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Experimental evidence for allosteric modifier saturation as predicted by the bi-substrate Hill equation. 双底物希尔方程预测变构改性剂饱和度的实验证据。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060029
A J Hanekom, J H S Hofmeyr, J L Snoep, J M Rohwer
{"title":"Experimental evidence for allosteric modifier saturation as predicted by the bi-substrate Hill equation.","authors":"A J Hanekom,&nbsp;J H S Hofmeyr,&nbsp;J L Snoep,&nbsp;J M Rohwer","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cooperative enzyme reaction rates predicted by the bi-substrate Hill equation and the bi-substrate Monod-Wyman-Changeux (MWC) equation when allosterically inhibited are compared in silico. Theoretically, the Hill equation predicts that when the maximum inhibitory effect at a certain substrate condition has been reached, an increase in allosteric inhibitor concentration will have no effect on reaction rate, that is the Hill equation shows allosteric inhibitor saturation. This saturating inhibitory effect is not present in the MWC equation. Experimental in vitro data for pyruvate kinase, a bi-substrate cooperative enzyme that is allosterically inhibited, are presented. This enzyme also shows inhibitor saturation, and therefore serves as experimental evidence that the bi-substrate Hill equation predicts more realistic allosteric inhibitor behaviour than the bi-substrate MWC equation.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"342-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26320030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Contribution of ATP synthase to stimulation of respiration by Ca2+ in heart mitochondria. ATP合酶对心脏线粒体中Ca2+呼吸刺激的贡献。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060009
R Baniene, Z Nauciene, S Maslauskaite, G Baliutyte, V Mildaziene
{"title":"Contribution of ATP synthase to stimulation of respiration by Ca2+ in heart mitochondria.","authors":"R Baniene,&nbsp;Z Nauciene,&nbsp;S Maslauskaite,&nbsp;G Baliutyte,&nbsp;V Mildaziene","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A variety of experimental conditions were applied with the aim to estimate the correlation between the contribution of ATP synthase to the respiratory flux control and the calcium-induced activation of succinate oxidation in heart mitochondria isolated from rat, rabbit and guinea pig. The sensitivity of respiration in heart mitochondria to the decrease in temperature from 37 degrees C to 28 degrees C decreases in the order rabbit > guinea pig > rat. Ca2+ effect on succinate oxidation rate in state 3 respiration was species- and temperature-dependent and ranged from 0 (rat, 37 degrees C) to +44% (rabbit, 28 degrees C). For mitochondria from all experimental animals, the increase of Ca2+ in physiological range of concentration did not change state 2 respiration rate, and the stimulatory effect of Ca2+ on state 3 respiration was more pronounced at 28 degrees C than at 37 degrees C. The respiratory subsystem was sensitive to Ca2+ ions only in rabbit heart mitochondria. A high positive correlation between Ca2+ ability to stimulate succinate oxidation in state 3 and the control exerted by ATP synthase over the respiratory flux provides argument confirming stimulation of ATP synthase by Ca2+ ions.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"350-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26320032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Expansion of signal transduction networks. 信号转导网络的扩展。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060030
B Binder, O Ebenhöh, K Hashimoto, R Heinrich
{"title":"Expansion of signal transduction networks.","authors":"B Binder,&nbsp;O Ebenhöh,&nbsp;K Hashimoto,&nbsp;R Heinrich","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Signal transduction networks of different cell types show a large variety in their structural design. In this paper, basic structural properties of signal transduction networks are investigated. For this, such networks with the recently developed method of network expansion are analysed. This method allows for a structural analysis of networks by calculating signal expansion profiles when provided with certain compounds, for example growth factors, inactive kinases and so on (seed compounds), to initiate such an expansion. The presented results may put forth valuable hints on the evolution of signalling networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"364-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26320035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
ScrumPy: metabolic modelling with Python. ScrumPy:使用Python进行代谢建模。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060010
M G Poolman
{"title":"ScrumPy: metabolic modelling with Python.","authors":"M G Poolman","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ScrumPy is a software package used for the definition and analysis of metabolic models. It is written using the Python programming language that is also used as a user interface. ScrumPy has features for both kinetic and structural modelling, but the emphasis is on structural modelling and those features of most relevance to analysis of large (genome-scale) models. The aim is at describing ScrumPy's functionality to readers with some knowledge of metabolic modelling, but implementation, programming and other computational details are omitted. ScrumPy is released under the Gnu Public Licence, and available for download from http://mudshark.brookes.ac.uk/ ScrumPy.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"375-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26320434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 93
Comparing the regulatory behaviour of two cooperative, reversible enzyme mechanisms. 比较两种合作可逆酶机制的调控行为。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060020
B G Olivier, J M Rohwer, J L Snoep, J H S Hofmeyr
{"title":"Comparing the regulatory behaviour of two cooperative, reversible enzyme mechanisms.","authors":"B G Olivier,&nbsp;J M Rohwer,&nbsp;J L Snoep,&nbsp;J H S Hofmeyr","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is shown that both the reversible Hill equation and a generalised, reversible Monod-Wyman-Changeux equation can give analogous regulatory behaviour when embedded in a model metabolic pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"335-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26262204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Pathway classification of TCA cycle. TCA循环的途径分类。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060013
S Pérès, M Beurton-Aimar, J P Mazat
