Journal of social development in Africa最新文献_第4页

Do religious beliefs influence use of contraception among currently married women in Nigeria 宗教信仰是否影响尼日利亚已婚妇女避孕措施的使用

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V28I1

G. Osuafor, A. J. Mturi

{"title":"Do religious beliefs influence use of contraception among currently married women in Nigeria","authors":"G. Osuafor, A. J. Mturi","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V28I1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V28I1","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between religious beliefs and use of contraception may vary from one country to another depending on how homogenous a country is or whether different religious groups do exist and are well represented. The paper examines the effect of religious groups on the use of contraception among currently married women in Nigeria. Data from four Nigerian DHSs were used for this purpose. Use of contraception is still very low in Nigeria and the trend has not been very encouraging. By 2008, the contraceptive prevalence rate was only 15 percent. The bivariate analysis indicates a strong effect of religion on the use of contraception over time which was confirmed by the introduction of control variables in the multivariate analysis. It can be concluded therefore that there is sufficient evidence that religious beliefs have an influence on contraceptive use in Nigeria. Christians are more likely to use contraception than their Muslim counterparts. The study also shows that other factors that influence use of contraception include education and occupation of women, number of living children, rural-urban and region of residence. Efforts to increase contraceptive usage in Nigeria should target religious leaders and put more emphasis on raising the status of women and promoting region specific programmes. Keywords: Married women, religious beliefs, contraception, fertility, family planning, Nigeria","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"28 1","pages":"187-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70557019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Editorial: Celebrating 50 years of promoting social development in Africa 社论:庆祝促进非洲社会发展50周年

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2013-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V28I2

R. Mupedziswa

引用次数: 1

Livelihood activities of migrants from Ghana's northern regions resident in the Obuasi and Techiman municipalities 居住在奥瓦西和特希曼市的加纳北部地区移民的生计活动

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/jsda.v27i2

Augustine Tanle, K. Awusabo-Asare

{"title":"Livelihood activities of migrants from Ghana's northern regions resident in the Obuasi and Techiman municipalities","authors":"Augustine Tanle, K. Awusabo-Asare","doi":"10.4314/jsda.v27i2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jsda.v27i2","url":null,"abstract":"With migration being one of the strategies adopted for poverty reduction, livelihood activities of migrants have become a topic of particular interest. One of the key issues relates to whether at destination migrants maintain the same livelihood activities of their places of origin or they engage in entirely different ventures. Using the DFID Sustainable Livelihood Framework, the paper examines the livelihood activities of Ghanaians who migrate from the northern parts of the country to two municipal areas in the south. Some 508 migrants who were heads of households (HH) participated in the study in two selected municipalities. The results indicated that prior to migration, the main livelihood activity of the migrants had been agriculture but at destinations they were mostly engaged in non-agricultural activities such as petty trade, employment in the civil service, and working in the mining sector. It emerged that the background characteristics of the migrants, to a greater extent, influenced their choice of livelihood activities at destination. The differences in terms of livelihood activities engaged in at the places of origin and those at destination could be attributed to differences in ‘livelihood capitals’ and levels of socioeconomic development between the northern and southern parts of the country. The findings of this paper have implications for population distribution, occupational mobility and patterns of socioeconomic development across Ghana. Keywords: Livelihood activities, north-south migration, occupational mobility, Ghana","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70556536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review - Region Building in Southern Africa: Progress, Problems and Prospects 书评-南部非洲地区建设:进展、问题和前景

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2012-01-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V27I1

