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A Search for The Boss: The Thing Inside Each Organism That is in It could be a Phospholipid Derivative 寻找老板:每个有机体内部的东西都可能是磷脂衍生物
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 2016-07-26 DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555555
J. Adler
{"title":"A Search for The Boss: The Thing Inside Each Organism That is in It could be a Phospholipid Derivative","authors":"J. Adler","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555555","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79936832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolution of the Kidney 肾脏的进化
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 2016-06-17 DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555554
L. M. A. Mahasen
{"title":"Evolution of the Kidney","authors":"L. M. A. Mahasen","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555554","url":null,"abstract":"The excretory system regulates the chemical composition of body fluids by removing metabolic wastes and retaining the proper amount of water, salts and nutrients. The invertebrate excretory structures are classified in according to their marked variations in the morphological structures into three types included contractile vacuoles in protozoa, nephridia (flame cell system) in most invertebrate animals and Malpighian tubules (arthropod kidney) in insects [2]. There are three distinct excretory organs formed in succession during the development of the vertebrate kidney, they are called pronephros, mesonephros and metanephros. The pronephros is the most primitive one and exists as a functional kidney only in some of the lowest fishes and is called the archinephros. The mesonephros represents the functional excretory organs in anamniotes and called as opisthonephros. The metanephros is the most caudally located of the excretory organs and the last to appear, it represents the functional kidney in amniotes [2-4].","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75216217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
Cavum Septi Pellucidiet Vergae: Anatomic Finding and Review
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 2016-04-11 DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555553
L. R. Barbosa
{"title":"Cavum Septi Pellucidiet Vergae: Anatomic Finding and Review","authors":"L. R. Barbosa","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555553","url":null,"abstract":"Derived from the lateral part of the terminal bar, firstly, the septum binds to the frontal direction, always separated from the pallial part by a ventricular groove, a septumcortical fissure. This pre commissural part of the septum has a considerable thickness, especially in lower mammalians. As with the reptiles, their cells are grouped into two nuclei, the septi nuclei dorsolateral and ventromedial. It contains the fibers that ascend to the hippocampus (olfactory hyppocampal fibers or olfactory bundle of the septum). The pre commissural part continues backward, below the corpus callosum and over the foramen of Monro. This supra foraminal of the septum contains the fibers fornicais and cortico-habenulares. The extension of the corpus callosum allows an extension of the septum, whose pre commissural part is reduced as the measure that increases the frontal extension of the corpus callosum, while the supra foraminal suffers a stretching and a reduction still more important, as a result of the posterior displacement of the Amon horn. Such septum extension implies in its reduction to a fine membrane, the septum pellucidi of a man. Among the septal nucleus, the ventro medial nucleus, located in front of the anterior commissure, only maintains a remarkable volume. The bilateral septi can suffer coalescence or even a concrescence so that the arachnoid space, a septum cavity located between the septi of both sides, disappears. This process is almost normal in its posterior part. On the other hand, an increase of the arachnoid fluid can cause an expansion of the interseptal sub callosal space, including its posterior part, which, then, is transformed and becomes the cavity named Verga. However, it is evident that these cavities do not have any normal communication with the cerebral ventricles [1-3].","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76478080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cerebellar Nuclei and Connections in Man 人类的小脑核和连接
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 2016-04-06 DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555552
Heshmat S W Haroun
{"title":"Cerebellar Nuclei and Connections in Man","authors":"Heshmat S W Haroun","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555552","url":null,"abstract":"The dentate nucleus: It is largest of all cerebellar nuclei. It is only obvious in mammals being greatly enlarged in man and apes. It is constructed of irregularly folded laminae of grey matter that are deficient antero medially to form the hilus of the nucleus. This hilus allows the emergence of the white matter fibres from inside the nucleus. These fibres represent the myelinated axons of the nerve cells of the nucleus and are continued upward to form the main bulk of the superior cerebellar peduncle. The shape of the dentate nucleus, in cross section, simulates that of the inferior olivary nucleus of the medulla oblongata. Its neurons are mainly large multipolar cells with branching dendrites. Among these large cells small stellate cells are also found in the nucleus. The mean values of length and breadth of the dentate nucleus were estimated, in Bangladeshi cadavers of both sexes, to be 8.619±2.995mm and 14.770±3.604mm respectively and these values increased with the advance of age then became slightly decreased in late ages. Significant differences of each of the mean length and breadth of the dentate nucleus on both sides were observed between different age groups while statistically insignificant differences between male and female existed [1]. Rhombencephalosynapsis is a hindbrain malformation featured by complete or partial absence of the cerebellar vermis with variable degrees of midline continuity of the cerebellar hemispheres, dentate nuclei, and sometimes the superior cerebellar peduncles. Prenatal diagnosis of this condition is reported to be feasible by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging [2].","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84638611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Integrated Medical Teaching – Current Scenario 综合医学教学——现状
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 2016-02-24 DOI: 10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555551
M. Wahid
