Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research最新文献

{"title":"Effect of microoxygenation on acetaldehyde, yeast and colour before and after malolactic fermentation on Pinot Noir wine","authors":"Y. Yang,&nbsp;R.C. Deed,&nbsp;L.D. Araujo,&nbsp;A.L. Waterhouse,&nbsp;P.A. Kilmartin","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12512","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12512","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microoxygenation (MOX) is widely used in winemaking. Its impact, however, on Pinot Noir wines has not been well documented. We investigated the influence of MOX on colour parameters and on the anthocyanin and polymeric pigment concentration of a young Pinot Noir wine. The relationship between MOX, yeast growth and acetaldehyde production was also explored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microoxygenation was applied before or after malolactic fermentation (MLF), and at two oxygen doses [10.8 and 52.4 mg/(L ·month)], for 30 days. The end result was reported after dissolved oxygen was depleted and 90 mg/L was added. Microoxygenation induced a higher yeast growth and acetaldehyde production, where the latter was associated with both yeast metabolism and chemical oxidation. A larger loss in total anthocyanins and malvidin-3-glucoside occurred under MOX but absorbance at 520 nm and colour intensity were higher. With the higher oxygen dose, MOX promoted the formation of large polymeric pigments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acetaldehyde formation was strongly induced by MOX, contributing to reactions between anthocyanins and acetaldehyde forming pigments in the red spectrum. Between MOX treatments, only slight variation was found for each parameter, indicating a less important effect of the timing and dosage of MOX on the young Pinot Noir wine than anticipated from prior work.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Microoxygenation caused a significant impact on the colour development of light-coloured Pinot Noir wine, increasing the colour intensity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"50-60"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ajgw.12512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47742062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential response of the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites to leaf-to-fruit ratio and exogenous abscisic acid","authors":"L. Wang,&nbsp;E. Brouard,&nbsp;G. Hilbert,&nbsp;C. Renaud,&nbsp;J.-P. Petit,&nbsp;E. Edwards,&nbsp;A. Betts,&nbsp;S. Delrot,&nbsp;N. Ollat,&nbsp;S. Guillaumie,&nbsp;E. Gomès,&nbsp;Z. Dai","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12509","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12509","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Climate change is modifying grape berry composition and affecting wine quality and typicity. We evaluated the effects of leaf-to-fruit ratio and exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application on the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites in berries, in order to optimise climate change adaptation strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A range of leaf-to-fruit ratios (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12 leaves per bunch) and exogenous ABA (400 mg/L) applied to <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon fruiting-cuttings in a greenhouse prior to veraison were evaluated over six consecutive growing seasons (2013–2018). Reducing the leaf-to-fruit ratio decreased berry sugar and anthocyanin concentration, slightly increased total organic acids, and modified the composition of free amino acids. Exogenous ABA significantly enhanced sugar and anthocyanin concentration and partially restored the balance of sugar and anthocyanins under a low leaf-to-fruit ratio, without altering free amino acid concentration or sugar to acids ratios.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Combining manipulation of the leaf-to-fruit ratio with application of exogenous ABA offers a potential method to reduce berry sugar concentration, while maintaining anthocyanin concentration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study paves the way for possible adaptation strategies for viticulture to global climate change.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"27 4","pages":"527-539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajgw.12509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48697161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae autochthonous MQ3 strain on terpenes during the alcoholic fermentation of Chardonnay dry white wine","authors":"X. Zhu,&nbsp;X.S. Yang,&nbsp;Y.L. Mao,&nbsp;D.D. Zhao,&nbsp;Y.C. Li","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12510","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12510","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Terpenes are major varietal aroma compounds significantly contributing to wine quality and style. Autochthonous microbial starters can promote the formation and release of the terpenes and thus highlight the terroir typicality of wines. This study compared the physicochemical parameters, changes in the terpene concentration, β-D-glucosidase activity and sensory attributes of Chardonnay wines fermented individually by the <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> autochthonous MQ3 strain isolated from spontaneous fermented grape must and by three commercial <i>S. cerevisiae</i> strains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The evolution of terpenes during alcoholic fermentation was followed with ultrasound-assisted liquid–liquid extraction combined with GC. The