Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Closing loopholes in Australian vaping laws: Why Australia’s proposed vaping reforms are sound public health policy","authors":"Becky Freeman , Anita Dessaix , Tanya Buchanan","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052913/pdfft?md5=de170f6ec271c8f18618f2f294194db7&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052913-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139544570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing the risks and benefits of sun exposure: A revised position statement for Australian adults","authors":"Rachel E. Neale ,&nbsp;Victoria Beedle ,&nbsp;Peter R. Ebeling ,&nbsp;Thomas Elliott ,&nbsp;David Francis ,&nbsp;Christian M. Girgis ,&nbsp;Louisa Gordon ,&nbsp;Monika Janda ,&nbsp;Graeme Jones ,&nbsp;Robyn M. Lucas ,&nbsp;Rebecca S. Mason ,&nbsp;Philip Keith Monnington ,&nbsp;Julia Morahan ,&nbsp;Georgia Paxton ,&nbsp;Craig Sinclair ,&nbsp;Stephen Shumack ,&nbsp;Jane Smith ,&nbsp;Ann R. Webb ,&nbsp;David C. Whiteman","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe the development of a new position statement regarding balancing the risks and benefits of sun exposure for Australian adults.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a Sun Exposure Summit in March 2021, with presentations from invited experts and a workshop including representation from academic, clinical, policy, and patient stakeholder organisations. The group considered advice about balancing the risks and benefits of sun exposure for Australian adults and developed a revised consensus position statement.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The balance of risks and benefits of sun exposure is not the same for everybody. For people at very high risk of skin cancer, the risks of exposure likely outweigh the benefits; sun protection is essential. Conversely, people with deeply pigmented skin are at low risk of skin cancer but at high risk of vitamin D deficiency; routine sun protection is not recommended. For those at intermediate risk of skin cancer, sun protection remains a priority, but individuals may obtain sufficient sun exposure to maintain adequate vitamin D status.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The new position statement provides sun exposure advice that explicitly recognises the differing needs of Australia’s diverse population.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Mass communication campaigns should retain the focus on skin cancer prevention. The new position statement will support the delivery of personalised advice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052949/pdfft?md5=663e98c561462321a8d5a72eeb3279b8&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052949-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139728868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on new parents enrolled in the ‘BABY1000’ birth cohort study in Sydney, Australia: A mixed-methods study","authors":"Allison Marie Grech ,&nbsp;Sweekriti Sharma ,&nbsp;Nathalie Kizirian ,&nbsp;Adrienne Gordon","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic was, and continues to be, uniquely experienced by women in the perinatal period and their families. Whilst long-term impacts of the pandemic are unknown, exposures in pregnancy and early life have impacts across the life-course and future generations. The objective of this manuscript was to explore how the pregnancy, postpartum and parenting experiences of a subset of participants from the ‘BABY1000’ cohort in Sydney, Australia, were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and explore associations between these experiences and state anxiety.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Mixed methods were used. Participants were requested to complete an online survey including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory short form (STAI-6), followed by an invitation to participate in focus group discussions (FGDs).</p></div><div><h3><strong>Results</strong></h3><p>From September to November 2021, 88 parents completed the survey (mean age 33.5 years, 60% born in Australia, 58% primiparous). Twenty-two parents participated in FGDs. Six themes were identified regarding the experience of parents: (1) Maternal support, (2) Family relationships, (3) Stress and mental health, (4) Healthcare, (5) Family lifestyle and routine, and (6) Long-term impacts. The mean STAI-6 score was 40 (SD 12.3), representing high anxiety. High anxiety was significantly associated with concern regarding COVID-19 and feeling overburdened and lonely.</p></div><div><h3><strong>Conclusions</strong></h3><p>The COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health orders significantly impacted participants’ pregnancy, postpartum and parenting experiences. Whilst these experiences included some unexpected positives, for many, these were outweighed by negative impacts on mental health, social support, health behaviours, and family relationships.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>Ongoing longitudinal research is imperative to identify potential long-term effects of the pandemic across the life-course, better support families in the short and long-term, and plan for public health crises in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000025/pdfft?md5=218a2a32d0becc3597c3f58f8148c906&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000025-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139731462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparing for a hotter climate: A systematic review and meta-analysis of heatwaves and ambulance callouts in Australia","authors":"Mehak Oberai ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Xu ,&nbsp;Aaron J.E. Bach ,&nbsp;Dung Phung ,&nbsp;Jessica T. Watzek ,&nbsp;Shannon Rutherford","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this study was to quantify the impact of heatwaves on likelihood of ambulance callouts for Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to retrieve and synthesise evidence published from 1 January 2011 to 31 May 2023 about the association between heatwaves and the likelihood of ambulance callouts in Australia. Different heatwave definitions were used ranging from excess heat factor to heatwave defined as a continuous period with temperatures above certain defined thresholds (which varied based on study locations).