{"title":"Integrated Medical Teaching – Current Scenario","authors":"M. Wahid","doi":"10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/APBIJ.2016.01.555551","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88340389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Purification and properties of chitinase from cabbage. 白菜几丁质酶的纯化及性质研究。
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 1992-12-01
C T Chang, H F Lo, C J Wu, H Y Sung
{"title":"Purification and properties of chitinase from cabbage.","authors":"C T Chang,&nbsp;H F Lo,&nbsp;C J Wu,&nbsp;H Y Sung","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chitinase has been purified from the extract of cabbage through successive steps of ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatofocusing and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration. By these steps, the purity of the enzyme increased by 93.3 fold and the recovery of the enzyme activity was 20%. The purified enzyme had an optimal pH of 5.0, an optimal temperature between 40 to 50 degrees C and a Km of 76 microM for hydrolysis of ethylene glycol chitin. The molecular weight of the enzyme determined from filtration through Sephadex G-75 was 30,000 daltons. Heavy metal ions, Hg2+ (0.5 mM) and Ag+(2.5 mM) significantly inhibited the activity of the enzyme. NBSI1 (1.0 mM), DNFB (0.5 mM) and PMSF (0.5 mM) completely inhibited the activity of the enzyme. The enzyme also showed muramidase activity for hydrolysis of Micrococcus lysodeikticus cell wall. The presence of chitinase in cabbage may function as a defense enzyme against potential pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"28 4","pages":"707-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12653651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nucleotide sequence of cDNA for porcine heme oxygenase and its expression in Escherichia coli. 猪血红素加氧酶cDNA核苷酸序列及其在大肠杆菌中的表达。
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 1992-12-01
T Suzuki, M Sato, K Ishikawa, T Yoshida
{"title":"Nucleotide sequence of cDNA for porcine heme oxygenase and its expression in Escherichia coli.","authors":"T Suzuki,&nbsp;M Sato,&nbsp;K Ishikawa,&nbsp;T Yoshida","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nucleotide sequence of a cDNA for porcine heme oxygenase was determined. The open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 288 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 33,074 Da. A prokaryotic expression plasmid carrying porcine heme oxygenase cDNA was constructed and transfected into Escherichia coli cells. The full-length heme oxygenase expressed was localized in the bacterial membranes. Two small-sized heme oxygenases with no membrane-bound properties were also detected, suggesting that in E. coli cells a considerable amount of the enzyme expressed was degraded.</p>","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"28 5","pages":"887-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12462266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Beta-glucosidase of a white-rot fungus Trametes gibbosa. 白腐真菌赤霉素的β -葡萄糖苷酶。
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 1992-12-01
B Bhattacharjee, A Roy, A L Majumder
{"title":"Beta-glucosidase of a white-rot fungus Trametes gibbosa.","authors":"B Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;A Roy,&nbsp;A L Majumder","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extracellular beta-glucosidase was purified from a white-rot fungus, Trametes gibbosa by 50% ammonium sulphate saturation and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. It showed maximum activity towards p-nitrophenyl- beta-D- glucopyranoside (pNpG). The pH optimum was 3.5. Temperature optimum was 40 degrees C but shifted to 50 degrees C on preincubation with pNpG. Hg2+, Fe3+ and Cu2+ strongly inhibited the activity. The enzyme was competitively inhibited by glucose with a Ki of 5.2 mM. The apparent molecular mass as determined by gel filtration chromatography was 640 kDa.</p>","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"28 5","pages":"783-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12463086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dual hormonal involvement in the regulation of rat uterine collagenase activity. 双激素参与大鼠子宫胶原酶活性的调节。
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 1992-12-01
M P Kumar, R V Thampan
{"title":"Dual hormonal involvement in the regulation of rat uterine collagenase activity.","authors":"M P Kumar,&nbsp;R V Thampan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hormonal control of rat uterine collagenase activities which use collagen types I, III, and V as the substrates has been studied. The collagenases are shown to be regulated in general by estradiol as well as by progesterone. However, the enzyme activity that uses type III collagen as the substrate appears to have a preferential response to progesterone over estradiol.</p>","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"28 6","pages":"975-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12464485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Free radical generation in hydroperoxide-treated erythrocytes monitored continuously by luminol-amplified chemiluminescence. 用鲁米诺扩增化学发光法连续监测过氧化氢处理红细胞的自由基生成。
Biochemistry international Pub Date : 1992-12-01
J A Smith, M S Baker, M J Weidemann
{"title":"Free radical generation in hydroperoxide-treated erythrocytes monitored continuously by luminol-amplified chemiluminescence.","authors":"J A Smith,&nbsp;M S Baker,&nbsp;M J Weidemann","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Organic hydroperoxides induce oxidative damage to mammalian cells. We describe how luminol-amplified chemiluminescence can be used to monitor free radical generation (following treatment of erythrocytes in vitro with organic hydroperoxides) throughout the entire time-course of oxidative stress. Enrichment of erythrocyte alpha-tocopherol levels increased the induction time by 25% and led peak chemiluminescence fall of 30%. Furthermore, ascorbate loading reduced the signal four-fold during the induction period. The catalytic role of haemoglobin was shown by the abolition of chemiluminescence by azide and a low (but detectable) signal in haemoglobin-depleted erythrocyte ghosts. Luminol-amplified chemiluminescence enables the kinetics of free radical generation to be monitored continuously. Furthermore, it may enable features of the mechanism of interaction between cellular antioxidants and antioxidant enzymes to be elucidated.</p>","PeriodicalId":8778,"journal":{"name":"Biochemistry international","volume":"28 6","pages":"1009-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12465538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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