Esen Yıldırım Demirdöğen, Mehmet Akif Akıncı, Abdullah Bozkurt, Ali Çakır, Çiğdem Tanrıverdi
{"title":"Functional Impairments and Related Factors in Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder During the COVID-19 Normalization Stage.","authors":"Esen Yıldırım Demirdöğen, Mehmet Akif Akıncı, Abdullah Bozkurt, Ali Çakır, Çiğdem Tanrıverdi","doi":"10.5152/pcp.2023.23637","DOIUrl":"10.5152/pcp.2023.23637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is a disorder associated with significant functional impairments that can have important consequences for the individual and the society. Those with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were reported to be more vulnerable in the face of difficulties and experience more psychological problems during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. It was shown that the psychological problems experienced during the pandemic could persist during the normalization stage. We aimed to assess functional impairment in adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the related factors during the normalization stage which involved the initiation of fully face-to-face schooling practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a cross-sectional study including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (n = 52) and a healthy control group (n = 52). Functional impairment was assessed using the Weiss functional impairment rating scale self and parent forms. We also examined the factors associated with functional impairment (internalizing-externalizing problems, parenting strategies, and perceived expressed emotion).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder had higher functional impairment scores on Weiss functional impairment rating scale self and parent in all sub-domains and total. Weiss functional impairment rating scale self and parent total mean score had a positive correlation with negative parenting and externalizing-internalizing scores and a negative correlation with the positive parenting score. Weiss functional impairment rating scale-self total mean score was positively correlated with negative parenting and externalizing-internalizing scores and perceived expressed emotion scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that the effects of the pandemic on children's functioning may persist in the normalization stage. For a comprehensive evaluation and effective intervention, it is important that comorbid symptoms, parenting strategies, and the perceived family climate are evaluated from the perspectives of both the parent and the adolescent.</p>","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":"37 1","pages":"193-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11082574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87285360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The ODE Graduate Research AwardCompetition Sponsored by Omicron Delta Epsilon International Honor Society in Economics","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/05694345231197124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/05694345231197124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135420167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The ODE Undergraduate Research AwardCompetition Sponsored by ODE International Honor Society in Economics","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/05694345231197125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/05694345231197125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":"68 1","pages":"342 - 342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44297487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book Review: of May, Ann Mari. Gender and the Dismal Science: Women in the Early Years of the Economics Profession","authors":"Jacqueline Strenio","doi":"10.1177/05694345231197377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/05694345231197377","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65153674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Student Loan Debt Response to Tuition Changes","authors":"Zachary Jacob Dowdy, Tennecia Dacass","doi":"10.1177/05694345231192981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/05694345231192981","url":null,"abstract":"Amid rising concerns regarding student loan debt, we examine the effect of Washington State’s College Affordability Program introduced in 2015 on undergraduate student loan debt to provide policy-makers with additional tools to help prevent another student loan debt crisis. The program reduced tuition for resident full-time undergraduate students at public colleges and universities for two consecutive academic years. This policy adoption created a natural experiment that we exploit to identify a causal link between tuition and loans. Using college-level data for the 2009–2010 through 2021–2022 academic years and employing a difference-in-differences model in conjunction with nearest-neighbor matching, we show that a decrease in college tuition following the adoption of the College Affordability Program caused a $637.96 (9 percentage-point) decline in average loans among first-time, full-time undergraduates in Washington State relative to undergraduates from matched U.S. schools. JEL Codes: G28, I22","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41650342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Partner Proximity and Relationship-Specific Capital in Joint R&D Ventures","authors":"Conrad S. Ciccotello, Richard Fu","doi":"10.1177/05694345231172167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/05694345231172167","url":null,"abstract":"Geographic proximity between parties increases personal interactions and enhances the exchange of tacit information vital to success in collaborative innovation. In a sample of 582 joint R&D ventures, we observe that the distance between partners varies widely. Controlling for the self-selection among partners, we find that more geographically proximate parties tend to establish longer contract duration ex ante to address contracting risks associated with the increased sharing of tacit information. We argue that partner proximity in joint R&D leads to the creation of relationship-specific capital. Thus, the operative governance mode when partners are geographically proximate is organizational in nature. JEL Classification: D23; L24","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":"68 1","pages":"261 - 276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44985561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examining the Association Between Financial Education and Financial Risk Tolerance","authors":"Ashley Tharayil","doi":"10.1177/05694345231186082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/05694345231186082","url":null,"abstract":"An individual’s financial risk tolerance (FRT) has an important role in their financial decisions. Hence, it is a recent topic of interest. Research shows a strong relationship between financial literacy and risk aversion. Little research, however, has been done investigating the correlation between financial education and FRT. In this paper, it is proposed that financial education and FRT may be positively correlated. Since risk preferences are an innate characteristic and can also be motivated by personal and psychological attributes, the relationship between financial education and FRT may not be causal. Results obtained from analyzing data from the 2021 NFCS dataset through multivariate analysis show that financial education courses are positively correlated with reporting higher measures of financial risk tolerance for college educated individuals and for financially low literate individuals who have not attended college. These results hold even after controlling for financial literacy and a myriad of other background variables. JEL Classifications: D14, G00, D81, A20","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43859470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Learning From a Laureate: Dr. Kenneth J. Arrow","authors":"Stacey M. Jones","doi":"10.1177/05694345231184643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/05694345231184643","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, Stacey Jones reflects on her experience taking graduate courses in economic inequality and economic history from Nobel laureate Kenneth J. Arrow.","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":"68 1","pages":"295 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45745624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors that Influence Preferences for Defined Benefit Plans Versus Defined Contribution Plans","authors":"Michael P. Ryan, B. Cude","doi":"10.1177/05694345231180313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/05694345231180313","url":null,"abstract":"The majority of public sector employees in the United States still have access to defined benefit (DB) retirement plans, with some retaining a choice between a defined benefit plan and a defined contribution (DC) plan when hired. This research was based on a survey assessing individuals’ financial literacy, risk tolerance, and time orientation and the influence those three variables had on preferences for DB versus DC plans. Greater financial skill and risk tolerance were associated with a preference for DC plans, while a time orientation focused on the present was associated with a preference for DB plans. This research could benefit employers as they determine retirement plan options that they choose to offer employees. Employers who offer both plan types may benefit from informing employees about the factors associated with preferences for each plan type as greater awareness of such factors could improve employee satisfaction and increase retention. JEL: J32, H75, G53, G32","PeriodicalId":85623,"journal":{"name":"The American economist","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41446013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}