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We included nine papers which met the inclusion criteria for the review. Eight were eligible for the meta-analyses. The multilevel meta-analyses revealed that the likelihood of ambulance callouts for all causes and for cardiovascular diseases increased by 10% (95% confidence interval: 8%, 13%) and 5% (95% confidence interval: 1%, 3%), respectively, during heatwave days.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Exposure to heatwaves is associated with an increased likelihood of ambulance callouts, and there is a dose–response association between heatwave severity and the likelihood of ambulance callouts.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>The number of heatwave days are going to increase, and this will mean an increase in the likelihood of ambulance callouts, thereby, spotlighting the real burden that heatwaves place on our already stressed healthcare system. The findings of this study underscore the critical need for proactive measures, including the establishment of research initiatives and holistic heat health awareness campaigns, spanning from the individual and community levels to the healthcare system, in order to create a more resilient Australia in the face of heatwave-related challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052925/pdfft?md5=a188b47440e1c6b3ce2d0b01e9cdefa8&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052925-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deadly places: The role of geography in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Gustavo Hermes Soares,&nbsp;Joanne Hedges,&nbsp;Brianna Poirier,&nbsp;Sneha Sethi,&nbsp;Lisa Jamieson","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this study was to investigate the geospatial distribution of COVID-19 vaccination rates for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples across Local Government Areas in Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We described the patterns of COVID-19 vaccination across jurisdictions, identified clusters with different levels of vaccination uptake, and assessed the relationship between contextual factors and vaccination (spatial error model, spatial lag model, and geographic weighted regression).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The proportion of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population that received at least two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine by the last week of June 2022 ranged from 62.9% to 97.5% across Local Government Areas. The proportion of the overall population who is Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander (β = 0.280, standard deviation [SD] = 1.92), proportion of the total labour force employed (β =0.286, SD = 0.98), and proportion of individuals who speak an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander language (β =0.215, SD = 0.15) had, on average, the strongest effects on COVID-19 vaccination rates.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Findings underscore the extent to which area-level demographic influence the COVID-19 vaccination for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Findings can inform vaccination strategies that prioritise geographic areas with higher vulnerability to promote equity for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000050/pdfft?md5=3729884b2cae9f5b21fc29340d96ffc0&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000050-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139726971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distress, waitlists and unmet needs: parents’ reports of child psychological difficulties in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Amy Kercher,&nbsp;Seona Beattie,,&nbsp;Liesje Donkin,&nbsp;Daniel Shepherd","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Demand for children’s mental health services has increased in New Zealand, yet little is known of young children’s experience of psychological difficulties and treatment. This study investigated psychological symptoms and treatment experiences among primary-aged children.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>An online survey of parents assessed children’s anxiety, depression, attentional, emotional, conduct and peer problems, and experiences seeking psychological treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Based on 382 parental reports, between 24.9 and 34.6% of children experienced abnormal-range symptoms. Older children had higher distress, depression, and anxiety. Boys had more conduct, hyperactivity, and peer problems. Ethnicity was not associated with the incidence of symptoms, but parents of Pākeha/European children reported greater impact than Māori parents. One-third of children had been referred for assessment; more often older children, and those with higher hyperactivity, impact, and anxiety. Parents reported difficulties accessing assessment, common barriers included waitlists (53%), cost (43%), and not knowing who to contact (36%). Following intervention, only 51% of parents reported improvements.