Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Smokeless Tobacco Consumption and Breast Cancer in Women: Findings of a Case-Control Study","authors":"Munmun Mustafa, Md Ziaul Islam","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.62921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.62921","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women and the second most common cancer overall. Among the various risk factors of breast cancer, smokeless tobacco is the neglected potential one. Hence the study was conducted to assess the association between smokeless tobacco consumption & breast cancer risk among the women. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the association between smokeless tobacco consumption and breast cancer in women and to compare the pattern of smokeless tobacco consumption, relevant other factors of breast cancer and the socio-demographic characteristics between the cases and controls. Methods: This case control study was conducted in 302 women of two tertiary hospitals of Dhaka city from January to December’2020. The study enrolled 151 breast cancer patients as cases and another 151 non cancer age-matched women as controls. Convenient technique was used for data collection. A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and a checklist were used for face to face interview and to review the medical record respectively. The data were analyzed by SPSS software. Quality control checks of the data were done at all stages of the study. All ethical issues were maintained strictly and informed written consent was taken from each case and control. Results: The mean (±SD) age of cases and controls was 44.4(±10.56) &44.82(±10.2) years respectively (p=0.769). Maximum cases (90.1%) were married in comparison to controls (76.2%) and the association was significant (p=0.003). Majority of the cases (63.58%) had monthly income of 21000-50000tk compared to controls (51.66%) and this difference was significant (p=0.01).Among the cases, 36.4% were exposed to smokeless tobacco in comparison to 33.8% controls. Though this association was not significant (p=0.630) but maximum cases (70.9%) were found to be exposed for 16-30 years in comparison to controls (43.9%) and it was statistically significant (OR: 7.58, 95%CI: 0.865-66.404). Among the cases, who were exposed to zarda were 3.25 times more likely to have it >10 times in comparison to 2.6% controls (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.05-9.99, p=0.040). Conclusion: Increased frequency and duration of smokeless tobacco intake is found significantly associated with breast cancer so specific preventive intervention is required for prevention of smokeless tobacco consumption among women to alleviate breast cancer. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(2): 83-90","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure in the Management of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN) –in A Tertiary Level Hospital","authors":"Ayesha Siddiqua, Shirin Akhter Begum, Salma Rouf, Faujia Sharmin, Mehriban Amatullah, Tasfia Mahmud","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.66003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.66003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is the potentially premalignant transformation and abnormal growth of surface epithelial cells of the cervix. CIN is a precancerous condition and curable. Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a simple, outpatient procedure of removing the transformation zone of cervix. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy of large loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) as a treatment procedure for cervical intraepiethelial neoplasia. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Colposcopy clinic of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) from June, 2017 to May, 2019. All consecutive patients having colposcopicaly and histopathologicaly proven high grade lesion by colposcopy directed punch biopsy were included in this study. All eligible patients with high grade lesion were underwent LEEP and followed up on 15 days post-procedure, 6 months, 12 months with colposcopy. Results: Sixty (60) cases were undergone LEEP, among them 48 (80%) cases were diagnosed as CIN2 and 12 (20%) cases were CIN3 by colposcopy- directed biopsy. One patient (1.7%) needed hospital admission to controll intra-operative bleeding and in postoperative period 7 (11.7%) patients had mild to moderate post-operative bleeding which was controlled well after application of morsel’s pastes and electro-cautery, one patient (1.7%) had pelvic infection. On 6 months follow-up, in case of CIN2 patients, cure rate was 93.5% (43 of 46) and 1 (2.2%) patient had persistent CIN-2. Patient with persistent CIN2 had re-excision and followed up at 12 month with colposcopy. Among case of CIN-3, the cure rate was 81.8% (9 of 11) and 1 (9.1%) case had CIN2. P-value was 0.244, which was not statistically significant. Overall cure rate on 6 month follow-up was 91.2%. On 12 months follow-up cure rate for CIN2 was 97.8% and for CIN3 was 90.9%. Overall cure rate was 96.5%. P-value was 0.352, which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) has a good outcome as a diagnostic and treatment procedure for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(2): 113-119","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic Consumption Behaviour of Dental Patients Attending in Tertiary Hospital","authors":"Md Salim Uddin, Towhida Ahsan, Hafiza Sultana","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.65990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.65990","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The consumption of antibiotics is increasing globally and in dentistry, it is increasing day by day at an alarming rate. The irrational consumption of antibiotics results not only in the emergence of antibiotic resistance but also in various adverse reactions and imposes financial burden on health system. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the antibiotic consumption behaviour of dental patients attending in tertiary hospital. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dhaka Dental College Hospital from July 2020 to June 2021 among 195 dental patients. After obtaining informed written consent, data were collected by face to face interview using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire and checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26 version. Pearson’s Chi-square test and Likelihood Ratio were done to assess the association with 5% level of significance. Results: In this study, mean (±SD) age of the dental patients was 41.11 (±14.09) years. Majority of the patients were male (52.8%). More than half (52.8%) of the patients’ monthly family income was ≤20000 BDT with predominant urban dwellers (72.8%). Mean (±SD) antibiotic consumption behaviour score of the patients were 10.96 (±3.879) and behaviour categories were good behaviour (35.9%), average behaviour (32.8%) and poor behaviour (31.8%) respectively. More than half of the patients (56.4%) sometimes forgot or missed any of their antibiotics and about one-fourth (26.7%) of the patients were not aware that they were prescribed antibiotics for their dental conditions. Antibiotic consumption behaviour showed significant association with educational status (p<0.001), occupation (p<0.010), residence (p<0.002), family income (p<0.001) and awareness about antibiotics (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed improper antibiotic consumption behaviour among a large number of dental patients. Behaviour change communication measures focusing on both prescribers and dental patients is recommended to reduce inappropriate consumption of antibiotics and to promote rational usage. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(2): 91-97","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Adipokines and Inflammatory Cytokines on Abnormal Glucose Tolerance in Young","authors":"Nusrat Sultana, Indira Roy, Mashfiqul Hasan, Amrit Rijal, M A Hasanat","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.67909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.67909","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Adipokines and inflammatory cytokines may have an important impact on rising trend of obesity and abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT) in young across the globe. The aim of the study was to see serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in young Bangladeshi with AGT. Methods: This case-control study included 40 young participants with AGT [age 26 years (IQR 24-29); 60.0% female] and 40 with normal glucose tolerance [NGT; age 25 years (IQR 22-28); 44.0% female] encompassed following the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbA1c. Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). The measurement of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin and TNF-α was done by ELISA whereas CRP by Chemiluminescent test. Results: Level of TNF-α, leptin, and adiponectin as well as frequency of raised resistin and CRP were statistically similar between AGT and NGT (p=NS for all). Positive correlation of TNF-α [body mass index (BMI) in AGT: r=0.354, p=0.025)], leptin [BMI in AGT r=0.760, p<0.001 and NGT 0.675, p<0.001; waist circumference (WC) in AGT: r=0.675, p<0.001 and NGT 0.493, p=0.001] and CRP (NGT group: BMI: 0.579, p<0.001; WC: 0.553, p<0.001) but negative correlation of adiponectin [waist-hip ratio (WHR) in NGT: r=-413, p=0.008] and resistin (WHR in AGT: r=-0.607, p=0.003) with measures of obesity were observed. No adipokines or inflammatory cytokines had any significant correlation to glycemic measures, except negative correlation in AGT with leptin (FPG: r=-0.405, p=0.010; 2hPG: r=-0.431, p=0.006; HbA1c: r=-0.399, p=0.011) and CRP (2hPG; r=-0.490, p=0.021). Fasting insulin or IR had a positive correlation with leptin (in AGT: insulin r=0.545, p<0.001 &amp; IR r=0.337, p=0.034) and CRP (in NGT r=0.318, p=0.045 &amp; r=0.323, p=0.042), negative correlation with adiponectin (in NGT insulin r=-0.350, p=0.027 &amp; IR r=-0.352, p=0.026) and resistin (IR in NGT: r=-0.340, p=0.032) while no significant correlations with TNF-α. None of the cytokines or inflammatory markers were independent predictors of AGT in youth. Conclusions: The serum levels of cytokines do not differ significantly between AGT and NGT subgroups of young subjects and none of the cytokines was observed to be independent predictor over AGT in young. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(2): 126-133","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Control Study on Prevalence, Sleep Disorder &amp; Life Style of Children with Autism of Bangladesh","authors":"Md Fakhrul Alam, A S M Sarwar, Khandarker Sabit Bin Razzak, Sayadat Amin, Shamima Akter, Anika Bushra","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.67966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.67966","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This research analyzes the sleeping conditions of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and examines the relationship between common sleep disorders, core symptoms, and developmental phases. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence, sleep disorder &amp; life style of children with autism of Bangladesh. Methods: This case-control study used qualitative and quantitative (Mix-Method) approaches. Sources were primary and secondary. The study conducted in 08 districts in Bangladesh such as Dhaka, Chittagong, Jassore, Mymensingh, Rajshahi, Rangpur, Barisal, Sylhet. This study included 400 school going children and the age group was within 3-12 years old and 200 children were from Autistic Spectrum Disorder and 200 children were from Traditionally Developed Children. Results: In case group among the 200 respondents who were the guardian of the children of ASD highest (74%) were mother followed by (24.50%) were father and only (1.50%) were other like brother or sister. In control group (TDC) highest (71%) respondents were mother followed by (16.50%) were father and only (12.50%) were from other like sister or brother. Highest (58.50%) ASD children were within the age of 9 to 12 years and 32.50% were 6 to 8 years old. Only 9% were from (3 to 5) years old. In control group highest (58%) TDC were within the age of 9 to 12 years and 29% were 6 to 8 years old. Only 13% were from (3 to 5) years old. Highest (67%) were male and (33%) were female on the other hand in control group (54%) were male and (46%) were female. In case group, highest (50.50%) were classical autism and highest (69.00%) were referred for test. According to children’s response to social response’s in case group rarely response was 35%, sometimes response was 27.5%, often response was 14.0%, maximum time response was 11.5%, always response was 12.0%. Chi-Square Tests results shows that both slip duration and taking pill among ASD children and TDC are significant which indicate there is certain association of ASD and sleep disorder. Conclusion: ASD Children have certain sleep disorder and challenging life style. Early detection by using effective diagnosis and test required for ASD. ASD children need special care with proper lifestyle management. This study observed that the ASD children have certain creativity especially in handicraft, art and cultural activities. Proper skill development training can improve their creativity. Therefore it is necessary to support them from all part of society. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(2): 134-142","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status of Quality and Compliance to Inpatient Quality Indicators and Patient Safety Indicators in a Selected Private Corporate Hospital at Dhaka City Bangladesh","authors":"Abu Sayed Mohammad Giasuddin, Mohammad Shahjahan, Nuhad Raisa Seoty, Sayma Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.65993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.65993","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The stutus of quality and compliance to inpatient quality indicators (IQIs) and patient safety indicators (PSIs) in corporate hospitals at dhaka city Bangladesh are not known as they are not adequately studied. Objective: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was therefor undertaken to know the status of quality and compliance to selected IQIs and PSIs in a selected private (corporate) hospital at Dhaka City Bangladesh. The period of study and hospital data collection period were May to August 2019 and January to March 2019 respectively. Methods: Selected IQIs and PSIs developed by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), USA and hospital facilities utilization parameters were investigated. Data were collected using questionnaires and checklists for the period of January to March 2019 from the purposively selected private (corporate) hospital. Sociodemographic information of randomly selected junior doctors and nurses were taken. Randomly selected senior clinicians, nurses and executives were interviewed regarding knowledge about selective IQIs, PSIs, JCIS, ISO relevant to quality healthcare. Data were analysed by SPSS programme version 20. Results: The hospital has all relevant admistrative and clinical departments, bed patterns and has efficient admission and discharge processes for inpatients. Bed utilization was 87.5% of total 159 available beds. Patients visited OPD: 2434 per day, admitted: 28 per day and discharged with successful outcome: 27 per day. Average length of stay (ALS), hospital acquired infection (HAI) and hospital deaths were 3.6 days, 1.76% (18/1000 cases), and 124 (01 per day) respectively during data collection period. Tests done in Laboratory Medicine were 267637 with Clinical Biochemistry tests highest (51.21%) and investigations in Radiology-Imaging departments were 74997 with X-rays being highest (40.22%). Of the five selected IQIs, total CABG cases done were 191 with 04 hospital deaths i.e. 2.1% (21 per 1000 cases) and total AMI cases done were 140 with 12 hospital deaths i.e. 8.5% (85 per 1000 cases). No casualties were reported for caesarean deliveries or primary/normal deliveries. None of the five selected PSIs were traced over the data collection period. Conclusion: These findings suggested that the selected hospital’s services were demanding and it was concerned about quality healthcare services. However, comparative studies with other private corporate hospotals at Dhaka City including larger number of respodents are warrented. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(2): 98-112","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Down’s Syndrome Presented with Transmission of Maternal Translocation of 2; 21 Chromosomes. A Case Report","authors":"Mohammad Moniruzzaman, Pallab Kumar Das, Mhabuba Akter, Jasmin Nur, Zeenat Farzana Rahman, Md Sohrab Alam, Mansura Khan, M Sawkat Hasan","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.62712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v49i2.62712","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Down's syndrome is a genetic condition marked by distinctive physical characteristics and some degree of cognitive impairment. Down's syndrome is mostly caused by trisomy of chromosome 21, while chromosome translocations are also frequent. Objective: To evaluate a rare 2;21 translocation in the proband's family that was associated with Down syndrome. Methods: Chromosomal analysis was carried out using the G-banding technique and traditional peripheral lymphocyte culture. Case: The proband was a 9 months baby boy of non-consanguineous parents. The doctors clinically diagnosed him as having Down's syndrome with all typical features. The proband was found to have trisomy 21 associated with a 2;21 translocation inherited from his mother because his mother has the same type of translocation without any phenotypic features. Maternal age at the time of the study was 35 years and first pregnancy ended in stillbirth at 26th weeks of gestation, the proband was the second issue. His maternal aunt and cousin brother both had the same type of translocation. In chromosomal analysis, the proband's father and uncle had normal genotypic distribution. The current example was a Down's syndrome case with one normal 21 no chromosome and one Reciprocal translocation t (2;21). Conclusion: The present case of Down’s syndrome occurs due to reciprocal translocation (2;21) probably has arisen by familial transmission. Once an imbalanced translocation in the fetus/child has been found, the prenatal cytogenetic analysis is critical for the next pregnancies. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2023; 49(2): 143-147","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135053601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of Unani and Ayurveda Practitioners Regarding Pharmacovigilance","authors":"Zulia Sultana, Rafaat Choudhury, Hafiza Sultana, Aysha Haque, Mohammad Rashidul Alam, Md Golam Abbas","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i3.62419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i3.62419","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pharmacovigilance is concerned with public health and adverse drug reactions. The essence of pharmacovigilance is the reporting of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). All health care professionals should have knowledge about pharmacovigilance. Objective: To assess knowledge of unani and ayurveda practitioners regarding pharmacovigilance. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 190 selected Unani and Ayurveda practitioners who graduated from Govt-Unani and Ayurvedic medical college. Purposive sampling method was applied for sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was developed and the respondents were interviewed face to face maintaining confidentiality and privacy. Study places were Govt-Unani and Ayurvedic Medical College of Dhaka and Sylhet and Private medical chambers of Unani and Ayurveda practitioners. Results: This study revealed that out of 190 respondents 60% belonged to age group of 20-34 years and 3.7% were within the age group greater than 54 years and mean age were 34.55±7.42 years. 64.7% of the respondents were Unani practitioners and 35.3% were Ayurvedic practitioners. Regarding concept of pharmacovigilance, 22.6% of the respondents had good knowledge whereas 22.1% of the respondents had good knowledge about ADR and drug safety. Out of total 190 respondents 34.7% had good knowledge regarding pharmacovigilance, 35.8% of respondents had fair knowledge and 29.5% had poor knowledge regarding pharmacovigilance. Conclusion: This study revealed that majority of Unani and Ayurveda practitioners had fair knowledge regarding pharmacovigilance. Education and training programs are necessary to improve knowledge of Unani and Ayurveda practitioners. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(3): 219-224","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"311 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emergence of fosfomycin resistance among isolates of multidrug-resistant Enterobacter species at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh","authors":"Nazmun Nahar Munny, SM Shamsuzzaman, Tamzeed Hossain","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i3.63812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i3.63812","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The emergence of multidrug-resistant Enterobacter species as a worrying resistant pathogen seriously threatened human health. The rising rate of resistance to commonly used antibiotics limit the choice hence it is urgent to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of older drug like Fosfomycin. Objective: The study aimed to seek the frequency of fosfomycin resistance in the clinical isolates of Enterobacter species and to detect the fosfomycin resistance gene along with antibiotic resistance pattern. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh from July 2018 to June 2019. Enterobacter spp. was isolated from a total of 350 samples by a standard microbiological method. Antibiotic susceptibility was performed by the disk diffusion technique. Antibiotic susceptibility and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of fosfomycin were determined by the agar dilution method. Fosfomycin resistance gene fosA, fosA3, fosA4, fosA5, fosB, fosB2, fosC, fosC2 and fosX among fosfomycin‑resistant Enterobacter spp detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primer. Sequencing of fosA and fosA₅ was performed by capillary method, and the nucleotide sequence of fosA₅ has been deposited to GenBank. Results: Out of 28 Enterobacter spp. 7 (25%) fosfomycin resistant Enterobacter spp. were detected by agar dilution method. Out of 7 fosfomycin-resistant strains, 4 (57.14%) were isolated from urine samples. Fifteen (53.57%) isolates of Enterobacter spp. were multidrug-resistant detected by disc diffusion technique. All of the fosfomycin-resistant isolates were MDR. A significant rise in the MIC was found between 256µg/ml- ≥4096 µg/ml to fosfomycin. PCR revealed that 100% of fosfomycin resistant isolates are positive for fosA, 71.43% and 28.57% were positive for fosA₅ and fosB₂ respectively. Sequencing of fosA₅ gene established the FosA family fosfomycin resistance glutathione transferase gene. Conclusion: The results of this study showed a high proportion of fosfomycin resistance among multidrug-resistant Enterobacter spp. irrespective of fosfomycin usage in Bangladesh. FosA family fosfomycin resistance glutathione transferase gene emerging in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(3): 203-210","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135690896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Literacy Status and Preventive Behavioral Perception of Dental Patients Regarding COVID-19 Pandemic in Selected Tertiary Hospitals of Bangladesh","authors":"Towhida Ahsan, Md Golam Abbas, Md Salim Uddin, Aysha Hauqe, Mohammad Rashidul Alam, Hafiza Sultana, Rafaat Choudhury","doi":"10.3329/bmrcb.v48i3.62675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v48i3.62675","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 has declared a public health emergency as a global crisis. In this situation dental patients are at high risk because of direct person to person transmission. Dental treatment requires very close contact elsewhere there are some other factors such as waiting room, ventilation system of hospital, gathering and so on which make the condition more critical. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the health literacy status and preventive behavioral perception of dental patients regarding the COVID-19. Methods: Data were collected from total 342 respondents by self-administered semi-structured questionnaire and face to face interview was conducted. Systematic random sampling was done in Dhaka Dental College Hospital and Chattogram International Dental College Hospital during data collection. Informed written consent was taken from each participants. Frequencies, percentages, charts, and diagrams were used to present the analysis, which was carried out using SPSS. Results: In this study, majority of dental patients were within 25-34 years age. Mean (±SD) age was 36(±13.32) years. Maximum patients (85.1%) had more accurate health literacy related perception regarding COVID-19 and there were significant association between educational status, occupational status of the dental patients and their health literacy status (p <0.05) regarding COVID-19. More than 80% patients were aware about preventive aspects of COVID-19 and had good preventive behavior related perception but they expressed that it was not possible to maintain every precautionary behavior in reality. About 53.8% agreed staying at home would play a significant role in preventing COVID-19 but a big portion disagreed with this. Approximately 15% disagreed with the issue that keeping a physical distance in public places and avoiding social events reduces the spread of novel corona viruses. Conclusion: In this study a significant portion of good health literacy related and preventive behavioral perception of dental patients regarding COVID-19 was recorded. However a comprehensive awareness-raising program should be continued to hold this optimistic perception and inspire them to practice this perception in reality. Bangladesh Medical Res Counc Bull 2022; 48(3): 236-243","PeriodicalId":8704,"journal":{"name":"Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135692975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}