Australian Journal of Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Accelerated aging test for coffee seeds requires higher temperature","authors":"Marcos Vinícios de Carvalho, Palloma Indiara Caproni Moraes, Stefânia Vilas Boas Coelho, Madeleine Alves de Figueiredo, Ana Luiza Oliveira Vilela, Ana Cristina de Souza, Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da Rosa","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3696","url":null,"abstract":"The vigor tests are important tools used in the internal quality control by the seed companies. The accelerated aging test is a sensitive method for assessing the vigor of seed lots, as well as for estimating their storage potential. However, for coffee seeds there is little information about its use and efficiency.The objective of this study was to investigate methods of the accelerated aging test suitable for Coffea arabica L. seeds. Two studies were carried out. In the first, different temperatures (42°C, 44°C, and 46°C) and exposure times (0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, and 192 h) were investigated for the accelerated aging test. In the second, the best combinations of temperatures and exposure times were tested on coffee seeds from five different cultivars at temperatures of 44 and 46 ºC at times of 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of incubation. After each aging period, the water content of the seeds was determined, and physiological quality was evaluated by the germination test. The temperature of 42°C leads to slow deterioration of the seeds and is not recommended for evaluation of Coffea arabica L. seed vigor at the exposure times from 24 to 192 h tested here. The accelerated aging test, carried out at a temperature of 44ºC for 72 hours or at 46ºC for 48 hours, allows the Coffea arabica seed lots to be separated into different vigor levels","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135144476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrate contamination of different organic and non-organic vegetable varieties: A case study in Morocco","authors":"Youssef El Baroudi, Chadia Ouazzani, Azzeddine Er- Ramly, Abdellah Moustaghfir, Issam Essebbahi, Abdallah Dami, Lhoussine Balouch","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3890","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrates are chemical substances naturally present in the environment (plants, soil, water) and are involved in the natural nitrogen cycle. They represent the most stable oxidation state and are essential nutrients for plant growth. The exposure and ingestion of nitrates by the population are mainly through the consumption of vegetables and occasionally through water intake. The objective of this study is to determine the nitrate content of various varieties of vegetables from industrial agriculture consumed by the population in three cities in northern Morocco's Rabat-Salé-Kenitra region, as well as to demonstrate the health risk of consuming a high concentration of nitrate. The results determine the nitrate content of 77 vegetable samples harvested in Morocco’s Rabat-Salé-Kenitra region. The results showed that nitrate concentrations in vegetables varied depending on different areas in the city and whether the sample was organic or non-organic. The results of our study vary from 31.4 mg/kg (red onion) to 7860 mg/kg (beetroot) in the different vegetable varieties studied. It is recommended that this level be monitored on a regular basis and that the population be made aware of the recommended daily consumption of nitrates (0.84 mg-N/kg/d or 3.7 mg NO3-/kg/d) in the region to prevent excessive exposure to these potentially toxic compounds. In addition, it is advised to promote sustainable agriculture techniques aimed at lowering overall nitrate levels in the food supply and boosting the health and sustainability of the area's food system","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135144475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biometric characterization, post-seminal development and overcoming seed dormancy of Albizia polycephala (Benth.) Killip ex Record","authors":"Ivanildo Claudino da Silva, Luan Danilo Ferreira de Andrade Melo, João Luciano de Andrade Melo Junior, Reinaldo de Alencar Paes, Jaqueline Figueredo de Oliveira Costa, Vanuze Costa de Oliveira, Adriana Guimarães Duarte, Natália Marinho Silva Crisóstomo, Roger Henrique Santos Aureliano, José Antonio Costa Silva, Larisse Araújo de Abreu","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3884","url":null,"abstract":"Albizia polycephala (Benth) Killip, popularly known as angico-branco, belongs to the Fabaceae - Mimosoideae family, is a pioneer species used for environmental restoration, ornamentation and urban afforestation. Biometric characterization is an important tool to provide information on the type of germination, in addition to describing the morphology of the seed, it stimulates studies inherent to taxonomy, ecology and seed technology. For the production of seedlings, the most used form of propagation of this species is through seeds. Therefore, with the establishment of protocols to overcome dormancy of forest species, the producer will be able to choose the most efficient method and also the one that best adapts to his reality, both commercial and technological, providing an increase in the number of species destined to compose the models for the recovery of degraded areas to be implemented. Based on this, the objective of this work was to carry out the biometric characterization of the seeds, describe the post-seminal stages and verify the best way