Australian Journal of Crop Science最新文献_第8页

Contribution of nitrogen on industrial quality of oat grain components and the dynamics of relations with yield 氮素对燕麦籽粒组分工业品质的贡献及其与产量的动态关系

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2592

R. D. Mantai, J. G. D. Silva, I. Carvalho, F. Lautenchleger, R. Carbonera, L. A. Rasia, A. R. Kraisig, V. Pansera, O. Alessi, J. A. D. Rosa, Eduarda Warmbier, N. Basso, E. Matter

{"title":"Contribution of nitrogen on industrial quality of oat grain components and the dynamics of relations with yield","authors":"R. D. Mantai, J. G. D. Silva, I. Carvalho, F. Lautenchleger, R. Carbonera, L. A. Rasia, A. R. Kraisig, V. Pansera, O. Alessi, J. A. D. Rosa, Eduarda Warmbier, N. Basso, E. Matter","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2592","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the magnitude of contribution and relationships of industrial quality components to yield by nitrogen stimulation can drive strategies with benefits to the food industry. The objective of this study is to measure and interpret the contribution and relationship dynamics of the components of oat industrial quality with grain and industry yield by nitrogen stimulation, partitioning the correlation values in direct and indirect effects by path diagnosis, in proposing strategies that promote benefits to the food industry. The study was conducted from 2011 to 2016, in a randomized block design with four replications in 4x2 factorial for nitrogen rates (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha -1 ) and oat cultivars (Barbarasul and Brisasul) in separate environments soybean/oat and corn/oat succession system. The increase of nitrogen promoted greater change in the mass of caryopsis in soybean/oat system and the thousand grain mass and number of grains greater than 2 mm in corn/oat system, with a tendency of reduction. In soybean/oat system, grain and industry yields can be simultaneously incremented by direct increase via one thousand grain mass and indirect increase by caryopsis mass. In corn/oat system the grain yield does not show any relationship with industrial quality variables. However, the industral productivity is benefited by the increase of the number of grains larger than 2 mm. The management proposition in the improvement of the grain and industry productivity characteristics by nitrogen is dependent on the high succession and reduced N-residual release systems.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"62 1 1","pages":"334-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79773731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Importance of brassinosteroids in activating the antioxidant system and growth in Jatropha curcas L. plants under water deficit 油菜素内酯在缺水条件下激活麻疯树抗氧化系统和植物生长中的重要性

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2730

D. B. Oliveira, C. L. Amaro, Liana Verônica Amaro, L. P. Borges, V. A. Amorim, F. S. Matos

{"title":"Importance of brassinosteroids in activating the antioxidant system and growth in Jatropha curcas L. plants under water deficit","authors":"D. B. Oliveira, C. L. Amaro, Liana Verônica Amaro, L. P. Borges, V. A. Amorim, F. S. Matos","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2730","url":null,"abstract":"Climatic changes and drought reduced plant growth and development. Brassinosteroids act in maintaining turgor and plant growth, increasing tolerance to water stress. The objective of the present study was to identify the effect of brassinosteroids in reducing stresses caused by water deficit in Jatropha curcas L. plants. The study was carried out in a greenhouse at the State University of Goiás, in a completely randomized block design in a factorial 2 × 5 arrangement (plants submitted to five brassinosteroids concentrations (0, 2, 4, 8, 16 mg L -1 ) and two levels of daily water supply (50% and 100% evapotranspiration) six replications and the plot consisted of one useful plant. A 10 mL volume of the hormone was applied 30 days after emergence and 20 mL at 60 days after emergence, totaling 30 ml. The water deficit was imposed at 70 days after emergence and the evaluations were made at 100 d after emergence. Under water deficit, production increased of reactive substances that damage membranes and proteins, but brassinosteroids played an important role in mitigating the deleterious effects of water deficit on J. curcas plants by acting as an elicitor in activating photoprotection mechanisms that increased vegetative growth and maintained membrane integrity. The antioxidant and growth machinery activation reached maximum points at the 8 mg L -1 brassinosteroids concentration and even higher concentrations.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"30 1","pages":"369-376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79329400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decomposed babassu biomass residue enhances the initial development of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) 巴巴苏生物质残渣的分解促进了木薯的初始发育

