Revista economica最新文献

{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE SERVICE SECTOR TO DRIVE SUSTAINABILITY","authors":"C. Chirvase, A. Zamfir","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0010","url":null,"abstract":"The authors have carried out a research paper to investigate how the digital transformation of the service sector leads to sustainability and improves the implementation and achievement of sustainable development objectives, but also to expose the challenges and opportunities through systematic research of the existing specialized literature. We live in an era of digitization, the future is certainly a digital one and the latest generation technologies have unimaginable capabilities to create infinite opportunities for sustainable development in absolutely any field or corner of the world. Digitization makes this dream of a sustainably developed world in which all 17 sustainable development objectives are fully achieved, become reality in the near future. Following the research, we concluded that the successful achievement of sustainable development objectives is represented by the power of motivation of the private sector and citizens to participate actively, but also their connection with the government by introducing a legislative framework to measure the involvement of each of the participants in order to create another framework based on bonuses by reducing taxes and other personalized benefits, and this can only be achieved through digitalization and the latest generation technologies, which definitely represent the path to a sustainably developed world of the future, the legacy of today s society for future generations. The results of this research make an important contribution to the field of study and complement the existing specialized literature.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"109 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140726008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DECISION THEORY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN THE ECONOMIC CHOICE – IMPACT OF EVOLUTIONISM","authors":"Emil Dinga","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"The paper aims to question the required decision theory concept, structure, and mechanism under the current challenges of optimality model of rationality crepuscule, sustainability model of rationality emergence, and evolutionism extending from the biological species to the symbolic ones (as decision theory is). To this end, the three symbolic species are logically described based on their sufficiency predicates, then the three sets of sufficiency predicates are put together in order to find the compatibility among them, as either binomial or trinomial compatibility. So, three complete compatibilities are found based on which some concluding remarks are provided.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EVALUATION OF NATIONAL DEFENSE FROM AN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE","authors":"A. Huseraș, Nicolae Balteș","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Measuring the defense product (or national defense as a public good) is a necessary step in determining the efficient use of public funds in the defense sector. In this paper, the final product obtained by the military field is analyzed from a macroeconomic perspective. The defense sector absorbs a substantial part of the state s resources, limited resources that could have multiple alternatives uses for society (education, health, infrastructure, etc.). While defense expenditure (considered as input or consumption of resources) is known for each state, for now there is no internationally established standard indicator of the defense product (benefit) obtained. This is in contrast to how performance is evaluated in the private sector economy. In the field of defence, the solution proposed by economists for measuring \"defense output\" assumes that defense output equals \"resource inputs\" (a convention widely used in the public sector) or that the value of defense output equals be roughly equal to the expenses incurred to achieve that result. Measuring the value of production in the free market economy is not viewed as a matter of policy. Market economies solve this problem through the method of market prices, and the supply-demand mechanism, which actually reflects the options existing between a certain number of buyers and sellers. However, in the field of defense things differ from the private markets model, which leads to an understanding of the challenge in measuring and evaluating the defense product. Economic theory provides some guidelines for determining the optimal outcome of the defense product. Analyzing these aspects from the perspective of an optimization problem, it is necessary to identify the socially desired level of defense, and to track the resulting (achieved) level of defense. This is done by equating the additional or marginal costs of the proposed defense spending with the additional or marginal benefits obtained. Although the economic approach is difficult to translate into a set of clear policy guidelines, it nevertheless provides a framework for designing defense performance assessment.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"132 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TEST OF ARBITRAGE PRICING THEORY ON STOCK INDICES: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON BIST100","authors":"V. Akel, Boubacar Amadou Cisse","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0001","url":null,"abstract":"The Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT), based on arbitrage theory, emphasizes that a market can rebalance itself After the occurrence of an arbitrage opportunity. This capability of financial markets confirms the Arbitrage Pricing Theory. This study tests the validity of APT on the Istanbul Stock Exchange between the period of January 2009 and March 2020 on BIST100. Purposing to determine the relationship between security returns and other macroeconomic factor, it will serve as a compass for other emerging countries. With stock return factor as independent variable, this study uses a Vector Error Correction Model (from the VAR family model) with five macro-economic factors: GDP, interest rate, inflation rate, exchange rate and the countries’ production indexes. The resulting model depicts a negative Error Correction Term (ECT) which indicates the validity of the model in the Turkish stock exchange.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMPACT OF DIGITIZATION IN ENSURING SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL","authors":"Elena-Andreea Guran, Eduard-Nicușor Păpulete","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Considering today s technical and technological progress, digitization represents a clear solution in ensuring an appropriate development that responds to new trends and that ensures the successful achievement of strategic national development objectives. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the contribution of digitization to the growth of the national economy in a sustainable way and our goal in finding new solutions for overall development of our country to match the other countries in European Union. In the study, we sought to highlight the most relevant factors of the digitization process with direct involvement in the sustainable development of the economy. To carry out this research, we used the factor analysis method with the help of the IBM-SPSS software to select the representative variables. The purpose of using this analysis method is to identify the factors with the strongest impact/role on the development of digital infrastructure at the level of the national economy in order to support a sustainable development, having as a reference base the evolution of some representative indicators that marked this process during 2017 – 2022. The evolution and dynamics of the influencing factors resulting from the research determine the detailed analysis and the identification of potential discrepancies between the digital transformation process and the proposed objectives.