physicochemical parameters of wine fermented by the MQ3 strain were significantly different from those of the wines fermented by other yeasts. The pattern of the terpenes detected, including linalool, α-terpineol, farnesol, geraniol, nerol and citronellol, varied during alcoholic fermentation. The MQ3 strain induced greater accumulation of terpenes with increased concentration of α-terpineol, geraniol and (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-farnesol. Besides, the MQ3 strain exhibited an enhanced ability to produce β-D-glucosidase compared to that of the other three strains. With the exception of α-terpineol and (<i>E</i>,<i>E</i>)-farnesol, there was no significant correlation between the concentration of the other terpenoids and β-D-glucosidase activity as shown by Pearson's correlation analysis. Wine produced with the MQ3 strain was characterised by a distinctive complex flavour with enhanced floral and fruity aromas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The autochthonous MQ3 strain had a positive effect on the varietal aroma and sensory quality of the wines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to its aroma enhancing ability, the MQ3 strain could be applied to produce quality Chardonnay wine with terroir typicality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"41-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ajgw.12510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42705568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double cropping in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot Noir: agronomical and physiological validation","authors":"S. Poni,&nbsp;F. Del Zozzo,&nbsp;S. Santelli,&nbsp;M. Gatti,&nbsp;E. Magnanini,&nbsp;P. Sabbatini,&nbsp;T. Frioni","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12507","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12507","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Environmental effects of global warming are leading to extended ripening seasons, which may either require or allow new vineyard management techniques. An innovative double-cropping technique is proposed for temperate climate areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The principle technique was to maintain the primary crop as well as to obtain a second, late ripening crop through release of dormancy of the auxiliary buds during the current season. Potted Pinot Noir vines were subjected to two forcing treatments over 2 years: trimming all the primary shoots at six nodes and removing any developing laterals at the end of the flowering and pea size stages. Vine growth, yield components and grape composition were monitored on both primary and forced shoots. In the second season, seasonal whole-vine gas exchange was evaluated in detail. Forced shoots carried 40–50% of the vine crop compared to primary shoots and fruit quality was greatly enhanced and higher TA was observed. Forcing treatments reached a similar net carbon dioxide exchange rate per vine compared to unforced Control about 2 weeks following auxiliary budburst. For the remainder of the season, forcing treatments maintained much higher net carbon dioxide exchange rate and water-use efficiency than unforced Control vines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Detailed agronomical and physiological evaluation for 2 years confirmed the reliability of the double-cropping technique without compromising the pruning point selection for the next cropping year.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Future field application may disclose that this forcing technique is able to warrant two crops potentially suited to different wine styles within a single season.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"27 4","pages":"508-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ajgw.12507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45929969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of applying shotgun metagenomic analyses to grapevine leaf, rhizosphere and soil microbiome characterisation","authors":"D. Azevedo-Silva,&nbsp;J.A. Rasmussen,&nbsp;M. Carneiro,&nbsp;M.T.P. Gilbert,&nbsp;H. Azevedo","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12508","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12508","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The characterisation of plant microbiomes using metabarcoding strategies is expected to be progressively replaced by shotgun metagenomic (SMg) approaches. In the present report we explore the potential of applying SMg to grapevine leaf, rhizosphere and soil samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our strategy involved combining a single method for column-based DNA extraction of multiple tissues, with sequencing using the BGISEQ short-read next-generation sequencing platform. This study details aspects of DNA isolation, library construction, sequencing and early bioinformatics treatment of read data, including the use of subsampling as a proxy for detection of sample microbial proportions. The combination of an innovative sequencing platform with recent mapping tools allowed for the characterisation of the microbiome associated with the grapevine leaf, rhizosphere and adjacent soil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We coupled a robust single extraction/library preparation protocol suitable for contrasting samples, with cost-effective BGISEQ short-read next-generation sequencing technology, to generate a landscape of grapevine-associated microbial diversity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Shotgun metagenomics is emerging as a state-of-the-art approach to grapevine microbiome characterisation. The present report provides a detailed and technical roadmap