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2904

H. A. F. Andrade, R. R. S. D. S. Matos, N. Machado, Analya Roberta Fernandes Oliveira, Valdryckson Costa Garreto, Marcos Renan Lima Leite, S. Pontes, Alineaurea Florentino Silva, Francisca Gislene Albano Machado, P. Lopes

{"title":"Decomposed babassu biomass residue enhances the initial development of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)","authors":"H. A. F. Andrade, R. R. S. D. S. Matos, N. Machado, Analya Roberta Fernandes Oliveira, Valdryckson Costa Garreto, Marcos Renan Lima Leite, S. Pontes, Alineaurea Florentino Silva, Francisca Gislene Albano Machado, P. Lopes","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2904","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava is a tuber of significant cultural and economic importance for family farming. However, cultivation in the northeastern region of Brazil is characterized by low productivity, resulting from cultivation in naturally marginal soil, which can cause food insecurity to farmers in the region. The objective was to evaluate the initial development of cassava using substrates derived from decomposed residue from babassu biomass, as a supplement to the soils with low natural fertility. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse in the municipality of Chapadinha, state of Maranhão, Brazil. The treatments consisted of six inclusion levels of babassu biomass (BB) in the substrates: S0, 100% soil; S20, 20% BB + 80% soil; S40, 40% BB + 60% soil; S60, 60% BB + 40% soil; S80, 80% BB + 20% soil; and S100, 100% BB. The treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design, with four replications. The soil used in the experiment is classified as dystrophic Yellow Oxisol. At the end of the experiment, the following were evaluated: percentage of cuttings survival, leaf area, shoot length, shoot diameter, root length, root volume, aerial part dry mass and root dry mass. With the exception of the sprout diameter, the inclusion of BB in the substrates provided a significant positive effect for all analyzed variables, which demonstrates the early response capacity of cassava seedlings to the use of organic waste associated with the soil low fertility. The use of babassu biomass as an organic fertil izer improves soil fertility, stimulating the growth and development of cassava seedlings in a sustainable production system.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"16 1","pages":"409-415"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75387203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal degradation kinetics and physicochemical analysis of the freeze-dried hibiscus flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa) 冻干芙蓉花提取物的热降解动力学及理化分析

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2503

A. C. Araújo, F. S. D. Santos, M. Costa, Karoline Thays Andrade Araújo, J. P. Gomes, W. P. Silva, A. J. M. Queiroz, G. S. Lima, L. A. A. Soares, Â. Santiago

{"title":"Thermal degradation kinetics and physicochemical analysis of the freeze-dried hibiscus flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa)","authors":"A. C. Araújo, F. S. D. Santos, M. Costa, Karoline Thays Andrade Araújo, J. P. Gomes, W. P. Silva, A. J. M. Queiroz, G. S. Lima, L. A. A. Soares, Â. Santiago","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2503","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this research was to evaluate the kinetics of thermal degradation of the hibiscus extracts powder at different temperatures and to characterize physicochemically the freeze-dried aqueous extract of the hibiscus flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa) with different concentrations of maltodextrin (0, 5, 10 and 15%). The analyzed parameters were: water content, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, ash, solubility, hygroscopicity, bulk and tapped density, the flowability (Carr index) and cohesiveness (Hausner ratio), lightness (L*) and intensity of red (a*) and yellow (b*). The degradation kinetics was analyzed by the determination of bioactive compounds of flavonoids, anthocyanins and color appearance parameters (lightness, intensity of red and yellow, chroma and hue angle). The increase in maltodextrin concentration resulted in increases of solubility, soluble solids content, pH and color appearance parameters; as the parameters of bulk and tapped density, hygroscopicity, water content, ash and acidity presented decreases as the proportion of additive increased, showing good flowability and low to medium cohesion. Regarding the degradation kinetics, the maltodextrin was effective in the preservation of anthocyanins and flavonoids of the freeze-dried hibiscus flower up to the temperature of 50 °C. Therefore, this work resulted in the preparation of a product derived from the freeze-drying process with and without additives and with preserved sensory attributes of high quality.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"20 1","pages":"325-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86910209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cordia americana: Evaluation of in vitro anti-herpes simplex virus activity and in vivo toxicity of leaf extracts 美洲山茱萸叶提取物体外抗单纯疱疹病毒活性及体内毒性的评价

