Clinical oncology, case reports最新文献

{"title":"Primary Undifferentiated Neoplasm of the Left Arm with Characteristics of Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumor and High-Grade Sarcoma.","authors":"Rodrigo Paredes de la Fuente, Megan E Anderson, Mary Linton B Peters","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A previously healthy man in his late 20s was diagnosed with a primary undifferentiated non- metastatic tumor of the left arm. After a biopsy, a clear pathological diagnosis could not be established. The tumor had positive immunohistological markers for both an extragonadal germ cell tumor and a high-grade sarcoma. Given the presumed germ cell etiology, he was started on empiric chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin. After a few cycles, the tumor showed dramatic response. However, due to poor patient follow- up, it progressed to massive size with severe compromise of the joint and critical neurovascular structures, which led to the decision for limb amputation. Post-surgical checkups showed no recurrence of the primary tumor or metastasis. This is the first report in the literature showing a tumor with these histological characteristics that responded to platinum-based therapy. It provides evidence for the need of more specific markers for the pathological evaluation of undifferentiated neoplasms.</p>","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10795492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139492066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nephroblastoma (Wilms' Tumor): Sex and Age Distribution and Correlation Rate with Ages, Sex, and Kidney Side in Sana’a City, Yemen","authors":"Hassan Abdulwahab Al-Shamahy","doi":"10.31579/2834-5061/002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2834-5061/002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Wilms' tumor is a malignant tumor that contains metanephric blastema, stromal and epithelial derivatives. The characteristic is the presence of abortive tubules and glomeruli surrounded by the stroma of a spindle cell. The stroma may include striated muscle, cartilage, bone, adipose tissue, and fibrous tissue. Aims: The study aimed to describe the age, sex and histology distribution of Wilms’ tumor and its association with age groups, sex and the side affected by the kidneys. Subjects and methods: A retrospective observational study was performed on renal masses patients who were consequently diagnosed selectively by histopathological study in the National Center for Public Health Laboratories (NCPHL) at the Department of Pathology, and the Department of Pathology in Al-Thorah university hospital, Sana'a, Yemen, over a period of 18 years from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2021. Data were collected from hospital records. The study variables were lesions histological types, benign, malignancy, non-neoplastic lesions, sex, grades and age. The whole data were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 22.Ink. The outcomes for variables were given in the form of rates (%). Chi Square was used for categorical variables that measured association among categorical variables. P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Wilms tumors counting 47/282 (16.7%) of total diagnostic malignant tumors. The female cases were 29/47 (61.7%) more than male cases 18/47 (38.3%) with M:F ratio equal to 1.0: 1.6. The mean age of the Wilms’ patients was 5.3 years with SD equal to 3.6 years and ages ranged from 9 months to 15 years. Most of the Wilms’ patients were in age group 1-5 years 31/47(66%) followed by 6-10 years (25.5%). Favorable histology (FVH) Wilms’ tumors with better prognosis counting 42/47 (89.4%) while unfavorable histology (UFVH) with poor prognosis only counting 5/47 (10.6%). There was no significant association between Wilms’ tumor and gender while there was a highly significant association of Wilms’ tumor with 1-5 years group (rate = 77.5%, OR=48.6, CI =19.8-119, p <0.001) and with 6-10 years group (rate= 80%, OR=26.6, CI=7.1 – 98.7, p <0.001). There was no significant association between Wilms’ tumors with kidney side in which roughly equal rates were present in both side. Conclusion: Wilms' tumors in Yemeni children appear at an early age and peak in the first 5 years of life with an increased incidence among females with predominantly FVH. The current study provided much needed information about the burden of Wilms' cancer in Yemen, to enable Yemen to better plan to address the burden. Further studies are necessary to determine the exact incidence and trend of Wilms' cancer and risk factors in Yemen.","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91134224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Program against Cancer in Oceania Low and Middle-Income Countries","authors":"El Hadji Seydou M baye","doi":"10.31579/2834-5061/005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2834-5061/005","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of populations. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 10,291,503 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 375,495,344 persons in Oceania.","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87294296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in a Small Setting- A Case Report","authors":"G. Shree","doi":"10.31579/2834-5061/006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2834-5061/006","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonia is a potentially fatal infection and inflammation of the lower respiratory namely bronchioles and alveoli, usually caused by inhaled bacteria and viruses. The most common type of bacterial pneumonia in India is caused by the Streptococcus pneumoniae. The other organisms responsible for Pneumonia are, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Pneumonia can occur at any age but is more common among young children and elderly in India. Fifty percent of world’s Pneumonia cases occur in India. However, it is not rare to occur among adults. Reliable estimates of disease burden are not available particularly for the adult population. Pneumonia that develops outside the hospital settings is commonly referred to as community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and that develops 48 hours after admission to the hospital is known as hospital acquired pneumonia. CAP is suspected by acute symptoms such as dyspnoea, cough with sputum and fever and presence of new focal chest signs without other obvious cause. New pulmonary infiltrate on a chest radiograph is required for a definite diagnosis. We present a case of CAP in adult male and its management in a sub-district hospital about 90 kms away from Bengaluru the capital of Karnataka State. A36-year male reported at a private hospital in a small town of Chintamani, in Kolar district of Karnataka with the complaints of cough with sputum, fever, vomiting, mild diarrhoea, for the last 3 days on 12/5/2021. Based on Chest Xray and other investigationshe was diagnosed as a case of pneumonia. His treatment consisted of multiple antibiotics that helped recover completely in 5 days.We feel that multiple antibiotics were against the Indian standard protocol of pneumonia management.","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81981242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Activities Blumea Lacera (burn. F) Leaves","authors":"Sadikuj Jaman","doi":"10.31579/2834-5061/004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2834-5061/004","url":null,"abstract":"Blumea lacera (Burn. f.) DC. (Family: Asteraceae) is an important member of Bangladeshi natural plant resource and it is an herbaceous weed locally known as Kukursunga. Different parts of this plant are used traditionally to cure various diseases. But detail study on the antioxidant and antineoplastic potentials of Blumea lacera leaves, has not yet been done. Aim of this study is to examine the antioxidant and antineoplastic properties and quantify the different type of phytochemical content of the methanolic extract of leaves of Blumea lacera (MELB). MELB contained a rich polyphenol, flavonol, flavonoid and proanthocyanidins. MELB showed moderate cytotoxic effect against Artemia salina (brine shrimp nauplii) where its LD50 values was 66.12 µg/ml. In vitro antioxidant assay, MELB exhibited a remarkable capacity to scavenge the tested reactive species. MELB scavenged DPPH with an IC50 of 33.64 µg/mL and 42.69 µg/mL, respectively. In vivo antineoplastic assay, MELB significantly (P<0.05) decreased viable cell count and increased the survival time of EAC cell bearing mice. Hematological profiles were also restored significantly (P<0.05) to normal levels in MELB treated mice as compared to untreated EAC control mice. In addition, fluorescence microscopic view of EAC cells derived from MELB-treated group showed apoptotic characteristics in treated cells compared to untreated EAC control. our findings suggest that methanolic extract of Blumea lacera leaves(MELB) might be a potential agent with antioxidant properties for prevention of cancer and has the merit for further investigation in isolating its active constituents.","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75965479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment with Rosemarinus Officinalis Leaves and Saussurea Lappa Roots Extracts Ameliorate Hepatorenal and Cardiac Cisplatin Toxicity in Ehrlich Ascitic-Bearing Mice","authors":"El-Bolkiny Y.E","doi":"10.31579/2834-5061/003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2834-5061/003","url":null,"abstract":"Medicinal plants have important role in cancer treatments and protect the vital organs from the adverse effect of chemotherapy treatments. This study was conducted to investigate the ameliorating effects of Rosemarinus officinalis leaves (ROLE) and Saussurea lappa roots (SLRE) extracts along with cisplatin (Cis) on hepato-renal and cardiac-toxicities induced in Ehrlich-bearing mice. Forty female Swiss albino mice were divided into 4 groups (n=10) as follows; the first group (Gp1) was served as control. Gp2-Gp4 were inoculated with 1 x 106 EAC-cells/mouse. Gp2 was left without any treatment as EAC-bearing mice, and Gp3 had injected with Cis (2 mg/Kg) starting from day 3 to day7. Gp4 had injected with Cis as in Gp3, and then administered with ROLE/ SLRE from day 3 to day 13. At day 14, blood samples were collected and heart tissue homogenate was prepared for biochemical analysis. Serum hepatic enzymes; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ɤ-glutamyltransferase (ɤ GGT), bilirubin, creatinine and urea levels were significantly increased in EAC-bearing mice, however, the treatment of EAC-bearing mice with Cis/ROLE/SLRE decreased the mentioned biochemical parameters. The contents of troponin (TnI) and creatine-phosphokinase (CPK) in the heart tissue of EAC-bearing mice were also increased; however, the treatment with