targeting multiple aspects of this important approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"27 4","pages":"519-526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ajgw.12508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47093445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil water availability during spring modulates canopy growth and impacts the chemical and sensory composition of Shiraz fruit and wine","authors":"M. Bonada,&nbsp;A.A. Catania,&nbsp;J.M. Gambetta,&nbsp;P.R. Petrie","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12506","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12506","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Reduced rainfall during vine dormancy and supplementary irrigation during winter or at spring impact on vine growth partitioning. We assess the implications that induced changes on canopy growth due to soil moisture availability in spring have on fruit and wine composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Irrigation strategies were assessed in a vineyard where winter rainfall was excluded and irrigation was applied during winter or at spring during three seasons. Reduced soil moisture in spring increased canopy porosity from flowering and increased the concentration of phenolic substances in the fruit and wine. Colour, aroma intensity and fruit attributes typical of Barossa Shiraz wines were enhanced under more open canopies. When soil moisture was restored in spring by natural rainfall or by supplementary irrigation, vines developed denser canopies and phenolic substances were reduced in the fruit and wines. Irrigation at spring following a dry winter altered wine style and was associated with some negative attributes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Smaller canopies due to reduced water availability at spring improved fruit and wine composition at the expense of yield. Irrigation in spring following a dry winter promoted canopy growth over yield, and impacted negatively on fruit and wine composition.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results stress the importance that soil water availability in spring has on defining wine style, and establishes a framework for the adoption of irrigation strategies that may maintain regional style in a context of a changing climate. These responses can be expected in regions with a Mediterranean climate experiencing a reduction in winter rainfall.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"27 4","pages":"491-507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ajgw.12506","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42229645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro biological indexing of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 in red- and white-berried grapevines (Vitis vinifera)","authors":"X.-Y. Hao,&nbsp;B.-L. Jiao,&nbsp;M.-R. Wang,&nbsp;Y.-L. Wang,&nbsp;B.-X. Shang,&nbsp;J.-Y. Wang,&nbsp;Q.-C. Wang,&nbsp;Y. Xu","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12505","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12505","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Virus detection is essential in programs in which virus-tested plants are required. The aim of this study was to establish in vitro biological methods for indexing grapevine leafroll-associated virus-3 (GLRaV-3) in red- and white-berried grapevines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Healthy, red-berried grapevine Cabernet Sauvignon [CaSa (H)] was used as a rootstock in micrografting experiments with virus-infected Cabernet Sauvignon [CaSa (VI)] and Chardonnay [Ch (VI)] scions. Vascular bundles connecting the rootstock and scions developed, and 100% of the micrografts survived 3 and 4 weeks after micrografting, respectively. Symptoms of GLRaV-3 were expressed in 80 and 20% of CaSa (H) rootstocks micrografted with CaSa (VI) and with Ch (VI) scions, respectively, 12 weeks after micrografting. The rootstock CaSa (H) that had been micrografted with CaSa (VI) and Ch (VI) scions for 5 weeks was subsequently cultured on half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 75 mmol/L NaCl to induce salt stress. The GLRaV-3 symptoms were expressed in 88% of micrografts CaSa (VI)/CaSa (H) and 85% of micrografts Ch (VI)/CaSa (H) after 5 weeks of salt stress. Reddish-purple leaf coloration and downward rolling were observed in CaSa (H) rootstocks that were micrografted with CaSa (VI) scions, while leaf downward rolling and yellowing were seen in CaSa (H) rootstocks that were micrografted with Ch (VI) scions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Salt stress improved in vitro biological indexing of GLRaV-3 in grapevines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Establishment of in vitro micrografting and salt stress provided alternative methods for indexing of GLRaV-3 in red- and white-berried grapevines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"27 4","pages":"483-490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ajgw.12505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44688181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethephon-induced leaf senescence increases the concentration of yeast-assimilable nitrogen in grape must (Vitis vinifera cv. Riesling)","authors":"M. Hendgen,&nbsp;S. Schubert,&nbsp;O. Löhnertz","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12500","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12500","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leaf senescence induces a massive shift of the nitrogen (N) allocation within plants, but its influence on the storage of yeast-assimilable N (YAN) in grapevine berries is unclear. The aim of this work was to investigate whether the YAN concentration in grape must can be increased by a targeted induction of leaf senescence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leaf senescence was induced in two consecutive seasons by an ethephon treatment of grapevines (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> cv. Riesling) before harvest, and its effect on the amino acid and ammonium balance of berries and must, as well as on alcoholic fermentation performance was investigated. The ethephon-induced senescence caused a significant increase in YAN concentration in berries and must, based on a general increase in most amino acids. Compared to natural senescence, the ethephon treatment led to a lower proline : arginine ratio, a lower sugar concentration in the must and a lower grape yield.