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>NZ primary-aged children are experiencing more symptoms of psychological distress than previously reported and extensive difficulties accessing treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>There is a need for further screening and increased access to treatment to prevent worsening mental health outcomes in children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052974/pdfft?md5=fd63e361ed318ffb0d6a26821c905900&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052974-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139419221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the scalability of evidence-based healthy eating and physical activity interventions in early childhood education and care: A cross-sectional study of end-user perspectives","authors":"Alice Grady ,&nbsp;Jacklyn Jackson ,&nbsp;Luke Wolfenden ,&nbsp;Melanie Lum ,&nbsp;Andrew Milat ,&nbsp;Adrian Bauman ,&nbsp;Rebecca Hodder ,&nbsp;Sze Lin Yoong","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To describe early childhood education and care (ECEC) services: i) perceptions regarding the scalability of healthy eating and physical activity interventions; and ii) associations between scalability and service characteristics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a randomly selected sample of ECEC services across Australia. The scalability of 12 healthy eating and physical activity interventions was assessed using items based on the Intervention Scalability Assessment Tool. Higher scores represented higher perceived scalability.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From 453 participants, the highest scoring healthy eating and physical activity interventions were ‘providing healthy eating education and activities for children’ (M43.05) (out of 50) and ‘providing sufficient opportunities for child physical activity’ (M41.43). The lowest scoring was ‘providing families with lunchbox guidelines’ (M38.99) and ‘engaging families in activities to increase child physical activity’ (M38.36). Services located in rural areas, compared to urban areas, scored the overall scalability of both healthy eating and physical activity interventions significantly lower.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Perceptions regarding the scalability of healthy eating and physical activity interventions in the ECEC setting vary according to service characteristics.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Findings identify where government investment and implementation efforts may be prioritised to facilitate scale-up. An investigation into the barriers and support required for lower-scoring interventions is warranted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052998/pdfft?md5=db91bcb4757ae8ad12c5442e8cdc9b9e&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052998-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139399067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and implementation of Australian State, territory, and national policy on the health and wellbeing of adolescents and young adults: An exploration of policy actor perspectives using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research","authors":"Daniel Waller ,&nbsp;Melissa Kang ,&nbsp;Sally Gibson ,&nbsp;Fiona Brooks ,&nbsp;Sharon Medlow ,&nbsp;Katharine Steinbeck ,&nbsp;Lin Perry","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Government policies that support the health and wellbeing of young people (aged 10 to 25) can have important individual and societal impacts. The aim of this study was to explore policy actor perspectives on the development and implementation of Australian government policies focussed on the health and wellbeing of young people.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We utilised a qualitative research design consisting of semi-structured interviews with policy actors with experience working with Australian youth health policies. Our interview guide and analyses were informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). We interviewed 19 participants from various national, state, and territory bodies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Several specific barriers and facilitators to policy development and implementation were identified using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Key policy development barriers were limited available resources (e.g. staffing and funding) and low relative priority within health and political systems. Key policy implementation barriers were limited available resources, limited policy compatibility with health services, cosmopolitanism issues related to interagency collaboration, and a lack of policy evaluation. Meaningful engagement of young people could also be improved.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Although Australian youth health policies are perceived as evidence-based and comprehensively developed, the ability to promote implementation remains stalled.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>The development of policy implementation plans, monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, funding and resources, and a strong commitment to removing barriers to working across multiple departments and systems is required to improve outcomes for young people.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052895/pdfft?md5=89dea3d34825acc10436469ef8c74755&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052895-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139399068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High tobacco smoking rates in people with disability: An unaddressed public health issue","authors":"Tiana Vourliotis ,&nbsp;Laura Twyman ,&nbsp;Joshua Trigg ,&nbsp;Alicia Kate Fairweather ,&nbsp;George Disney ,&nbsp;Sharon Lawn ,&nbsp;Anne Kavanagh ,&nbsp;Billie Bonevski","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052871/pdfft?md5=be5c183e39c240a58b3cf33ab836f199&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052871-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139107732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential lateral and upstream consequences in the development and implementation of social prescribing in Australia","authors":"Candice Oster ,&nbsp;Svetlana Bogomolova","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020023052986/pdfft?md5=c8557646137cd7f9d42f40901c9589e9&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020023052986-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139085691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}