{"title":"Pathway classification of TCA cycle.","authors":"S Pérès,&nbsp;M Beurton-Aimar,&nbsp;J P Mazat","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The structural analysis of large metabolic networks exhibits a combinatorial explosion of elementary modes. A new method of classification has been developed [called aggregation around common motif (ACoM)], which groups elementary modes into classes with similar substructures. This method is applied to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and metabolite carriers. The analysis of this network evidences a great number of elementary flux modes (204) despite the low number of reactions (23). The ACoM is used to class these elementary modes in a low number of sets (8) with biological meanings.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"369-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26320036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Software tools that facilitate kinetic modelling with large data sets: an example using growth modelling in sugarcane. 促进大型数据集的动力学建模的软件工具:一个使用甘蔗生长模型的例子。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060050
L Uys, J H S Hofmeyr, J L Snoep, J M Rohwer
{"title":"Software tools that facilitate kinetic modelling with large data sets: an example using growth modelling in sugarcane.","authors":"L Uys,&nbsp;J H S Hofmeyr,&nbsp;J L Snoep,&nbsp;J M Rohwer","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A solution to manage cumbersome data sets associated with large modelling projects is described. A kinetic model of sucrose accumulation in sugarcane is used to predict changes in sucrose metabolism with sugarcane internode maturity. This results in large amounts of output data to be analysed. Growth is simulated by reassigning maximal activity values, specific to each internode of the sugarcane plant, to parameter attributes of a model object. From a programming perspective, only one model definition file is required for the simulation software used; however, the amount of input data increases with each extra interrnode that is modelled, and likewise the amount of output data that is generated also increases. To store, manipulate and analyse these data, the modelling was performed from within a spreadsheet. This was made possible by the scripting language Python and the modelling software PySCeS through an embedded Python interpreter available in the Gnumeric spreadsheet program.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"385-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26320436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
How to keep glycolytic metabolite concentrations constant when ATP/ADP and NADH/NAD+ change. 如何在ATP/ADP和NADH/NAD+变化时保持糖酵解代谢物浓度不变。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060005
P Liguzinski, B Korzeniewski
{"title":"How to keep glycolytic metabolite concentrations constant when ATP/ADP and NADH/NAD+ change.","authors":"P Liguzinski,&nbsp;B Korzeniewski","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycolytic flux may increase over 100 times in skeletal muscle during rest-to-work transition, whereas glycolytic metabolite concentrations remain relatively constant. This constancy cannot be explained by an identical direct activation of all glycolytic enzymes because the concentrations of ATP, ADP, AMP, P(i), NADH and NAD+, modulators of the activity of different glycolytic enzymes, change. It is demonstrated in the present in silico study that a perfect homeostasis of glycolytic metabolite concentrations can be achieved if glycolysis is divided into appropriate blocks of enzymes that are directly activated to a different extent in order to compensate the effect of the modulators.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"332-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26262203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Organisation of B-cell receptors on the cell membrane. 细胞膜上b细胞受体的组织。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060015
D Iber, T Gruhn
{"title":"Organisation of B-cell receptors on the cell membrane.","authors":"D Iber,&nbsp;T Gruhn","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>B-cell receptors (BCRs) have been reported to organise into oligomeric clusters on the B-cell surface, and mutations, that are likely to interfere with such clustering, result in B-cell unresponsiveness. This has led to the suggestion that pre-formed BCR clusters may be crucial for B-cell signalling. However, neither the size nor the fraction of BCRs organised in such clusters have yet been determined in experiments. Hence, the authors use a statistical approach to predict the membrane organisation of BCRs, based on available experimental data. For physiological parameters, most BCRs will organise into supramolecular polymers that comprise about five receptors where the non-covalent interactions are mediated by the IgH transmembrane helix. A reduction in the density of IgM to 2-5% of the normal density, a characteristic of anergic MD4 B cells, strongly reduces IgM polymerisation, and it is suggested that impaired BCR clustering may be responsible for the unresponsiveness of anergic B cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"401-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26320440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Hierarchy of metabolic compounds based on their synthesising capacity. 基于合成能力的代谢化合物的等级。
Systems biology Pub Date : 2006-09-01 DOI: 10.1049/ip-syb:20060021
T Handorf, O Ebenhöh, D Kahn, R Heinrich
{"title":"Hierarchy of metabolic compounds based on their synthesising capacity.","authors":"T Handorf,&nbsp;O Ebenhöh,&nbsp;D Kahn,&nbsp;R Heinrich","doi":"10.1049/ip-syb:20060021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/ip-syb:20060021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of scopes is applied to analyse large metabolic networks. Scopes are defined as sets of metabolites that can be synthesised by a metabolic network when it is provided with given seeds (Sets of initial metabolic compounds). Thus, scopes represent synthesising capacities of the seeds in the network. A hierarchy is discussed in the sense that compounds, which are part of the scope of another compound, possess scopes themselves that are subsets of the former scope. This hierarchy is analysed by means of a directed acyclic graph. Using a simple chemical model, it is found that this hierarchy contains specific structures that can, to a large extent, be explained by the chemical composition of the participating compounds. In this way, it represents a new kind of map of metabolic networks, arranging the metabolic compounds according to their chemical capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":87457,"journal":{"name":"Systems biology","volume":"153 5","pages":"359-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1049/ip-syb:20060021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26320034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
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