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ethephon-induced leaf senescence enhances the nutritional value of grapes and improves the fermentability of grape must.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results enable wine producers to improve the nitrogen use efficiency of vines and to ensure a balanced N nutrition of the yeast.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"27 4","pages":"472-482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ajgw.12500","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47632742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatilome of white wines as an indicator of authenticity and adulteration control using statistical analysis","authors":"I.K. Karabagias,&nbsp;V.K. Karabagias,&nbsp;A.V. Badeka","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12486","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12486","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wine is one of the oldest alcoholic beverages consumed by humans and its price is related to the product and quality status. The aim of this study was to investigate whether specific volatile compounds could be used as indicators of authenticity and adulteration with water.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eight dry and demi-sec white wines of Protected Designation of Origin or Protected Geographical Indication status were subjected to analysis of volatile compounds (volatilome) using headspace solid phase micro-extraction coupled to GC/MS; the results of the volatile compound analysis were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis. The volatile compounds of Assyrtiko wine with 2.5, 5, 7 and 10% water added were also assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ethanol, ethyl acetate, hexanol, ethyl hexanoate, diethyl succinate, <span>dl</span>-limonene, α-terpinolene, nerol oxide, vitispirane, and ethyl decanoate, among others, could be used as indicators of either grape cultivar, geographical origin, or adulteration with water.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A rapid method using the volatilome for the authentication and adulteration control of Greek wines is presented for the first time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"269-279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ajgw.12486","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48135957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of stable quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for sweetness and acidity in tablegrape using a highly saturated single-nucleotide polymorphism-based linkage map","authors":"M. Mamani,&nbsp;M.E. LÓpez,&nbsp;J. Correa,&nbsp;G. Ravest,&nbsp;P. Hinrichsen","doi":"10.1111/ajgw.12497","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ajgw.12497","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Identifying the genes that participate in the sweetness and acidity of the berry is key, because these traits are quintessential to the flavour and quality of fresh grapes and wine. In this study we focused on the identification of genomic regions that host genes associated with sweetness and acidity in tablegrapes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A highly saturated genetic map was prepared using a Ruby Seedless × Sultanina cross (RxS; <i>n</i> = 138) genotyped using an SNPlex-type platform, and quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were mapped. In the integrated map of this population, 1731 markers were distributed along the 19 linkage groups (LGs) of the species. Three significant QTLs, two in LG5 and one in LG8, were associated with fructose/glucose ratio, TA and tartaric acid concentration; these QTLs explained up to 20% of the phenotypic variance for these traits. Eight candidate genes located within the confidence intervals of the sugar and TA QTLs were chosen and their expression profiles analysed from flowering to berry ripening. A Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) analysis revealed the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the same regions as QTLs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantitative trait loci significant for sugar and acidity were identified on a tablegrape high-quality genetic map; furthermore, an association between acidity or sugar concentration and expression changes for candidate genes was also observed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Significance of the Study</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings could become the basis to develop selection tools for the breeding of these traits in tablegrape.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8582,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research","volume":"27 3","pages":"308-324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/ajgw.12497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47678011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}