Journal of clinical forensic medicine最新文献

{"title":"Overview of the ossified stylohyoid ligament based in more than 1200 forensic autopsies","authors":"Theodore Vougiouklakis","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The human stylohyoid chain presents considerable anatomic variability. In a personal series of 1215 forensic autopsies, eleven cases of complete ossification of the stylohyoid ligament have been revealed. Nine cases were bilateral and two cases were unilateral ossifications. A fractured ossified stylohyoid ligament was found in one case. The embryology and clinical significance of this condition has been mentioned briefly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 268-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.09.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25824720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forthcoming meetings","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00121-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00121-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Page 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-1131(06)00121-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91982607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of eustachian valve and patent foramen ovale in sudden death","authors":"Mahmut Asirdizer ,&nbsp;Ertugrul Tatlisumak","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sudden unexpected cardiac death is the leading cause of death in industrialized countries. Patent foramen ovale and eustachian valve are two of cardiac diseases and they may be associated with clinical disorders as embolism, stroke, plathypnea–orthodeoxia syndrome, carcinoid heart disease, atrial flutter and endocarditis.</p><p>The literature for the roles of patent foramen ovale and eustachian valve in the causes of sudden deaths are reviewed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 262-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25825307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adult stature reconstruction from the calcaneus of South Africans of European descent","authors":"Mubarak Bidmos","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The reconstruction of adult stature from length of limb bones is not a new concept. Population specific regression equations for stature estimation have been derived from these bones in most part of the world. Due to increased violence in major cities of the world resulting in dismemberment of the human body and skeleton, there was a need for derivation of regression equations from fragments of long bones of limbs and segments of the vertebral column. This was achieved with lower accuracies compared to intact limb bones. The calcaneus, the largest of the foot bones, has been used for sex determination in Americans, Europeans and South Africans. Its usefulness in the estimation of stature is not well documented. In this study, Fully’s anatomical method was utilized in the estimation of stature of 85 complete skeletons of South Africans of European descent of known sex and age, obtained from the Raymond A Dart Collection of Human skeletons. Univariate and multivariate regression equations were derived from nine measurements of the calcaneus. Most measurements presented with significantly positive correlation with stature. The resulting standard error of estimate, which is a measure of the accuracy of the equations, compared well with the values that have been recorded for fragments of long bones; thereby making the calcaneus a reliable skeletal element in the estimation of adult stature of South Africans of European descent.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 247-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25824716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serial cholinesterase estimation in carbamate poisoning","authors":"K.S. Pinakini ,&nbsp;T.S. Mohan Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Poisoning is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries like India. Anticholinesterase compounds like organophosphates (OP) and carbamates account for the majority of these poisoning cases because of their easy availability and agricultural use. Carbamates are as popular as OPs as insecticides that often go undiagnosed.</p><p>A fatal case of carbofuran poisoning is presented where serial cholinesterase estimation played a major role in the diagnosis of the same. The pertinent medical literature on carbofuran poisoning is reviewed.</p><p>The establishment of poison information center in each state is needed for proper diagnosis and management of poisoning cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 274-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25825237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case in south-eastern France: A review of drug facilitated sexual assault in European and English-speaking countries","authors":"Anne H. Dorandeu ,&nbsp;Cheryl A. Pagès ,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Sordino ,&nbsp;Gilbert Pépin ,&nbsp;Eric Baccino ,&nbsp;Pascal Kintz","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drug facilitated sexual assaults (DFSA) have been increasingly reported in the medical literature since the 1980s but their legal recognition is more recent, at least in Europe. From a case treated in south-eastern France, whose judicial consequences were known, it seemed of interest to carry out an international study of jurisprudence concerning this type of rape. While from the medical viewpoint the drugs used are well-known and their presence can be clinically verified, the legal consequences of their use in subsequent criminal prosecution is less clear-cut. Some European countries have no jurisprudence in this area, while others consider the use of drugs as an aggravating circumstance. In France, it was only in 2003 that the first case of DFSA was truly punished by the judicial system, with considerable media attention. By contrast, in English-speaking countries, particularly the United States, the use of drugs to facilitate sexual assault has frequently been recognized in legislation and in criminal prosecutions.