Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy最新文献_第4页

Production and degradation of oxygen metabolites during inflammatory states in the human lung. 人肺炎症状态下氧代谢产物的产生和降解。

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054526368

Vuokko L Kinnula

{"title":"Production and degradation of oxygen metabolites during inflammatory states in the human lung.","authors":"Vuokko L Kinnula","doi":"10.2174/1568010054526368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568010054526368","url":null,"abstract":"Lung represents a tissue that encounters a high oxidant burden but is also endowed with efficient protection against oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The oxidant stress experienced by the lung is enhanced by exogenous oxidant producing toxins most importantly pollutants and cigarette smoke, as well as by increased oxidant production during lung inflammation. The major oxidant generating enzymes present in human lung include NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase, eosinophil peroxidase and nitric oxide synthases, all of which are induced during inflammatory states. The antioxidant machinery of human lung against ROS is more versatile than often assumed. In addition to metal binding proteins, mucus components and small molecular weight antioxidants and vitamins, lung tissue possesses a highly cell specific and compartmentalized defense system containing several antioxidant enzymes with variable locations, inducibilities and kinetics. Inflammatory states like asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) and parenchymal lung disorders have been shown to lead to serious disturbances in the oxidant/antioxidant balance of the lung with consequent oxidant mediated cell injury. Novel synthetic antioxidant mimetics may have the potential to slow or terminate the progression of lung diseases associated with free radicals.","PeriodicalId":86954,"journal":{"name":"Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy","volume":"4 4","pages":"465-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1568010054526368","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25249977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 56

Oxygen radicals in inflammation and allergy related to viral infections. 与病毒感染有关的炎症和过敏中的氧自由基。

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054526377

M Kato, Y Hayashi, H Kimura

{"title":"Oxygen radicals in inflammation and allergy related to viral infections.","authors":"M Kato, Y Hayashi, H Kimura","doi":"10.2174/1568010054526377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568010054526377","url":null,"abstract":"Oxygen radicals including superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in a variety of inflammatory diseases induced by viral infection. In this review, we focus on the role of oxygen radicals in allergic inflammation such as bronchial asthma induced by viral infection--specifically, with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This infection in early childhood is a risk factor for development of wheezing, significant decreases in pulmonary function, and increases in airway reactivity. RSV infection also exacerbates recurrent wheezing attacks in patients with established asthma. Recently, we have demonstrated that RSV enhanced superoxide production by human eosinophils stimulated with a lipid mediator such as platelet-activating factor. This response depends on a beta2 integrin, alphaMbeta2, which is critical for eosinophil effector functions. Our results suggest that eosinophils and their products promote RSV-induced airway inflammation in asthma. Close delineation of the mechanism by which RSV enhances eosinophilic inflammation in asthma should yield clues to more effective therapy.","PeriodicalId":86954,"journal":{"name":"Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy","volume":"4 4","pages":"497-501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1568010054526377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25249345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Oxidative stress-related molecules as a therapeutic target for inflammatory and allergic diseases. 氧化应激相关分子作为炎症和过敏性疾病的治疗靶点。

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-08-01 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054526269

Y Naito, H Takano, T Yoshikawa

引用次数: 26

Editorial [Hot Topic: Granulocyte Toxicity in the Lung (Guest Editor: Hannu Kankaanranta)] 社论[热点话题:肺中的粒细胞毒性(特邀编辑:Hannu Kankaanranta)]

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-07-31 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054526340

H. Kankaanranta

引用次数: 2

Editorial [Hot Topic: Role of Oxygen Radicals in Inflammation and Allergy (Guest Editors: Masahiko Kato / Hirokazu Kimura)] 社论[热点话题:氧自由基在炎症和过敏中的作用(特邀编辑:加藤正彦/木村博和)]

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-07-31 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054526250

M. Kimura

引用次数: 1

Prostaglandins and cyclooxygenases in glial cells during brain inflammation. 脑炎症期间神经胶质细胞中的前列腺素和环氧化酶。