Cis/ROLE/SLRE exhibited a marked ameliorative effect on both Tn1 and CPK. These results suggested that administration of ROLE/SLRE along with Cis mitigated the toxicity in EAC-bearing mice","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82112295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Treatment of Gastric Outlet Obstruction from A Large Gastroduodenal Trichobezoar: Case Report","authors":"Nafees Ahamad","doi":"10.31579/2834-5061/007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31579/2834-5061/007","url":null,"abstract":"Bezoars are collection of foreign indigestible material accumulating in the gastrointestinal tract leading to intraluminal mass formation that impairs the gastrointestinal motility and can lead to obstruction of the small or the large bowel. These include phytobezoar, lactobezoar, pharmacobezoar, trichobezoar, and polybezoar. A trichobezoar is a mass of undigested hair within the gastrointestinal tract. Trichobezoars are seen in psychiatric young female with known to be trichophagic.","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90289695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ovarian Teratoma in Pediatric: A Case Series","authors":"Ageng Budiananti, F. Matulatan","doi":"10.31487/J.OCR.2021.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31487/J.OCR.2021.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ovarian teratoma is one of the most common tumor types in pediatric ovarian tumor. Ovarian tumor is rare, which constitutes only 1% of all tumors in pediatric patients. Both imaging and laboratory tools are needed and the management in the past decades seem to be giving good outcome.\u0000Case Series: We report 11 cases of ovarian teratoma who came to our institution during the period of 2016-2019.\u0000Conclusion: Proper examinations should be done in diagnosing ovarian teratoma. Surgery (tumor excision along with or without oophorectomy or salpingo-oophorectomy) and chemotherapy (in malignant teratomas) are the standard therapy for ovarian teratoma and appeared to be quite satisfying result.","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90680710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prolonged Complete Response of Early Stage Primary Adenocarcinoma of the Lung to Nivolumab Monotherapy.","authors":"Serhan Unlu,&nbsp;Michael J Grant,&nbsp;Scott Gettinger,&nbsp;Adebowale Adeniran,&nbsp;Harriet M Kluger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors are currently employed for the treatment of various malignancies, including advanced melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. As more patients are treated with checkpoint inhibitors, situations will arise in which early-stage disease may be subjected, intentionally or unintentionally, to these agents. This is especially relevant for patients presenting with multiple primary malignant tumors (MPMTs). Here we report the case of a patient presenting synchronously with metastatic melanoma to multiple regional lymph nodes and stage I lung adenocarcinoma with high Programmed-Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Given the high-risk nature of his melanoma, he was treated with nivolumab monotherapy, and had a durable response of both malignancies to a PD-1 inhibitor. He remains disease-free, off therapy sixteen months after completing a 19-month course of treatment. This highlights the complexity of treating patients with MPMTs in the era of effective immunotherapy and raises the possibility of treating primary lung cancer with systemic immunotherapy in situations in which surgery is not feasible due to comorbidities or other circumstances.</p>","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8353529/pdf/nihms-1727816.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39302643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycophenolate as Primary Treatment for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Induced Acute Kidney Injury in a Patient with Concurrent Immunotherapy-Associated Diabetes: A Case Report.","authors":"Shlomit Jessel,&nbsp;Mathew Austin,&nbsp;Harriet M Kluger","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors enhance T cell response against malignant cells and are standard of care in many tumor types. Disinhibition of cytotoxic T cells in normal organs and inhibition of regulatory T cells can lead to immune-related adverse events. Here we describe a 60-year-old man with metastatic melanoma treated with three cycles of nivolumab and ipilimumab. He subsequently presented with new-onset brittle diabetes, rash, fever, and acute kidney injury. After initiation of insulin and aggressive fluid resuscitation, his kidney functions transiently improved but then dramatically worsened. Due concerns regarding hyperglycemia, a steroid-sparing agent was necessary and he was successfully treated with front-line mycophenolate mofetil, leading to normalization of renal function. The patient went on to develop a complete response and remains disease-free four years later. We conclude that mycophenolate can serve as an effective frontline therapy for immune-mediated acute kidney injury when steroids are contraindicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":87234,"journal":{"name":"Clinical oncology, case reports","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7985664/pdf/nihms-1675429.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25514087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}