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2729

G. M. Costa, G. Panizzon, T. Z. Oliveira, M. Costa, J. Mello, C. Nakamura, E. N. Kaneshima, B. P. Filho, T. U. Nakamura

{"title":"Cordia americana: Evaluation of in vitro anti-herpes simplex virus activity and in vivo toxicity of leaf extracts","authors":"G. M. Costa, G. Panizzon, T. Z. Oliveira, M. Costa, J. Mello, C. Nakamura, E. N. Kaneshima, B. P. Filho, T. U. Nakamura","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2729","url":null,"abstract":"Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 and type 2 are responsible for causing infections whose symptoms can vary from subclinical to severe manifestations. Cordia americana is a plant used by traditional communities for the treatment of wounds and diarrhoea, as well as infections like flu and syphilis. Scientific evidence has shown that, among other biological activities, the plant possesses antiviral properties; however, the evaluation of the in vivo toxicity of preparations of this plant is still lacking. This study assessed the in vitro anti-HSV-1 and anti-HSV-2 activity of a crude extract (CE) obtained from the leaves of C. americana, as well as its aqueous (FAq) and ethyl-acetate fractions (FAc). In addition, the in vivo toxicity of the FAq was assessed. The sulforhodamine B method was performed to determine the antiviral activity and the in vivo toxicity was evaluated according to Brazilian federal regulations. The CE, FAq, and FAc demonstrated antiviral activity against HSV-1 in vitro, presenting EC50 values of 7.0±1.4, 1.5±0.35, and 7.5±3.8, respectively. The FAq also had activity against HSV-2 with an EC50 of 11.8±1.02. The toxicological study of FAq in animals showed that it had very low toxicity. No death occurred during acute or subchronic experiments, where up to 5000 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg FAq were tested respectively; and there were no signs of toxicity in the subchronic test. The results of this study, in conjunction with further studies, pave the way for a potential topical treatment for skin and mucosal diseases, such as HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"7 1","pages":"362-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85449597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Influence of application of nitrogen doses on the post-harvest quality of cucumber 施氮量对黄瓜采后品质的影响

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2600

A. C. Pereira, Danielle Godinho de Araújo Perfeito, Gabriel Pereira de Souza, N. Arruda, C. G. S. Benett, Luciana Sabini da Silva

{"title":"Influence of application of nitrogen doses on the post-harvest quality of cucumber","authors":"A. C. Pereira, Danielle Godinho de Araújo Perfeito, Gabriel Pereira de Souza, N. Arruda, C. G. S. Benett, Luciana Sabini da Silva","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2600","url":null,"abstract":"The conditions of cultivation and the management of fertilization influence the productivity and the post-harvest quality of cucumbers in an expressive way. In this sense, the aim of this study is to evaluate the physical, chemical and sensorial post-harvest quality of cucumbers for canning purposes submitted to different doses of nitrogen fertilization. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Goiano Federal Institute (IF Goiano), campus Urutaí and After harvest, the material was sent to the food technology laboratory located in the campus. The soil of the area is classified as Red Latosol according he cucumber cultivar used was the Cucumis sativus L. Kybria F1 hybrid, most suitable for the processing of canned foods. The experimental design was randomized blocks and five treatments (nitrogen doses 0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha -1 ), and four replications. The physical parameters fruit length and diameter, fruit fresh matter, production per plant, titratable acidity (TA), pH, soluble solids (SS), moisture, ash content, and SS/TA ratio were evaluated. A sensory analysis was performed using acceptance and orderingpreference tests, in addition to an instrumental evaluation of texture. The application of different doses of nitrogen to cucumber in a protected environment influenced the production per plant and the physical-chemical characteristics of the fruits. However, the sensory quality was not affected. The doses 100 and 150 kg ha -1 of nitrogen is recommended for the production of canned cucumber.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"343-347"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77275763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growth and production of conilon coffee under fertilization of nitrogen and molybdenum (Mo) 氮钼施肥条件下conilon咖啡的生长与生产