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 ON THE ROMANIAN BANKING SECTOR","authors":"T. Dumitra","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 impacted the economy livelihood and had a lot of negative effects on many economic sectors, including banking. We aim to measure some of these effects over the listed Romanian banks. Through the lockdown, the authorities tried to stop the spread of the virus, but regrettably a part of population lost their job permanently or temporarily, or their incomes were reduced alarmingly. Being faced with such a situation and considering that one also must cover the basic needs, if you, too, are in the position and you have one or more loans at the bank, the next question you ask yourself is how will I manage to pay the installment? Event studies use data from the financial market, which gives them a high degree of veracity. They use statistical methods using time as a dependent variable and then look for variables that explain the duration of an event (or time until an event). The research was done over several years, and the banks included in the research were: Transylvania Bank and BRD - Groupe Société Générale and BET is the stock index used. Regarding the main methods which were applied we mention: descriptive statistics, time series (e.g. Augmented Dickey Fuller test), least square method, t-statistic test. The test results were positive and consistent with reality. This paper evaluates the major impact of Covid-19 on Romanian banks and was able to give us answers and solutions to countless questions.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LOCAL PEOPLE S PERCEPTION OF CERAMIC BEADS IN KUCHING, SARAWAK","authors":"Aina Marini Aton, Aida Afifah Zamhari, Shaik Hussain Shaik Azahar","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0011","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the perception of ceramic beads among the local population, focusing on factors that increase young people s interest, affect the duration of the process, and analyze the community s perception of promoting beads using ceramic beads. The study, conducted in Kuching, reveals that the perception of residents towards ceramic beads is influenced by various factors. The findings highlight the importance of understanding community perception and offer recommendations for improvement. 0009-0007-7687-7641 Aina Marini","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE INTERCONNECTIONS BETWEEN ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENT RELATED INDIDCATORS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH ECONOMIC GROWTH","authors":"Radu Rusu","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0021","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the principal components that are characteristic to a varied number of indicators specific to the economic, social and environmental interconnectivity. The data are drawn primarily from the World Bank’s WDI, the UNDP’s HDI and Our World in Data’s Indicators. Using cross-section panel data from 2000 to 2021, for a number of 32 European countries, a considerable number of factors are generated by conducting the principal component analysis. The results of the analysis depict an image where the three-dimensional interconnectivity is described to a greater extent by components such as: the agricultural sector’s value added as a percentage of the GDP, the total quantity of primary energy consumed per capita, the percentage of the population that has access to internet, the percentage of individuals that are unemployed, the population density, the total dependency ratio, the industrial sector’s value added as a percentage of the GDP and the percentage of the female population that has attained at least secondary education. Together with the GDP, the obtained factors are statistically analysed in order to observe the existing correlations between economic growth and the economic, social and environmental interconnectivity. According to the results of the Pearson correlation, both positive and negative relationships of moderate intensities exist between economic growth and the factors that address the three-dimensional interconnectivity. Furthermore, recommendations are made for future research regarding the creation of an index based on the components that form the factors previously obtained.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYSIS OF SPORTS PERFORMANCES USING MACHINE LEARNING AND STATISTICAL MODELS - A GENERAL ANALYSIS OF THE LITERATURE","authors":"Irina-Cristina Cojocariu","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0013","url":null,"abstract":"The attendance of football fans at the matches played in the big city stadiums has a significant impact on the incomes of football clubs, an aspect studied more in recent years in the specialized literature, but with the summary presentation of related analysis techniques. Machine Learning remains certainly one of the preferred methodologies that has shown gratifying results in the fields of sports classification and prediction. One of the ever-growing fields that require good accuracy continues to be sports prediction, due to the huge amounts of money involved (player transactions, betting market, etc). These predictive models created for application within various clubs become a starting point for creating revenue maximization strategies. Taking into account these aspects, I will start by presenting the necessary steps in cleaning the data sets, continuing with the data preparation and their exploratory analysis by presenting the techniques offered by CRAN for the use of the R language and by non-programmers. Therefore, after the data set is prepared, we can start formulating the research questions, and this paper aims to present an objective analysis of the sports prediction models presented in specialized papers and the directions that can be followed in future research in the sports field, especially football.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ACCOUNTING OPTIMISED SKILL SET AND THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION - THE VIEW OF PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTING BODIES","authors":"Andreea CORDOS (LABADITIS), Adriana Tiron-Tudor","doi":"10.56043/reveco-2023-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56043/reveco-2023-0014","url":null,"abstract":"The digital transformation of the accounting field is triggering a reconfiguration of the optimized skill set that is required of practitioners worldwide. Emerging technologies have set foot into accounting daily processes, triggering the need that practitioners upskill their digital competences, while also emphasizing the relevance of soft and technical skills. The optimal accounting profile, adapted to the needs of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is being analyzed in the current paper through means of a thematic literature review of the reports of professional accounting bodies. Professional accounting bodies are key change-agents that enable the optimization of financial activities and help organizations improve activities and reach their goals. In this sense, they provide the most updated information in terms of skills and competencies required of accounting practitioners. The results of the literature review present three distinct skill categories. The three groups consist of technical skills, meaning traditional accounting skills, soft skills, meaning cognitive related and behavioral skills, and lastly the study addresses the topic of digital skills which are a direct result of technological innovations in the field. The digital skill group is being validated as an individual group through the recurrence and the interest that literature of accounting bodies has on these skills.","PeriodicalId":85430,"journal":{"name":"Revista economica","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139370127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}