Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Numerical and Experimental Study of the Thermal Efficiency of an Air-Soil Heat Exchanger in the Sahelian Zone","authors":"B. Kaboré, G. W. P. Ouedraogo, A. Ouedraogo, S. Kam, D. Bathiébo","doi":"10.9734/AJOPACS/2021/V9I330137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJOPACS/2021/V9I330137","url":null,"abstract":"In the Sahelian zone, air conditioning in house by air-soil heat exchangers is an alternative in the context of insufficient of electrical energy. In this work, we carried out a numerical and experimental study of thermal efficiency of an air-soil heat exchanger. This study provided an estimation of thermal efficiency of an experimental air-soil heat exchanger during June, July and August 2016. Numerical results provided a better understanding of the influence of parameters such as tube length, air velocity and soil temperature on the thermal efficiency of this system.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86214092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copolymerization of Butadiene with Ethylene in the Presence of Ni-containing Organometallic Catalytic Systems and Different Modifiers","authors":"I. Akhundov, F. Nasirov, A. Tagiyeva, Y. Yusifov, F. F. Mammadov","doi":"10.9734/ajopacs/2021/v9i330136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2021/v9i330136","url":null,"abstract":"Copolymerization of ethylene with butadiene was carried out in the presence of nickel diethyldithiocarbamate and various modifiers. Triphenylphosphines were selected as modifiers. Solutions of nickel diethyldithiocarbamates and said modifiers in aromatic solvents of various concentrations have been prepared. Their physicochemical parameters, particle sizes in solutions, as well as mutual solubility were determined. It was demonstrated that these complexes are readily soluble in aromatic solvents, and the particle size in solution is in the nanometer range. These complexes were tested in the processes of copolymerization of ethylene with butadiene in combination with various cocatalysts - (tri-, diethylaluminum chloride). The products synthesized in their presence were analyzed by various physicochemical methods and their structure was confirmed. It has been shown that oligomeric and copolymer products with the required structure can be in fact synthesized in the presence of these catalytic systems. The activity and selectivity of catalytic systems have been comparatively tested in liquid phase (co) polymerization processes. The composition and conditions have been found to have a significant effect on the activity and structure of the resulting products.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77554657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma Radiation Levels of Some Selected Government Farms in Rivers State Nigeria","authors":"A. N. Abayiga, G. Avwiri, C. Ononugbo","doi":"10.9734/AJOPACS/2021/V9I230135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJOPACS/2021/V9I230135","url":null,"abstract":"Human are exposed to Background Ionizing radiation (BIR) due to the consumption of crops from fertilized farms within the study area.an in-situ measurement of BIR exposure rate in six fertilized farms and the unfertilized farm aws carried out using a well calibrated portable nuclear radiation detector (Digilert 200). and Geographical positioning system (GPS) for measuring the geographical location. The BIR of the selected local government area varies from 0.012 mR/hr to 0.022 mR / hr and the higher BIR value recorded in Khana, Obio / Akpor, Ahuoda east and Emuoha Local Government area (0.015 mR/hr, 0.015 mR / hr , 0.014 mR/hr , 0.014 mR / hr . While the mean value of Eleme and Gokana were within the permissible limit of 0.013 mR/hr and the BIR of the unfertilized farm was lower than the standard value of 0.013 mR/hr.the mean of absorbed dose varies from 1131 nGy / hr to 122.1nGy/hr which was higher than the recommended safe limit of 84.0 nGy / hr UNSCEAR 2008.The mean of ELCR varies from 0.63 to 0.72x10-3 which is higher than the world average value. The AEDE varies from 0.14 to 0.33 mSv / yr which are below the recommended permissible limit of 1.0 mSv / yr for general public. The effective dose to different body organs are below the recommended limit of 1.0 mSv / yr. The study shows that fertilized farms are contaminated due consistence application of fertilizers during cultivation, but the contamination does not have any direction health effect on individual who consumed crops from fertilized farms but there is the potential for long term health hazards in future such as Cancer due to consistence consumption of crops from fertilized farms.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79419935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids on the Tensile Properties of Gellan Gum/KCF Biocomposite Films - A Prelude Study","authors":"A. A. Shamsuri, K. Abdan, T. Kaneko","doi":"10.9734/AJOPACS/2021/V9I130126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJOPACS/2021/V9I130126","url":null,"abstract":"In this prelude study, the gellan gum/kenaf core fiber (KCF) biocomposite films were fabricated with the addition of imidazolium-based ionic liquids such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (Bmim Cl), 1,3-dimethylimidazolium methylsulphate (Dmim MeSO4), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (Emim Ac), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (Emim OTf). The fabrication of the biocomposite films was carried out by mixing KCF and the ionic liquids in an aqueous solution, followed by dissolution of gellan gum in the same solution at a temperature of 90°C. The mixed solution was gelled at room temperature, and the formed gel was dried in an oven at 40°C for 48 hours to obtain a freestanding biocomposite film. The fabricated films were characterized by using a universal testing machine to acquire tensile properties. The tensile test results indicated that the biocomposite film added with Emim Ac possesses a higher tensile extension at maximum (up to 24%) than the biocomposite film without ionic liquid (added with glycerol). In addition, the biocomposite film added with Emim OTf has a higher tensile modulus at maximum (up to 758%) compared to the biocomposite film without ionic liquid. In conclusion, the tensile properties of the gellan gum/KCF biocomposite films can be improved with the addition of Emim-based ionic liquids with different counter anions.