratory and field conditions. Two species of the genus Serratia, Serratia grimesii and S. proteamaculans, were identified as bacteria with antifungal activity. In vitro biocontrol was achieved by reducing the mycelium growth of fungi associated with diseased needles of P. patula: Alternaria alternata, Annulohypoxylon stygium, Botryosphaeria dothidea, Curvularia lunata, C. pseudobrachyspora, C. spicifera, C. trifolii, Daldinia sp., Daldinia eschscholtzii, Diplodia sapinea, Lophodermium indianum, and Myrmaecium rubricosum. The fungi in P. patula (Annulohypoxylon stygium and Daldinia eschscholtzii) decreased their damage by 82% and 77%, respectively, in the presence of Serratia under humid chamber conditions. In addition, the incidence of lesions (IL) and Disease Severity Index were significantly reduced under natural conditions. The results showed that biocontrol with bacteria of the genus Serratia is an alternative for the management of health in Pinus patula trees.","PeriodicalId":8820,"journal":{"name":"Biocontrol Science and Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":"640 - 653"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81651390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}