</p><p>Prevention is fundamental and is recognised as demonstrated by campaigns in various countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 253-261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25899606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relative risk of police use-of-force options: Evaluating the potential for deployment of electronic weaponry","authors":"Emma Jenkinson,&nbsp;Clare Neeson,&nbsp;Anthony Bleetman","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An electronic weapon, the Taser M26, has recently entered the use-of-force continuum for police officers in England and Wales and is currently licensed for use by authorised firearms officers only. The aim of this report was to assess the relative risk of injury to officers and subjects of police use-of-force options and to evaluate whether the current positioning of the M26 in the use-of-force hierarchy is appropriate. We analysed use-of-force data from Northamptonshire Police Force and M26 field use data from TASER International^®. We found officer injury rates associated with M26 deployment were lower than those for CS spray and baton use. Subject injury rates were lower in M26 deployment than in deployment of CS spray, batons or police dogs. We suggest that the M26 should be made more widely available to police officers in the UK.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 229-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25825306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcimedes","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 280-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91982608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation into the suitability of a portable psychometric device to be used in the field: An illicit drugs field investigation","authors":"A. Degia ,&nbsp;R. Meadows ,&nbsp;S. Johnsen ,&nbsp;P. Dixon ,&nbsp;I. Hindmarch ,&nbsp;J. Boyle","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Rationale:</em> Driving performance is easily disrupted as a direct consequence of the use of alcohol, licit and illicit drugs. The use of such drugs has a high degree of correlation with increased accident risk. Europe wide research projects into drugged driving have called for the development of a portable objective device capable of screening those impaired through drug use which can be used at the roadside. <em>Objective:</em> This study investigated the cognitive and psychomotor performance of a cohort of polydrug drug users in field conditions. Volunteers completed a psychometric test battery on a hand held device in music festival conditions. The test battery comprised a critical tracking task (CTT) and a sustained attention to response task (SART). Volunteers also took a breathanalyser and provided a saliva sample for a DOA screen. <em>Results</em>: On the CTT significance was observed for tracking error following response to a peripheral stimulus in the high alcohol (&gt;80<!--> <!-->mg/100<!--> <!-->ml) illicit drug group (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0090) and approached significance for the low alcohol (&lt;80<!--> <!-->mg/100<!--> <!-->ml) illicit drug group (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.088). For the SART, incorrect presses to the target stimulus was impaired for volunteers in both the low (&lt;80<!--> <!-->mg/100<!--> <!-->ml) alcohol illicit drug group (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0080) and the high alcohol (&gt;80<!--> <!-->mg/100<!--> <!-->ml) illicit drug group (<em>p</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.0415). Discrimination analysis demonstrated that the impairment device was able to discriminate between those individuals who had consumed neither alcohol nor drugs (94.12%), those in the low alcohol drug group (46.67%) and those in the high alcohol drug group (60.00%). <em>Conclusion:</em> It is possible to derive an impairment ratio. Further research will demonstrate whether this device could significantly contribute to drug driving detection and road traffic safety.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 242-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25825239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haemorrhoids leading to post-mortem bleeding artefact","authors":"Tanuj Kanchan ,&nbsp;Ritesh G. Menezes ,&nbsp;Shahnavaz Manipady","doi":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a case where a 54-year-old man suffering from haemorrhoids, committed suicide by hanging. Gravitational forces due to the upright position of the body facilitated post-mortem per-rectal bleeding from the ulcerated haemorrhoids. The bleeding stained his under garment and wrap around cloth. Frank blood was also seen on the floor beneath the hanging body. The blood at the crime scene was wrongly interpreted by the investigating police as that due to self-inflicted injury or possibly case of homicide followed by post-mortem suspension of the body. Observation of the crime scene by forensic medicine experts and subsequent autopsy findings revealed that the bleeding was from the haemorrhoids. This case is reported for its rarity, for the awareness of the possible post-mortem haemorrhoidal bleeding artefact, to explain the circumstances of such a possibility, and to emphasize the importance of involving forensic medicine experts as a part of the crime scene investigation team.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":87101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical forensic medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":"Pages 277-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.jcfm.2005.11.012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25825240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}