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76427088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surfactant Enhanced Bioremediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soils Using Alkyl Polyglucoside","authors":"C. Ezekiel, L. Osuji, M. Onojake","doi":"10.9734/ajopacs/2021/v9i330138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2021/v9i330138","url":null,"abstract":"Bioremediation is an efficient and environmentally friendly method for the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in contaminated soils. This study investigated the effects of biosurfactant alkyl polyglycosides (APG) on enhanced biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soils.  Three soil samples were contaminated with two different grades of crude oil (medium and Light). Alkyl polyglucoside was synthesised and subjected to FTIR for comfirmation of the product before it was applied in the remediation of contaminated soil. The alkyl polyglucoside is used as a treatment regime in the remediation of the hydrocarbon contamination in the three soil samples. Results of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) before remediation with bio-surfactant showed that samples contaminated with medium crude for Eneka, Ozuoba and Rukpokwu were 15744.00 mg/kg, 11359.00 mg/kg and 11470.00 mg/kg respectively and after remediation reduced to 4276.00 mg/kg, 4265.00 mg/kg, and 3205.00 mg/kg, showing a reduction percentage of 72.84%, 62.44% and 72.05% respectively. Soil samples contaminated with light crude showed result of TPH of 11339.00 mg/kg, 10662 mg/kg and 10226 mg/kg and after remediation reduced to 2981 mg/kg, 3879 mg/kg, and 4245 mg/kg respectively showing a reduction percentage of 73.71%, 63.62 % and 58.49% respectively. The enhanced efficiency of the bio-surfactant at degrading total petroleum hydrocarbons was achieved as a result of the increased solubility thus improving the bioavailability of the hydrocarbons due to the action of the alkyl polyglucoside.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86045195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxymethyl Cellulose from Eichhornia crassipes and Pennisetum purpureum as Potential Source of Sustainable Drilling Mud Additives","authors":"I. Emenike, C. Leo, M. Onojake","doi":"10.9734/ajopacs/2021/v9i330139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2021/v9i330139","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose extracted from Eichhornia crassipe (Water hyacinth) and Pennisetum purpureum (elephant grass) yielded 21.88% and 31.39% respectively. Cellulose extracted was used to synthesize carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) under heterogeneous condition with ethanol as the supporting medium. Effect of concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) on the modification of cellulose to yield CMC was investigated. It was observed that percentage CMC yield increased with increase in NaOH concentration. Comparative studies of the two biomass samples through physico-chemical analyses in terms of degree of substitution (DS), water absorption capacity, water loss, pH, conductivity and analytical characterization using SEM-EDX, FT-IR and EDXRF spectroscopy of the extracted cellulose and synthesized CMC were done. The DS of CMC obtained by alkalization reaction of cellulose from E. crassipe and P. purpureum with monochloroacetic acid was in the range of 0.54-0.75 which showed that it is highly soluble. Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometer showed changes of functional group from cellulose to CMC. The absorption at 3283 cm-1 and 3320 cm-1 as observed in E. crassipe and P. purpureum spectra showed OH vibration of polymeric compounds. The presence of bands at 1592 cm-1 and 1417 cm-1 in E. crassipe spectrum and bands at 1566 cm-1 and 1410 cm-1 observed in P. purpureum spectrum showed the presence of –COO group as a result of carboxymethylation reaction on cellulose during modification process. EDXRF was applied for quality control and product development due to the unavailability of the elemental composition of elephant grass and water hyacinth in the literature. The morphology and elemental compositions on the surface of the biomass were analyzed by SEM-EDX and among the chemical elements detected were C, O, Na, Mg, Al, S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe Si and Zr which confirms the elements identified with EDXRF spectroscopy. XRF spectra show high peaks at Fe, K and Sn for untreated P. purpureum samples and high peaks at Ca, Fe and Sr for untreated E. crassipe fiber. Both samples are rich in Iron (Fe). Samples were free from some toxic elements such as Pb, As, Hg, V and Ni which makes them safe for use as novel raw materials for industrial applications. Also very low concentration of Sulphur in the samples, make them safe to be considered as additives in drilling mud formulation.