to promote the germination of A. polycephala using pre-germination treatments to overcome dormancy. The work was carried out at the Laboratory of Phytotechnics of the Campus of Engineering and Agricultural Sciences (CECA) of the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL). The differentiation and development of A. polycephala seedlings was measured. In the dormancy breaking trial, the following treatments were used: i) control (intact seeds); (ii) chemical scarification by immersing the seeds in sulfuric acid for 5 min, followed by washing in running water; iii) cut (cut) on the side opposite the micropyle; iv) immersion in hot water (80°C) and cooling for 24 h; v) immersion in distilled water (room temperature) for 24 h; and vi) immersion in distilled water (room temperature) for 48 h. The seeds were incubated in a germination chamber at a constant temperature of 30°C. The design used was completely randomized, with 4 replications of 25 seeds per treatment, and the means were compared by Tukey's test at 5% probability. At the time of installation of the experiment, the seeds had a water content of 12.4%, with an average of 10.3 mm in length, 7.42 mm in width and 2.46 mm in thickness. Germination is epigeous and seedlings are phanerocotyledon. The physical rupture of the seed coat from the bud treatment contributed to the increase in permeability to water and gases, thus benefiting the germination process. Thus, topping can be recommended to overcome A. polycephala seed dormancy.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135144480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green manure, a sustainable strategy to improve soil quality: a case study in an oxisol from northern Brazil","authors":"Marcelo Laranjeira Pimentel, Iolanda Maria Soares Reis, Maria Lita Padinha Corrêa Romano, Jailson Sousa de Castro, Carlos Ivan Aguilar Vildoso, Eloi Gasparin, Eliandra Freitas de Sia, Leandro Silva de Sousa","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3832","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an easy to manage crop with good tolerance to drought and low-fertility soils. Although chemical fertilization is known to improve cassava yield, little is known about the potential of legume green manures to enhance soil chemical properties and consequently increase crop production. Here we analyze how different legume green manures affect cassava root growth and soil quality in an oxisol from northern Brazil. In this field study, we evaluated the effect of four green manure treatments (no fertilization, Crotalaria, jack bean, and cowpea) on soil exchangeable cation contents, pH H2O, pH KCl, ΔpH, exchangeable aluminum, sum of bases (SB), cation-exchange capacity (CEC), soil organic carbon (SOC), plant diameter, plant height, and root yield. Cowpea treatment was the most effective in increasing exchangeable cations, CEC, SB, and root yield, whereas jack bean treatment increased acid cations and SOC. A hierarchy of exchangeable cations was observed, Ca2+>Mg2+>K+, a result likely associated with nutrient absorption by cassava plants. Plant diameter had a positive linear correlation with root yield. Overall, our results indicate that green fertilization positively influences SOC, minimizing the depletion of exchangeable cations and thereby preventing yield losses. Cowpea treatment, however, acted more broadly on the variables studied","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135144477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agronomic performance of the super-early common bean cultivar BRS FC104 in response to co-inoculation","authors":"Noé B. Silva, Ana Paula Santos Oliveira, Cássia Cristina Rezende, Cleiton Mateus Sousa, Adriane Wendland, Enderson Petrônio Brito Ferreira","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3883","url":null,"abstract":"The common bean is one of the most produced and consumed species in Brazil, but the productivity of the crop is still low. The use of new technologies has increased the performance of the production system and allowed greater flexibility in the management of the production system. The use of super-early cultivars combined with co-inoculation with bacteria has become a promising alternative for the production system. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of the super-early common bean cultivar BRS FC104 in response to co-inoculation of Rhizobium tropici and Azospirillum brasiliense. Three field experiments were conducted in Santo Antônio de Goiás (water 2018/19 and winter 2019) and in Abadia de Goiás (winter 2019). A randomized block design was used in a 2 x 3 factorial scheme for all experiments, being two common bean cultivars (BRS Notável and BRS FC104 cultivars) and three nitrogen sources (co-inoculation with R. tropici + A. brasilense; nitrogen fertilization and untreated control). The co-inoculation with Rhizobium tropici and Azospirillum brasilense resulted in grain yield equal to that of the nitrogen treatment. The super-early cultivar BRS FC104 showed equivalent productivity as the normal cycle cultivar BRS Notável. Considering that N-fertilizers are a threat to the environment and intensification of sustainable production is a pressing need, the cultivation of the super-early cultivar BRS FC104 under co-inoculation is a recommendation for the sustainable production of the common bean.","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135144481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial indicators of soil quality and soybean yield in agricultural production system using cover crops under no-tillage","authors":"Daiane