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3130

Thiago Lopes Rosado, M. Freitas, A. D. Carvalho, H. Vieira, G. H. Vieira, Kariny Nieiro Scopel, Matheus Margon Lopes Rosado

{"title":"Growth and production of conilon coffee under fertilization of nitrogen and molybdenum (Mo)","authors":"Thiago Lopes Rosado, M. Freitas, A. D. Carvalho, H. Vieira, G. H. Vieira, Kariny Nieiro Scopel, Matheus Margon Lopes Rosado","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3130","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen is the most applied nutrient in Coffea canephora crops, due to the high requirement of the crop and low availability in most soils. The efficiency of nitrogen fertilization can be maximized by applying molybdenum, due to the role of molybdenum in the nitrate’s metabolism. This study was conducted during two coffee production cycles under field conditions. It aimed to evaluate the effects of applying molybdenum on the growth and production of conilon coffee, subjected to different amounts of nitrogen. The experiment was conducted from June 2018 to May 2020. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, the first factor being the absence and presence of molybdenum fertilization (4 kg ha -1 year -1 ) and the second factor, nitrogen doses (300, 500, 700, 900 and 1,100 kg ha -1 year -1 ) applied in five plots, during fruit development. We evaluated the conilon growth variables in each agricultural year, in addition to the yield of processed coffee and grain yield. The length of plagiotropic branches, number of nodes per side branch, number of rosettes and fruits per productive branch were closely related to the coffee yield and were influenced by the nitrogen fertilization. Increasing doses of nitrogen promoted quadratic increases in coffee yield, with addition of 35.3% and 88.9% for the 2019 and 2020 harvests, respectively, indicating that maximum coffee productivity is genetically defined and affected by environment conditions and management. For the harvest 2020, the application of molybdenum resulted in an increase in the length of the orthotropic stem and plagiotropic branches, in addition to providing increase of 3.7% in the yield of C. canephora. This suggested that there was a reduction in micronutrient availability in the soil, throughout the experimental period, limiting the growth and production of coffee in the second year.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"455-463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75006720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selection of F3 populations of Capsicum annuum for greenhouse production 大棚生产辣椒F3居群的选择

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3046

Laura Raquel Luna García, V. Torres, F. Godina, R. Villarreal, Miguel Ángel Pérez Rodríguez

{"title":"Selection of F3 populations of Capsicum annuum for greenhouse production","authors":"Laura Raquel Luna García, V. Torres, F. Godina, R. Villarreal, Miguel Ángel Pérez Rodríguez","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3046","url":null,"abstract":"Capsicum annuum is one of the most important plant species in the world. México has the greatest diversity for this plant. However, its production is limited due to the scarcity of improved varieties for greenhouse production. Therefore, the development of high-yield varieties would be possible through the genetic recombination of native varieties (Creole populations) and superior cultivars. Therefore, the purpose of this research work was to assess and select outstanding F3 populations for greenhouse production. The work was carried out in a greenhouse at Saltillo, Coahuila Mexico in 2018, involving 8 parents, in which 3 varieties were used as female (pollen-receptor plants), 5 varieties as males (pollen-donor plants) and 9 F3 populations derived by selfing from 9 F2 populations. The parents and F3 populations composed 17 treatments that were established in a greenhouse under a randomized block design with three replications. The variables were total fruit yield, average fruit weight, total number of fruits per plant, ascorbic acid content, total capsicinoids, days to flowering, days to harvest, final plant height, and basal stem diameter. Significant differences were found in all variables of F3 populations. The highest RTF (total fruit weight) belonged to P1,4 and P1,6, with1647.0 and 1652.0 g/plant, respectively. In terms of CAA (ascorbic acid content), population P2,4, was significantly superior to the rest of the genotypes and exceeded the best parent by 19.8%. We concluded that populations P1,4, P1,6 and P2,4 may be uased to develop cultivars with high yield and high quality for greenhouse production.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"438-444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79304148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of Gynura procumbens in response to shade levels and rates of nitrogen fertilizer 草甘膦植物化学含量和抗氧化活性对遮荫水平和施氮量的响应