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84850694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aqueous Phase Adsorption of Pb (II) Ions onto Hymenoptera sphecidae (Mud-wasp) Nest","authors":"D. Kukwa, P. A. Adie, R. E. Kukwa, Paula D. Kungur","doi":"10.9734/ajopacs/2020/v8i230113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2020/v8i230113","url":null,"abstract":"Removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution using Hymenoptera sphecidae (mud-wasp) nest was investigated using a batch process. The effect of pH, contact time and adsorbent dose were also investigated. The result showed that the adsorption of Pb (II) ion onto mud-wasp nest was dependent on pH, contact time and adsorbent dose. Adsorption patterns were analysed in terms of three bi-parameter isotherms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. Freundlich isotherm gave the best fit to the adsorption data with a correlation coefficient of 0.992, while monolayer sorption capacity yielded 41.667 mg/g. Lagergren’s pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic models were used to test the adsorption kinetics. The kinetic data were well described by the pseudo second-order kinetic model, suggesting that the process was chemisorption type.  The results showed that mud-wasp nest can be used as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solutions.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90414715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Hazards from Outdoor and Indoor Radiation in Oil Field Facilities in Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"G. Avwiri, J. Ekpo, Y. Chad-Umoren","doi":"10.9734/ajopacs/2019/v7i430099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2019/v7i430099","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to determine the occupational hazards due to exposure to gamma radiations from oil and gas facilities. In-situ measurement of radiation exposure rate of some Oil Field Facilities in Rivers State, Nigeria  carried out using Digilert 200 and Radalert 100 nuclear radiation monitor and a geographical positioning system (Garmin GPSMAP 76S). The average exposure rates of the facilities range from 0.010±0.002 to 0.015±0.001, for indoor and 0.014±0.003 to 0.027±0.003  for outdoor. The mean absorbed dose rates for indoor varied from 92.1 to 121.1 nGyh-1 while the mean outdoor absorbed dose varied from 120.4 to 234.2 nGyh-1. The estimated indoor annual effective dose varied from 0.14 to 0.19 mSvy-1 while the outdoor annual effective dose varied from 0.23 to 0.36 m Svy-1.The estimated indoor excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) range from 0.56× to 0.65x10-3 and outdoor ranged from 0.65×5 to 1.26×. The respective mean values of absorbed dose, AEDE and ELCR for indoor and outdoor measurements at the different locations exceeded the world permissible values of 60, 70 and 0.29× respectively. The result of this work indicated that used oilfield pipe market recorded the highest exposure rate. This could be due to radiations from scales on the pipes and may pose health challenged for long term exposure.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91375352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Temperature Synthesis and Characterization of MFe12O19 (M=Sr, Ca) by Solvo-combustion and Ceramic Method Using Mathematical Analysis","authors":"A. B. Borkar, B. Borkar, K. Pande, S. Choubey","doi":"10.9734/ajopacs/2019/v7i330098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2019/v7i330098","url":null,"abstract":"Hexagonal Magnetoplumbite Compound CaFe12O19 were synthesized by two methods  namely  Solvo  Combustion  and  Ceramic methods respectively. The compounds were studied by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), Scanning electron Microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and Magnetic Studies. The XRD studies indicate the sample synthesized by Solvo Combustion Method CaFe12O19 doesnot crystallize purely in Magnetoplumbite structure. Its ‘d’ values and (hkl) are slightly different than when small amount of Strontium is added to calcium which crystallize in Hexagonal Structure with a = 5.80 Ǻ and c = 22.15 Ǻ since the ionic radius of Strontium  is  more than that of Calcium.  The SEM images by Solvo Combustion and Ceramic method nearly indicate the morphology of the samples to be Hexagonal structure. The EDS indicates the clear presence of element Ca, Sr, Fe and O in the Solvo combustion and ceramic method prepared sample.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87156000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Mathematical Model of the Biomechanics of Green Plants","authors":"N. Uka, J. D. Olisa","doi":"10.9734/ajopacs/2019/v7i330097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajopacs/2019/v7i330097","url":null,"abstract":"This study considers the biomechanics in the stem of green plants. The process of translocation and transpiration is discussed. The coupled non-linear differential equations governing the motion of the flow were non-dimensionlized and then solved using the homotopy perturbation method. The effects of various parameters such as Schmidt number, porosity, buoyancy forces (thermal and concentration Grashof numbers) and aspect ratio embedded in the flow were examined on the concentration field. The results showed that increasing the porosity, Schmidt number, Sherwood number and aspect ratio resulted to a decrease in the concentration field whereas increase in the buoyancy forces had a positive effect on the flow by increasing its concentration and hence enhancing the growth and productivity of the plant.","PeriodicalId":8541,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Physical and Chemical Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82988906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}