Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Indoor Air Quality in Different Spaces of Residential and Commercial Buildings in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Maryam Bagaber, Shifana Fatima Kaafil","doi":"10.3233/ajw230054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230054","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor air pollution has a significant impact on human health, triggering and inducing a wide range of diseases that result in high morbidity and mortality. In this study, indoor air pollution in different spaces of residential and commercial buildings is assessed in terms of air quality index (AQI), particulate matter PM2.5, particulate matter PM10, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde (HCHO), the total volatile organic compound (TVOC), humidity, and temperature. Two residential apartment buildings are chosen for study, one is in a busy outdoor area and the other is situated in a calm outdoor area to see the effects of outdoor air quality on indoor spaces. It is found that the indoor air quality of bedrooms in residential spaces and cafés in commercial buildings is higher than the standards, and it is recommended to provide proper ventilation for better living of the occupants. Also, it is found that there is minimal effect of infiltration of outdoor air pollutants on indoor air quality and the reason is due to the provision of mechanical ventilation with air filters and effective building envelope.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46489724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Evaluation of Stabilising Components for Effective Treatment of Expansive Soil","authors":"L. Kanagarathinam, Venkatesan Govindaraj, V. Gokul, V. Muthukumaran, Yalam Nikhil Sai","doi":"10.3233/ajw230055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230055","url":null,"abstract":"The experimental study is to understand the mix ratio of fly ash and GGBS (ground granulated blast-furnace slag) in improving the shrink-swell characteristic of soil. The strength of the soil improved considerably after the addition of these stabilisers. In this study, experiments were conducted to observe the influence of the soil stabilisers in the improvement of the strength of the subgrade in expansive soil regions. This influential study will reveal the percentage of Flyash and GGBS mixture. Then the Standard Proctor Compaction test is used to determine the optimum moisture content required to compact the soil with Flyash and GGBS to attain the maximum dry density. The soil’s California Bearing ratio (CBR) was computed to understand the behaviour of improved soil if used as a subgrade. Hence the existing soil can be used as a subgrade with effective treatment of soil.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47050439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granules as Precursors in the Working of Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor: A Review on the Impacts of Granulation","authors":"A. Aishwarya Lakshmi, S. Amalraj, G. Venkatesan","doi":"10.3233/ajw230050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230050","url":null,"abstract":"High-rate anaerobic digesters are of great concern these days—due to their high loading capacity, reduced carbon footprints and lower sludge production. Among them, the most preferred is the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. However, there are still unresolved issues that inhibit the widespread of this technology. To start with the granular sludge bed fostering the microflora forms the prime seat in the working of UASB reactors. These microflora have a predominant role in the treatment of wastewater, hence the factors governing their growth, survival, and distribution are to be studied. Thus it seemed as due important to analyse the granular sludge for its particle size, particle density, and microfilm characteristics, to enhance the reactor’s efficiency. This has made scientists across the world put an eye on factors that shape the granules and how the granules contribute to wastewater treatment. The state-of-the-art is presented in this study.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41923039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Maxillon Blue Dye (GRL) by Using ZnO NPs in Aqueous Solutions","authors":"Esraa A. Said, M. Hadi, H. M. Abdullah, Fadhil A. Rasen, Montather F. Ramadan","doi":"10.3233/ajw230048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230048","url":null,"abstract":"The ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) catalyst was prepared using the hydrothermal method. Properties of nanoparticles were investigated by utilising some techniques (FE-SEM, TEM, and EDX). The photocatalytic degradation of Maxillon Blue (GRL) under UV irradiation has been studied. The use of zinc oxide as a catalyst in the photo catalysis process under different experimental conditions. The influence of several factors includes the effect of mass catalyst and the concentration of Maxillon blue (GRL) dye. Through the results, the photocatalytic efficiency increases by increasing the weight of the ZnO NPs catalyst starting from 0.1 to 0.4 g per 200 mL, also when the amount of ZnO NPs increased, the rate of degradation goes up first and then keeps unalterable on a certain scale, but when the quantity reaches to 0.4 g per 200 mL, the rate of degradation shows slight change. The highest photodegradation efficiency reaches 87% indicating a good surface activity.