Chemical immunology and allergy最新文献_第3页

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1159/000371703

Ralf G Heine, Katrina J Allen

{"title":"Eosinophilic oesophagitis.","authors":"Ralf G Heine, Katrina J Allen","doi":"10.1159/000371703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000371703","url":null,"abstract":"Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is an antigen-driven pan-oesophagitis that is defined by the presence of at least 15 eosinophils per high power field on oesophageal histology in conjunction with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. EoE is closely associated with atopic disorders, in particular with food allergy, and as for other atopic diseases in childhood, there is a strong preponderance of male patients who have this disorder. The mechanisms leading to EoE have been characterised at the molecular level. Eotaxin-3, interleukin-5 and interleukin-13 are the key effector molecules in EoE pathogenesis. EoE presents with a diverse range of gastrointestinal symptoms, including regurgitation, vomiting, feeding difficulties or feeding refusal in infancy, as well as heartburn, dysphagia and food bolus impaction in older children and adults. The diagnosis may also be ascertained as an incidental finding in patients undergoing gastroscopy for other suspected conditions, including coeliac disease. EoE is different from gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and does not improve in response to proton pump inhibitors. Therefore, EoE needs to be distinguished from so-called PPI-responsive oesophageal eosinophilia. The long-term prognosis of EoE remains poorly defined, and complications mainly relate to subepithelial remodelling and fibrosis that may result in dysmotility, dysphagia and oesophageal strictures. The treatment of EoE involves elimination diets and topical swallowed aerosolised corticosteroids, while biological therapies targeting molecular mechanisms have so far been unsuccessful. In children, elemental diets have proved highly effective, but multiple food elimination diets are more sustainable in the long term. Further randomised, controlled trials on dietary or pharmacological interventions are needed to inform the optimal long-term management of EoE.","PeriodicalId":86023,"journal":{"name":"Chemical immunology and allergy","volume":"101 ","pages":"199-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000371703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33343885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Cow's milk allergy in children and adults. 儿童和成人对牛奶过敏。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1159/000375415

Alessandro Fiocchi, Lamia Dahdah, Marco Albarini, Alberto Martelli

引用次数: 24

Hen's Egg Allergy. 鸡蛋过敏。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1159/000375416

Atsuo Urisu, Y Kondo, I Tsuge

{"title":"Hen's Egg Allergy.","authors":"Atsuo Urisu, Y Kondo, I Tsuge","doi":"10.1159/000375416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000375416","url":null,"abstract":"Egg allergy is one of the most frequent food allergies in infants and young children. The prevalence of egg allergy is estimated to be between 1.8 and 2% in children younger than 5 years of age. The reactions are mainly mediated by IgE and partially by non-IgE or are a mix of both types. Egg white contains more than 20 different proteins and glycoproteins. Ovomucoid (Gal d 1), ovalbumin (Gal d 2), conalbumin (ovotransferrin) (Gal d 3) and lysozyme (Gal d 4) have been identified as major allergens in hen's egg. Alpha-livetin (Gal d 5) is thought to be a main egg yolk allergen responsible for bird-egg syndrome. The diagnosis of egg allergy is based on history taking, antigen-specific IgE measurements, such as the skin prick test, in vitro antigen-specific blood IgE tests and histamine release tests, and oral food challenges. The measurements of specific IgE to ovomucoid and its linear epitopes are more useful in the diagnosis of heated egg allergy and in the prediction of prognosis. Currently, the management of egg allergy is essentially minimal elimination based on the correct identification of the causative allergen. Although oral immunotherapy is promising as a tolerance induction protocol, several questions and concerns still remain, predominantly regarding safety.","PeriodicalId":86023,"journal":{"name":"Chemical immunology and allergy","volume":"101 ","pages":"124-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000375416","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33343921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 39

Food allergy in adolescence and adulthood. 青少年和成年期的食物过敏。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1159/000371669

Barbara K Ballmer-Weber

引用次数: 15

Hints for diagnosis. 诊断提示。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1159/000371674

Lars K Poulsen

引用次数: 2

Immunological basis of food allergy (IgE-mediated, non-IgE-mediated, and tolerance). 食物过敏的免疫学基础(ige介导、非ige介导和耐受性)。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1159/000371646

Edwin H Kim, Wesley Burks

引用次数: 10

Food allergens: molecular and immunological aspects, allergen databases and cross-reactivity. 食物过敏原:分子和免疫学方面，过敏原数据库和交叉反应性。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1159/000371647

Anne-Regine Lorenz, Stephan Scheurer, Stefan Vieths

{"title":"Food allergens: molecular and immunological aspects, allergen databases and cross-reactivity.","authors":"Anne-Regine Lorenz, Stephan Scheurer, Stefan Vieths","doi":"10.1159/000371647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000371647","url":null,"abstract":"The currently known food allergens are assigned to a relatively small number of protein families. Food allergens grouped into protein families share common functional and structural features that can be attributed to the allergenic potency and potential cross-reactivity of certain proteins. Molecular data, in terms of structural information, biochemical characteristics and clinical relevance for each known allergen, including isoforms and variants, are mainly compiled into four open-access databases. Allergens are designated according to defined criteria by the World Health Organization and the International Union of Immunological Societies Allergen Nomenclature Sub-committee. Food allergies are caused by primary sensitisation to the disease-eliciting food allergens (class I food allergen), or they can be elicited as a consequence of a primary sensitisation to inhalant allergens and subsequent IgE cross-reaction to homologous proteins in food (class II food allergens). Class I and class II allergens display different clinical significance in children and adults and are characterised by different molecular features. In line with this, high stability when exposed to gastrointestinal digestion and heat treatment is attributed to many class I food allergens that frequently induce severe reactions. The stability of a food allergen is determined by its molecular characteristics and can be influenced by structural (chemical) modifications due to thermal processing. Moreover, the immunogenicity and allergenicity of food allergens further depends on specific T cell and B cell epitopes. Although the T cell epitope pattern can be highly diverse for individual patients, several immuno-prominent T cell epitopes have been identified. Such conserved T cell epitopes and IgE cross-reactive B cell epitopes contribute to cross-reactivity between food allergens of the same family and to clinical cross-reactivity, similar to the birch pollen-food syndrome.","PeriodicalId":86023,"journal":{"name":"Chemical immunology and allergy","volume":"101 ","pages":"18-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000371647","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33223174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 34

Food allergy in childhood (infancy to school age). 儿童期(从婴儿期到学龄)食物过敏。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2015-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1159/000371666

Marcel M Bergmann, Philippe A Eigenmann

引用次数: 6

Farmers and their environment: protective influences of the farming environment against the development of allergies. 农民和他们的环境:农业环境对过敏发展的保护作用。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-05-22 DOI: 10.1159/000359961

Markus Gassner

引用次数: 2

History of allergy in antiquity. 古代过敏史。

Chemical immunology and allergy Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-05-22 DOI: 10.1159/000358422

Johannes Ring

引用次数: 10