Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah最新文献

{"title":"Small Bowel Volvulus: A Rare Case Report","authors":"A. Jabbar, Mohamed Fatema","doi":"10.26715/jbms.34_4_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.34_4_9","url":null,"abstract":"Adult small intestinal volvulus is a rare entity and even more rarely, the ileum undergoes torsion without known predisposing factors. This presents as an acute abdomen. Although a rare condition, it should be kept in mind in cases of abdominal pain with or without intestinal obstruction. Since there is no specific laboratory or routine radiological finding in these cases, a CT scan abdomen is the investigation of choice. Small intestinal volvulus exits as two types according to etiology. Emergency surgical intervention is the treatment of choice. Delay and missed diagnosis have serious consequences with increased morbidity and mortality due to bowel ischemia. Here we report a case of a 32-year-old male having no predisposing factors presenting with abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Physical examination and investigations were unremarkable. The patient was managed by urgent surgical intervention after having confirmed the diagnosis peroperatively as small bowel volvulus.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69075194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotational Atherectomy Stuck Burr Retrieval, A Percutaneous Approach","authors":"J. Hasan, Fawaz Bardooli, Shereen al Shaikh, S. Shivappa","doi":"10.26715/jbms.34_3_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.34_3_8","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Besides conventional therapies to treat coronary artery disease, which ranges from preventative measures to invasive intervention, complex percutaneous coronary intervention techniques have been developed that yield several techniques including rotational atherectomy (RA). It is evident that RA has benefits primarily in treating calcific coronary artery lesions predominantly lesion modification. Similar to other invasive procedures, RA carries variable risks such as perforation, entrapped burr, slow-flow and dissection. Entrapped burr can lead to devastating complications, where it may end up by emergency surgery. The authors report a rare complication of RA, Kokeshi phenomenon, where the stuck burr was successfully retrieved percutaneously.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69075395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying employees at high risk of diabetes among the medical staff of Jaber Al-Ahmed Armed Forces Hospital in Kuwait and screening them for diabetes","authors":"M. AlRandi, A. Hussain, Y. A. Al-Nesef, W. Alsharbati, A. Alobaidly, A. A. Almelh","doi":"10.26715/jbms.25_2_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.25_2_8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the top diseases leading to morbidity and mortality in Kuwait. There is often a delay in diagnosing patients with type 2 diabetes due to the long asymptomatic pre-clinical stage and complications are commonly present at diagnosis. Screening can identify diabetics and treatment can be initiated earlier to prevent complications. Screening can detect pre-diabetics who may benefit from interventions to prevent or delay progression to diabetes. Objectives: The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of risk factors for diabetes in healthy employees and screen those with high risk for diabetes. Method: A cross-sectional study conducted in Jaber Al-Ahmed Hospital from October to November 2012. The Finnish questionnaire for diabetes risk assessment was used to categorize participants into different risk categories for diabetes. Participants considered to be at high risk were screened for diabetes using HbA1c. Results: 647 employees participated in the study. 70.6% of the participants were overweight or obese; more than half had a high waist circumference and 23% were smokers. Kuwaiti employees tended to have more risk compared to non- Kuwaitis (P<0.001) with 27.6% of Kuwaitis belonging to the low risk group compared to 42.4% of the non-Kuwaitis. HbA1c testing showed that out of the 51 participants with high/very high risk, 6 (11.8%) were diabetics and 26 (51.0%) were pre-diabetics. Conclusion: Screening and a diabetic risk assessment for those at high risk should be part of the routine occupational health check program in the hospital.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69073516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consideration of primary hyperparathyroidism in primary care","authors":"B. A. Ubaidi","doi":"10.26715/jbms.25_2_12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.25_2_12","url":null,"abstract":"A sixty-seven-year-old female patient presented with symptomatic hypercalcemia as the first manifestation of primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma. Initially the chronic hypercalcemia was investigated and then subsequent parathyroidectomy was done. She is doing very well six months following the surgery and the hypercalcemia has resolved completely. Asymptomatic hypercalcaemia due to primary hyperparathyroidism is a common condition in primary care1. Most commonly primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by a solitary parathyroid adenoma (80%), and less frequently multi-glandular adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia or carcinoma2. Patients rarely present with symptomatic hypercalcemia (mnemonic “stones,” “bones,” “abdominal moans,” and “psychic groans”) whereas usually patients remain asymptomatic and the condition is discovered during routine checkup investigations3. The disorder can occur at any age, yet is more common in the middle age group (≥50 years). The ratio of such cases is equivalent to 1:1000 in males, whereas it is 3:1000 in the female population4.