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41564209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Associated Irrigated Water, Soil and Production of Tomato around the Export Processing Zone of Bangladesh","authors":"P. Barua, M. Islam, A. Mitra","doi":"10.3233/ajw230052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230052","url":null,"abstract":"Present study assesses the uptake and allotment of heavy metals in irrigated water, soil and tomato (Lycopersicones culentum) at the export processing zone of Bangladesh. The elemental distributions of the heavy metals in the plant organs and fruits were determined after the harvesting stage. The uptake and distribution of the three heavy metals Cd, Cr and Pb were found in the several organs of tomato in reducing pattern of green tomato>plant shoot> leaf> ripen tomato> plant root; leaf> ripen tomato> plant shoot> plant root> green tomato and plant shoot> leaf> ripen tomato> plant root> green tomato while Ni has more toxic metal in Plant root but less in ripe tomato. This outline of distribution in the plant organ showed the typical pattern of a prohibited plant with a higher concentration of metals accumulated in the plant parts than in the fruits. The reducing pattern of the bio-concentration factor (BCF) showed that the ability of tomato fruits to accumulate heavy metals was reduced as the level of contamination in plant parts.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46671871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of the Removal of Pollutants Dyes from Aqueous Solution by Highly Active Low Cost Biosorbents","authors":"M. Hadi, H. M. Abdullah, A. I. Saber, Dheyaa Yahaia Alhameedi, Shadha Al Qaysi, A. T. Kareem","doi":"10.3233/ajw230056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230056","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to remove the toxic and dangerous Eosin B (EB) dye by using one of the adsorption processes based on environmentally friendly surfaces prepared in a natural way without chemical activation as low-cost agricultural waste, like pomegranate peels, banana peels, clove sticks and eggshells. Several factors were used that affect the adsorption process. These materials have several advantages such as eco-friendly and having a high surface area to enhance the removal of pollutants. The studied parameter includes the contact time of an equilibrium EB dye which was achieved within 60 min, effect of different initial concentrations of EB dye (10-60 mg/L). The concentration of EB dye was found to increase with the adsorption efficiency (Qe mg/g) while the removal percentage E% decreased, whereas effect of adsorbents dosage was found to increase when the removal percentage (E%) of Eosin B dye increased from 45.55-88.99%, 40.67-82.23% (32.21-77.32%), and (25.34-75.22%). However, the adsorption capacity decreased from 95.66 to 43.43 mg/g, 92.34 to 40.11 mg/g, 90.32 to 37.11mg/g and 91.22-40.3 mg/g when the mass adsorbents of pomegranate peels, banana peels, clove sticks, and egg shells increased from 0.025 to 2 gm in the same order. Also, adsorption isotherms were studied and they obeyed the Freundlich isotherm models.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47795298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Guidelines of Green Building Operation in Thailand Construction Industry","authors":"Wichit Sopharuk, Pairat Pornpundejwittaya, Thanin Silpcharu","doi":"10.3233/ajw230049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230049","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to study the guidelines for green building operations in Thailand’s construction industry and develop a structural equation model (SEM). According to global trends in sustainable development goals, issues about energy resources, pollution, and human surroundings are concerning. Each country’s green building criteria or discipline topics will be developed and improved for their condition. The research analysis emphasised the green building industry using descriptive, reference, and multiple statistics. The research results show guidelines for green building operation in 4 aspects. Each component aspect’s names are (1) Environment Arrangement, (2) Collaborative Creation, (3) Knowledge Management and (4) Technology Development. The hypothesis test showed that the difference in enterprise sizes revealed overall aspects that were not significantly different at 0.05. The analysis of the developed structural equation model showed that it was in accordance and harmony with the empirical data and passed the evaluation criteria. Its Chi-square probability level, relative Chi-square, the goodness of fit index, and root mean square error of approximation was 0.184, 1.084, 0.959, and 0.013, respectively.