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054022051

Shun-Fen Tzeng, Han-Yun Hsiao, Oi-Tong Mak

{"title":"Prostaglandins and cyclooxygenases in glial cells during brain inflammation.","authors":"Shun-Fen Tzeng, Han-Yun Hsiao, Oi-Tong Mak","doi":"10.2174/1568010054022051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568010054022051","url":null,"abstract":"Many brain disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington, stroke, head trauma, and infection, are associated with inflammation that is involved in neuropathologenesis and hyperalgesis. Microglia and astrocytes act as immune cells in the inflamed brain. Both cell types, but especially microglia, are thought to contribute to the onset of inflammation in many brain diseases by producing deleterious proinflammatory mediators. Prostaglandins (PGs), which are critical mediators of physiologic processes and inflammation, are largely produced by activated microglia and reactive astrocytes during brain inflammation. These compounds are converted from arachnoidic acid (AA) by two isoforms of the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, namely COX-1 and COX-2. In particular, the action of COX-2 and PGs in CNS inflammation has gained much attention recently. PGs have been found to act neuroprotectively by elevating intracellular cAMP levels in neurons. These molecules also function as anti-inflammatory molecules to reduce the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines, and to increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines. However, accumulating evidence also shows that COX inhibitors alleviate various types of brain damage via suppressing inflammatory reactions. Accordingly, the roles of two COX enzymes in mediating inflammation and anti-inflammation have recently been debated. We provide here a review of recent findings indicating that the reciprocal interaction of glial cell activation, COX enzymes and PGs mediates neurodegeneration and neuroprotection during brain inflammation. In addition, the mechanism by which PGs mediate signaling is discussed.","PeriodicalId":86954,"journal":{"name":"Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy","volume":"4 3","pages":"335-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1568010054022051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24958677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 123

Dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and related steroids: their role in inflammatory, allergic and immunological disorders. 脱氢表雄酮、硫酸脱氢表雄酮和相关类固醇:它们在炎症、过敏和免疫疾病中的作用。

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054022079

Joseph S Dillon

{"title":"Dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and related steroids: their role in inflammatory, allergic and immunological disorders.","authors":"Joseph S Dillon","doi":"10.2174/1568010054022079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568010054022079","url":null,"abstract":"Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) are metabolic intermediates in the production of potent androgens, estrogens and other less well-characterized steroids. DHEA(S) and closely related steroid hormones have a variety of immunological effects both in vitro and in vivo in experimental animals and humans. Many of these effects have been demonstrated in animal models where there is little circulating DHEA(S), and the demonstrated effects are generally seen at concentrations of DHEA(S) which are supra-physiological in man. The physiological role of DHEA(S) in the immunological system is unknown. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of action of DHEA(S) is unclear. In this review, I focus on studies of the immunological effects of DHEA(S) and closely related steroid metabolites and analogs, mainly derived from literature published in the last five years. My purpose is to describe the demonstrated effects and to highlight some of the remaining major research issues in this field. These issues include defining the molecular mechanism of DHEA(S) action; determining whether the effect of DHEA(S) is related to the steroid itself or to a metabolic product of DHEA; determining the relationship of physiological function to the pharmacological effects; and determining the molecular basis for species-specific differences in effects.","PeriodicalId":86954,"journal":{"name":"Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy","volume":"4 3","pages":"377-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1568010054022079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24958681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 115

The role of CXCR2/CXCR2 ligands in acute lung injury. CXCR2/CXCR2配体在急性肺损伤中的作用

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054022178

Robert M Strieter, Michael P Keane, Marie D Burdick, Ammar Sakkour, Lynne A Murray, John A Belperio

引用次数: 37

Keratinocytes in inflammatory skin diseases. 炎症性皮肤病中的角质形成细胞。

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054022033

Cristina Albanesi, Claudia Scarponi, Maria L Giustizieri, Giampiero Girolomoni

引用次数: 182

Matrix metalloproteinase knockout studies and the potential use of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors in the rheumatic diseases. 基质金属蛋白酶敲除研究及基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂在风湿病中的潜在应用

Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy Pub Date : 2005-06-01 DOI: 10.2174/1568010054022141

Jennifer M Milner, Tim E Cawston

{"title":"Matrix metalloproteinase knockout studies and the potential use of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors in the rheumatic diseases.","authors":"Jennifer M Milner, Tim E Cawston","doi":"10.2174/1568010054022141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1568010054022141","url":null,"abstract":"The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) comprise a family of enzymes that collectively can degrade all components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). MMPs play an important role in many physiological processes such as embryonic development and growth, tissue remodelling and repair. Overexpression and activation of MMPs contributes to many pathologies, including arthritis, cardiovascular disease, tumour progression and lung disease. Targeted mutagenesis has allowed investigators to examine the contribution of MMPs to these physiological and pathologic processes. In this manuscript, we will present an up-to date review of these studies. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) are chronic diseases that result in cartilage degradation and loss of joint function. MMPs have been implicated in the collagen breakdown that contributes to joint destruction. Current available drugs to treat arthritis are predominantly directed towards the control of pain and/or the inflammation associated with joint synovitis but they do little to reduce joint destruction. Synthetic MMP inhibitors have been developed and in animal models of OA and/or RA, these agents have shown chondroprotective effects. However, results from clinical trials in RA have been equivocal, with some studies being terminated because of lack of efficacy or safety concerns. Increased understanding of the structure, regulation and function of individual MMPs may lead to more effective strategies. Approaches aimed at multiple steps of the pathogenesis of arthritis may be needed to break the chronic cycle of joint destruction. In the future, it will be important to have drugs that prevent the structural damage caused by bone and cartilage breakdown.","PeriodicalId":86954,"journal":{"name":"Current drug targets. Inflammation and allergy","volume":"4 3","pages":"363-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/1568010054022141","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24958680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 98