Conceição de Sousa, Jaqueline Dalla Rosa, João Carlos Medeiros, Cácio Luiz Boechat, Rafaela Simão Abrahão Nóbrega, Henrique Antunes de Souza, Edvaldo Sagrilo","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.06.p3879","url":null,"abstract":"Cover crops improve the physical, chemical and biological quality of the soil and boost crop yield. However, the magnitude of the effects on the microbial activity in tropical soils of Cerrado is still little explored. This study aimed to evaluate the soil microbial attributes and soybean yield after cultivation of cover crops in a sandy clay loam oxisol under no-tillage system, in a region with weather dominated by a bimodal rainfall pattern (Aw type). The experiment was designed in randomized blocks, using a split-plot scheme, with different cover crops in the plots and different soil sampling times in the subplots. The cover crops treatments consisted of the previous cultivation of Crotalaria spectabilis (C. spectabilis), Crotalaria ochroleuca (C. ochroleuca), Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea); Urochloa ruziziensis (brachiaria) and Pennisetum glaucum (millet) as monocrop and the intercropping of millet + C. spectabilis and millet + C. ochroleuca. Soil samplings for microbial and chemical attributes evaluations were performed before soybean sowing and after soybean harvest, which occurred at 12 and 18 months after sowing the cover crops. Dry mass (DM) productions of cover crops at full vegetative development stage and soybean yield were also estimated. All the cover crops used in the present study, except the millet + C. spectabilis intercrop produced more than 6 Mg ha-1, with is considered the minimum amount of dry mass indicated as adequate for conservation systems under tropical conditions. Soil cultivated with brachiaria and millet showed higher microbial biomass at 18 months than at 12 months. Similarly, soil cultivated with C. ochroleuca, brachiaria, pigeon pea, millet + C. ochroleuca and millet + C. spectabilis showed higher microbial N at 18 months than at 12 months. Eighteen months after sowing of cover crops, millet maintained the highest soil microbial biomass (161.24 µg C g soil-1) and the millet + C. spectabilis intercrop exhibited the highest soil microbial N contents (30.02 µg N g soil-1) across treatments. Crotalaria ochroleuca, brachiaria, millet + C. ochroleuca and monoculture millet increased soybean yield cultivated in succession, after one single cycle of crop rotation","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135144482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficiency of liquid source nitrogen for foliar absorption in oat","authors":"Luana Henrichsen, Natiane Carolina Ferrari Basso, José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva, Ivan Ricardo Carvalho, Christiane de Fátima Colet, Denize da Rosa Fraga, Odenis Alessi, Gerusa Massuquini Conceição, Deivid Araújo Magano, Cibele Luisa Peter, Juliana Aozane da Rosa, Márcia Sostmeyer Jung, Cristhian Milbradt Babeski, Maria Eduarda Steidl","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.05.p3843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.05.p3843","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to estimate the technical, economic and stability of nitrogen use efficiency in oats intercropped with soybean and corn in conventional management using urea and nutrient spraying for foliar absorption, considering the expression of biomass and grain yields in different cropping systems, subsidizing the validation of this technology. The study was carried out in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil, in a soybean/oat and corn/oat system. In each system, two experiments were carried out, one to quantify biomass yield and another to estimate grain yield, totally four experiments. In all experiments the design was randomized blocks with four replications in a 2x4 factorial, for 2 nitrogen sources (liquid and solid) with 4 doses (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1), respectively. The solid source (urea) with 45% of nitrogen for root absorption and the liquid source (N-Top®) with 28% of the nutrient for foliar absorption were applied at the phenological stage of the fourth expanded oat leaf. The analyzed variables were biomass and grain productivity, obtained by cutting the three central rows of each plot at the physiological and harvest maturity stages, respectively. The efficiency of using nitrogen from a liquid source via foliar absorption in oats promotes similar results when using urea. Regardless of the nitrogen source, doses of 45 and 75 kg ha-1 are more efficient in soybean/oat and corn/oat systems, respectively. Although the technical efficiency of liquid source nitrogen is proven, the high cost does not allow recommendation on a commercial scale","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135517346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Stimulate® and Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed promote the morphophysiological characteristics of Cordia alliodora seedlings?","authors":"Aline das Graças Souza, Oscar José Smiderle, Sonicley da Silva Maia","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.05.p3832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.05.p3832","url":null,"abstract":"Biostimulants in native forest seedlings, when absorbed and assimilated by plants, can function as activators or inhibitors of their metabolic and physiological processes. In view of the above, the present study establishes the following research problem: Can doses of Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract and Stimulate® be effective in the promotion of initial growth and morphophysiological indices of Cordia alliodora seedlings? The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to four doses (0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 ml L-1) and two hormones (Ascophyllum nodosum and Stimulate®), with five replicates, each of which composed of five seedlings (one in each container). The morphological variables evaluated were shoot height (H), stem diameter (SD), increments in stem diameter (ΔSD) and shoot height (ΔH), shoot dry mass (SDM, g plant-1), root dry mass (RDM, g plant-1), total dry mass (TDM, g plant-1), and Dickson Quality Index (DQI). Physiological variables were: net assimilation rate (EA, g.m-2.day-1), leaf relative growth rate (RA, g.m-2.day-1), leaf area ratio (FA, m2.g-1), specific leaf area (SA, cm2.g-1) and leaf mass ratio (Fw, g.g-1). The bioregulator Ascophyllum nodosum at dose of 0.2 ml L-1 promotes increments in height (ΔH) and stem diameter (ΔSD) of Cordia alliodora seedlings. Ascophyllum nodosum at dose of 0.2 ml L-1 has positive influence on the physiological indices studied in Cordia alliodora seedlings at 120 days after transplanting. The bioregulator Stimulate® at dose of 0.6 ml L-1 is not indicated to obtain Cordia alliodora seedlings with better quality and sturdiness and shorter nursery time. The bioregulator Ascophyllum nodosum at dose of 0.2 ml L-1 is recommended to obtain increments in height (ΔH) and stem diameter (ΔSD) in Cordia alliodora seedlings","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135517349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in anthocyanins, total phenolics, total flavonoid, and antioxidant activity of Karanda fruit at different stages of maturity","authors":"Surasak Boontang, Sakunkan Simla","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.05.p3816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.05.p3816","url":null,"abstract":"Karanda (Carissa carandas L.) is mostly eaten raw and contains numerous phytochemicals and high antioxidant capacity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of the Karanda fruit’s developmental stages on its phytochemical contents, antioxidant capacity, and volatile compounds. The study herein examined three developmental stages; unripe, semi-ripe, and ripe, based on their stage of maturity as observed in their color and texture. Phytochemical properties; including pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C contents, total soluble solid, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid content, anthocyanin contents, and antioxidant capacity (determined through FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS) were measured. Our results found significant differences in the phytochemical properties in each stage of development. Ripe fruits had the highest pH, total soluble solid, anthocyanin content, and antioxidant capacity determined by FRAP. Thirteen volatile compounds were identified in the fruit samples: eight compounds within the unripe fruits, nine within the semi-ripe fruits, and seven compounds were present in the fully ripe fruits. Alanine ethyl amide and acetic acid were major volatile compounds found in unripe and semi-ripe fruits, whereas tartronic acid was present in the fully ripe fruit. We may conclude that the ripe stage of development, having the highest phytochemical contents and antioxidant activity, is most suitable for harvest and most beneficial for human health. The information obtained in this study will be useful for the efficient utilization of Karanda fruit","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135517344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxigenic fungi collected in maize fields from four states of Mexico","authors":"Abiel Sánchez- Arizpe, José Luis Arispe- Vázquez, Daniel Alejandro Cadena- Zamudio, Ma. Elizabeth Galindo- Cepeda, Adriana Antonio- Bautista, Leslie Carnero- Avilés, Juan Mayo- Hernández, Susana Elizabeth Ramírez- Sánchez","doi":"10.21475/ajcs.23.17.05.p3846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.23.17.05.p3846","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is the most important crop for the Mexican society. Phytopathogenic fungi pose a major challenge to this cereal. These fungi are harmful to people and animals, mainly as a result of their mycotoxins. The objective of this research was to identify the fungi found in 18 maize genotypes collected in fields from the states of Morelos, Coahuila, Chiapas, and Puebla, Mexico. Pathogens were isolated in potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture medium and identified using morphological criteria. The pathogens were purified using monoconidial cultures and sheltered at 4 °C ± 2 °C. An analysis of variance was carried out using the SAS® 9.1 statistical software. Fungi from the following genus and species were identified: Aspergillus, Penicillium, Alternaria, Bipolaris, Trichothecium roseum, and Fusarium verticillioides. It is worth mentioning that F. verticillioides and Penicillium sp. are the most common pathogens in maize genotypes, with an incidence of 63.68 and 6.57%, respectively. Moreover, along with genus Aspergillus, they are considered to be the most important toxicological fungi, given the harm that they cause to humans and animals. Therefore, management strategies are needed to guarantee that grains can be safely consumed by society","PeriodicalId":8581,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Crop Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135516399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}