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47027670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoremediation of Domestic Sewage in Constructed Wetland Integrated with Cultivation of Chlorella sp.: A Novel Technique for Remediation and Resource Recovery","authors":"A. Giri, Vishal Kumar, Kiran, Vijay Vyas, Ashok Kumar, Dinesh Gautam","doi":"10.3233/ajw230042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230042","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic sewage-based constructed wetland (CW) showed that the effluent from CW-system contain enough plant nutrients and enhanced the growth of microalgae. Hence, a pilot CW system employing Typha latifolia in domestic sewage, integrated with the cultivation wild type Chlorella sp. was investigated. Phytoremediation at 48 hours of detention time caused significant changes in its physicochemical properties and the generated effluent was notably attractive for the cultivation of microalgae. The microalga was grown in 6 treatments: treated-mixotrophic (T1), treated-heterotrophic (T2), treated-autotrophic (T3), control-mixotrophic (T4), control-heterotrophic (T5) and control-autotrophic (T6) conditions for 8 days inside an incubator. The results suggested that phytoremediation effluents integrated with mixotrophic cultivation of microalgae, utilising both light and carbon sources could be the most efficient, environmentally safe, sustainable and novel technique for synergistic resource generation and bioremediation.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47790227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delineating Contaminant Hotspots Through Hydrochemical Assessment of a Severely Degraded Watershed in Nepal","authors":"M. Iqbal, Tara Nidhi Bhattarai, C. Heinzel, S. Tuladhar, Sunita Magar, Nirmal Raila","doi":"10.3233/ajw230035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230035","url":null,"abstract":"This project deals with the environmental assessment of the Bagmati River in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Rapid population growth and urban development in recent decades have turned this river into a highly polluted water body. To delineate the contaminant hotspots, water and sediment samples were collected from eleven (11) sites along the river. Water samples were analysed for temperature, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, E. coli, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), nitrate, total phosphorus (TP), chloride, and heavy metals in sediments. The data showed considerable degradation of the aquatic system. The TDS increased from 52 mg/L in Sundarijal (near source) to 595 mg/L near Teku (city center). Simultaneously, TSS increased from 43 mg/L to 1233 mg/L, with a contamination hotspot near the Thapathali area. DO quickly dropped below 2 mg/L at all sites near downtown. E. coli increased from 4000 MPN/100 mL in Sundarijal to 46,000 MPN/100 mL in Teku. The high levels of E. coli and the low DO were attributed to the direct disposal of sewage, house-hold trash, industrial effluents, and wastes from hospitals and slaughter houses. In recent years, sediment accumulation of heavy metals has also gone up, namely Cr (35%), Cu (59%), Fe (7%), Pb (7%), and Zn (25%). Phosphorus ranges from 0.2 mg/L at the source to 6.2 mg/L near the city. Phosphorus comes from the area’s wastewater treatment plant, industrial discharges, and sewage. From people’s survey results, 23% said they dispose off part or all of their trash into the river or directly on the street. The urban impact is also evident in the dramatic rise of dissolved Cl in water from the suburbs (26.2 mg/L) to the central city area (73 mg/L). Based on the results, areas near Teku, Thapathali, and Kalimati should be prioritised for immediate remedial measures. Urgent recommendations include dredging of stream sediments, contaminant source cutoff, stringent industrial regulations, and buffer strips and filter beds along the stream banks.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46350682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications on Lake Phewa and Kulekhani Reservoir of Chemical Fertiliser Application by Farmers","authors":"B. K. Kafle, Bed Mani Dahal, Chhatra Mani Sharma, S. Gurung, K. R. Kafle, N. Raut","doi":"10.3233/ajw230038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/ajw230038","url":null,"abstract":"This study analysed factors influencing the decision to use chemical fertilisers by farmers at the household level, and it included a related assessment of nutrients in nearby water bodies. One focus group discussion was held at each site, and then a total of 198 and 58 households in Lake Phewa and Kulekhani Reservoir, respectively, were surveyed. The results reveal that 90% and 55% of households applied chemical fertilisers in Lake Phewa and Kulekhani Reservoir, respectively. A logistic regression model indicated that the two factors having a significant positive influence on the decision to use chemical fertilisers were higher vegetable yield and the amount of urea available to farmers Water sampling indicated that phosphorous concentrations were relatively high in both these water bodies compared to previous studies in other nearby lakes.","PeriodicalId":8553,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41603224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}