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69073831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Public School Teachers Regarding Traditional Bone Setters, Khartoum Locality","authors":"Moutaz M. Hassan, B. E. Shumo, A. Abdelhai","doi":"10.26715/jbms.34_3_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.34_3_2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In Sudan, traditional bone setting (TBS) is still popular and has serious complications. Therefore, awareness and education are essential for TBS. School teachers having a close association with students and parents could be an appropriate medium for health education about TBS after evaluating their awareness. Objectives: To review the knowledge, attitude, and practice among public school teachers toward TBS practice. Methodology: A community-based cross-sectional descriptive study 588 school teachers participated from Khartoum locality, Sudan. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Results: Of 588 participants, 246 (41.8%) were males and 342 (58.2%) were females having the age range between 22 and 65 years, and (69.2%) received bachelor’s degrees. Around 249 (42.4%) believed that all/some of the TBSs had good basic knowledge and 331 (56.3%) participants thought that all/ some of the TBSs had clinical knowledge and skills. Half of the participants 300(51%) believed that some/all TBSs knew about trauma complications and 283(48.1%) participants believed that all/some of TBSs can make an accurate diagnosis. The two main reasons for the popularity of TBS were the cost (60%) and illiteracy (52.9%). Most of the teachers (79.8%) will take their injured students directly to the hospital. (41%) teachers visited TBS for themselves, and around 51% showed their commitment to TBS. Most teachers (96%) said that they will advise parents to take their child to the hospital, while only 4% said they will advise taking them to the TBS. In a situation, if the parents insist on taking their child to TBS, the majority (67.7%) teachers will advise the parents to take their students to the hospital. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that most participants’ knowledge level was below expectations and they have a positive attitude and strong beliefs toward the traditional bone setters. Making awareness in society is essential by organizing educational programs introducing how orthopedic hospitals are better for fracture treatment than traditional bone setters.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69074903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 Vaccine on Menstrual Cycles","authors":"N. Abdulaal, Nahid Kamal","doi":"10.26715/jbms.34_4_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.34_4_2","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A worldwide increase in menstrual abnormalities was reported post Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccinations. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and impact of the menstrual abnormalities post COVID-19 vaccinations in Bahrain. The study also looked at the variations after first, second and third dose of vaccination. Methods: The survey was sent to the participants who had received the COVID-19 vaccinations (n=1000) via social media as well as printed copies; 343 responses were received. Participants who had a history of irregular menstruation prior to COVID-19, were on hormonal or non-hormonal medications, gynaecological and non-gynaecological diseases were excluded from the study. Results: The findings indicated that 62.5% of the participants reported menstrual abnormalities after COVID-19 vaccinations manifested as changes in frequency, length and quantity of menstruation. Majority of the participants had Sinopharm for their first and second doses (62.8% and 58.5% respectively) while majority of the participants had Pfizer as third or booster dose (88.4%); however, was no significant effect of the type of vaccine on the menstrual changes. 46.8% of the participants reported that their daily life activities were affected and about 5.8 % participants were prescribed medications to regulate their menstruation. Conclusion: The study indicated that there is a temporary effect of COVID-19 vaccination on menstrual cycle about which the women needs to be counselled and informed.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69075031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Patients Referred to the Emergency Department","authors":"Ghada Al Qassim, A. Mohammed, Hytham Ghanem, Ehab Musbah, Aysha Khamis Alkaabi, Salah Al Ghanem","doi":"10.26715/jbms.34_3_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.34_3_6","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objectives: The main role of emergency care involves providing immediate treatment and attention to patients with life threatening conditions. Critical patients are referred to the emergency department through primary medical services. In this study we reviewed referrals made to the Emergency Department (ED) from primary health care facilities in order to maintain adequate and quality care to patients in need of emergency services. Methods: Patient hospital records were reviewed and analyzed over a period of 3 months. We included all patients who were referred to our ED through primary health care services during this period. Data was collected on the date, time, indication for referral, triage level, diagnosis, and outcome. Results: In this study with 1094 patients, referrals for patients below 14 years (59.1%) were higher compared to adult referrals (40.9%). The leading causes of referral from all primary health centers to our ED was trauma and injury related (28.8%). This was followed by conditions presenting with abdominal pain (11.3%) and respiratory problems (9.7%). Most of these referrals were safely discharged without the need for further follow up. Conclusion: The findings in our study despite the small number and time period of the study provide useful preliminary basis for further research in this area as well as development in the referral system planning and modification.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69075231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-compliance of children with ADHD to outpatient clinic appointments at the Psychiatric Hospital, Kingdom of Bahrain","authors":"A. Al-Ansari, M. Al-Khunaizi","doi":"10.26715/jbms.25_2_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.25_2_7","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Objectives: Non-adherence to clinic appointments by children with ADHD is considered a major obstacle to treatment.The aims of the study were to determine the rate of non-compliance to treatment and to identify the reasons for non attendance, as well as the characteristics of children who did not comply with clinic appointments. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional survey was undertaken of all children aged 18 years and under who attended the Child Psychiatric Unit, Psychiatric Hospital, Bahrain, from June 2010 until September 2011 and who were subsequently diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-IV and Conners’ Parent and Teacher checklist (n=53). Results: More than 60% of the cases did not keep their clinic appointments. Their families were characterized by a higher level of education and social status compared to other parents attending the same clinic. Non-compliant children were characterized by the presence of comorbidity (53%), and were in the older age group. Discussion and Conclusion: The degree of compliance to outpatient clinic appointments of children with ADHD should be monitored regularly in team meetings. Problems should be analyzed and solved quickly to ensure better compliance. Education of parents and children should be an integral part of the management plan and presented to families as soon as diagnosis is reached.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69073502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asthma knowledge, attitude and prescribing behavior of primary health care physicians in the Kingdom of Bahrain","authors":"F. A. Al-Jurdabi, H. Al-Ebraheem","doi":"10.26715/jbms.25_2_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.25_2_4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asthma is a serious public health problem, affecting people of all ages. When uncontrolled it can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Poor implementation of the guidelines is considered one of several barriers for achieving asthma control. Objectives: To determine the asthma knowledge, attitude and prescribing behavior of primary health care physicians in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Methods: A cross–sectional survey was carried out from March 2012 to March 2013 among primary health care physicians (PHC) attending asthma workshops as part of a continuing medical education program. During the study period 5 workshops were conducted which were attended by PHC physicians. A self-administered questionnaire was designed to achieve the research objective. The questionnaire was based primarily on a previous study carried out by the Chicago Asthma Surveillance Initiative (CASI) in the USA; a similar questionnaire was used in a study conducted in 2004, and permission was taken from the investigators to use it in our study. Questionnaires were distributed to the study groups at the beginning of each workshop and 192 of the 240 attending doctors completed the questionnaire, an 80% response rate. Results: The responders were mainly family physicians (66.7%), of whom 73.4% were following asthma guidelines. The study showed that slightly more than half of PHC physicians (56.8%) were able to assess the level of asthma control appropriately and the majority of them reported scheduling regular follow-ups for their patients. However, only 39.1% of PHC physicians were aware of the appropriate medication recommended for step 1 and only 37.3% of them reported that they provided written plans for their patients. Conclusion: Various aspects of GINA guidelines appear to have been integrated into clinical practice by primary care physicians in the Kingdom of Bahrain, whereas other recommendations do not seem to have been readily implemented.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69073946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Invasive Ventilation an Alternative to Invasive Ventilation in Covid-19 Patients","authors":"J. Shinde, M. Awladthani, S. L. Shinde, S. Panchatcharam","doi":"10.26715/jbms.34_2022_1_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26715/jbms.34_2022_1_3","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To study the role of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in the treatment of COVID-19 patients with mild to moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Material and methods: Patients with positive RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 who required intensive care unit (ICU) admission due to COVID-19 related pneumonia with mild to moderate ARDS were included in the study. ARDS was treated with NIV, or mechanical ventilation (MV) if NIV failed. NIV was considered for patients admitted to the ICU with mild to moderate ARDS. Primary outcomes were NIV success and failure, defined by intubation and mechanical ventilation, and mortality. Secondary outcomes were determined by the duration of NIV and the number of days stayed in ICU. Results: NIV was successful in 37 patients (50%), whereas 37 patients required endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation (50%). In the study, 15 (40.5%) of the 37 failed NIV patients who required intubation were successfully extubated and discharged from the ICU, whereas 22 (59.5%) died. Disease progression to severe ARDS, infection, and agitation were the leading causes of NIV failure, accounting for 60% of the cases related to severe ARDS. The number of comorbidities and complications caused by the illness itself had a high association with the death rate. Conclusion: This study revealed that noninvasive ventilation can be used as an alternative to mechanical ventilation as respiratory support for mild to moderate ARDS in COVID-19 patients. However, future multi-centric studies with a larger sample are required for more reliable evaluation. Keywords: Noninvasive Ventilation, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, COVID-19, Aerosols, Pneumonia, Intensive Care Units.","PeriodicalId":85027,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society = Majallat Jam'iyat al-Atibba' al-Bahrayniyah","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69074276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}