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3061

O. A. Ahmed, M. M. Yusoff, A. Misran, P. E. M. Wahab, H. Zentou

{"title":"Phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of Gynura procumbens in response to shade levels and rates of nitrogen fertilizer","authors":"O. A. Ahmed, M. M. Yusoff, A. Misran, P. E. M. Wahab, H. Zentou","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P3061","url":null,"abstract":"Gynura procumbens is one of the most common medicinal plants with extensive pharmacological properties. Light intensity and nitrogenous fertilisers are two main limiting factors in primary and secondary metabolism in plants. Information on the effects of shade levels and nitrogenous fertiliser rates on phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of G. procumbens is much scarce. This justifies an in-depth study to determine the effects of phytochemical content and antioxidant activity. This study was conducted with four levels of shade (0, 30, 50, and 70%) and four nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg N ha -1 ). Data measurements were performed on protein content, C:N ratio, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP) and flavonoid acids. The results showed that decreases in total phenol, flavonoid contents, C:N ratio and antioxidant activity were recorded with increasing shade levels and nitrogen rates. Protein content was increased with increases in shade levels and nitrogen fertilizer supplement. The highest flavonoid acids contents were observed from higher light intensity (no shade) and no nitrogen application. Enhancement in production of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity were associated with high C:N ratio and low protein contents. The study demonstrated that high light intensity (0% shade) with a low N fertilizer rate (0 kg N ha −1 ) was suitable for both phenolic compounds and antioxidants activity. The present study suggested that G. procumbens can achieve higher production of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity under low nitrogen availability and open field conditions.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"97 1","pages":"445-454"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85895852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Development of an efficient regeneration system for mature bombarded calli of Moroccan durum wheat varieties 摩洛哥硬粒小麦品种成熟轰击愈伤组织高效再生体系的建立

Australian Journal of Crop Science Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2976

Senhaji Chaimae, Ahansal Khadija, Abdelwahed Rabha, Diria Ghizlane, Gaboun Fatima, Udupa Sripada Mahabala, Douira Allal, Iraqi Driss

{"title":"Development of an efficient regeneration system for mature bombarded calli of Moroccan durum wheat varieties","authors":"Senhaji Chaimae, Ahansal Khadija, Abdelwahed Rabha, Diria Ghizlane, Gaboun Fatima, Udupa Sripada Mahabala, Douira Allal, Iraqi Driss","doi":"10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/AJCS.21.15.03.P2976","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effects of various environmental and genetic factors on callus induction and plant regeneration of bombarded calli from mature embryos of durum wheat using the biolistic method. In this study, three Moroccan durum wheat varieties ('Isly', 'Amria', 'Marouane') were cultivated on two induction media (IM1 and IM2) with different nitrogen sources and contents. After that, each variety cultured on both induction media was transferred in to two regeneration media (RM1 and RM2) with different phytohormones, whereas each variety distributed through four combinations of treatments: IM1RM1, IM1RM2, IM2RM1, and IM2RM2. A completely randomized design with five replications per treatment for each genotype was used. Parameters considered in this study were phytohormones, nitrogen source and its content, plant variety, and their interactions. The study found that variety, medium and variety × medium interactions have a statistically significant effect on callus induction and plantlets regeneration. Prior to bombardment, the maximum percentage of callus induction was obtained under IM1. Conversely, the callus survival rate was not affected by the induction media once bombarded for all three varieties. The induction media had a significant effect on all regeneration parameters (p < 0.01). The variety ‘Isly’ showed the best regeneration efficiency after bombardment, with nearly 80% of plantlets regenerated under IM1 and RM2 combination. These media can be used for genetic transformation of durum wheat.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":"195 1","pages":"431-437"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83771365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0