O. Jankey

引用次数: 0

Conserving and sustaining culture through traditional dress 通过传统服饰保护和延续文化

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68499

Plp Disele, D. Tyler, E. Power

{"title":"Conserving and sustaining culture through traditional dress","authors":"Plp Disele, D. Tyler, E. Power","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68499","url":null,"abstract":"The government of Botswana through its National Policy on Culture (2001) and the National Ecotourism Strategy (2002) is committed to preserving national culture and historical heritage. The policy stipulates that valuable heritage must be preserved and developed in order to foster a sense of national identity, pride and unity. It is necessary to reformulate cultural values and valuing processes, in order to better understand the Setswana culture and its meaning in material objects. To this end, dress as one of the valuable material culture objects is essential for signifying and expressing subtle cultural value and social relationships. The intimate link between people and their traditional dress lies at the core of ethnic identity, and has assumed a higher level of significance among consumers and tourists who collect symbolic items. A specific emphasis on a national traditional dress seems to be lacking in Botswana. This paper argues that there is need to restore traditional dress in Botswana, which would serve as a symbol of national identity and cultural heritage. The paper is based on the findings of a study that explored the historical underpinnings of national dress in Botswana, and how national dress could be used to sustain culture.","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"26 1","pages":"15-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70555860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Entrepreneurship Policy, Enterprise Diversification and the Motivation Factor: The Case of Botswana 创业政策、企业多元化与激励因素:以博茨瓦纳为例

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68502

Zororo Muranda, Thuso Mphela, M. Nyakudya

{"title":"Entrepreneurship Policy, Enterprise Diversification and the Motivation Factor: The Case of Botswana","authors":"Zororo Muranda, Thuso Mphela, M. Nyakudya","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68502","url":null,"abstract":"The paper interrogates the link between entrepreneurship policy, motivation in business start-ups, growth and enterprise diversification. The link has received considerable attention in developed economies but only limited attention in developing economies. The aim of the study therefore, was to establish the extent of policy influence on motivation and growth, and SME diversification as a prelude to wider economic diversification. The paper is based on a nationwide survey of small and medium enterprises undertaken in Botswana. The study surveyed 226 enterprises covering ten economic sectors. Factor analysis was used to derive factors whose dimensions were assumed to have a close relationship with motivation to SME start-up and growth. The results indicate that policy pronouncements have not always had the push influence on SME start-up and enterprise diversification. Instead key policies such as the tender policy and preferential purchasing policy with clauses meant to assist SMEs have not had a trickle-down effect. Entrepreneurs considered the demands of local authorities an impediment to enterprise start-up and growth. The study, inter alia, recommends the communication of policy right down to the bottom of the entrepreneurial pyramid, as a way of encouraging SME start-up and growth. An intervention to make it mandatory for private financial institutions to lend to SMEs is also recommended. Keywords: Botswana, entrepreneurship, policy, motivation, diversification, SMEs","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"26 1","pages":"75-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70556478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Eradicating poverty and promoting dignity in Botswana through contextual theology of liberation: challenges and prospects 透过解放神学在波札那消除贫穷与提升尊严:挑战与前景

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68505

M. Ruele

{"title":"Eradicating poverty and promoting dignity in Botswana through contextual theology of liberation: challenges and prospects","authors":"M. Ruele","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68505","url":null,"abstract":"Poverty in post-Independence Botswana remains a significant problem for many people today as it inhibits human dignity. Eradicating it is equally a serious challenge. The difficulty with fighting poverty is that oppressive issues such as landlessness, gender/ethnic disparity and HIV and AIDS continue to make its eradication elusive for all concerned. This paper defines poverty and considers different kinds, or levels of poverty. It notes that poverty translates into limited access to basic necessities of life including education, health, recreation, potable water and public hygiene, The paper proposes the application of principles and methods of Contextual theology of liberation in eradicating poverty, for the reason that the basic tenets of this strategy provide perhaps the most pragmatic model in the fight against many social ills. It observes that Contextual theology of liberation is deeply-rooted in the Catholic belief system, and acknowledges the conventional definition of this concept, which posits that Contextual theology of liberation refers to the kind of theology whose knowledge, thinking and practice, arise from and are influenced by the context in which it occurs. The paper concludes by noting that approaches used in Contextual theology of liberation shed light on efforts to identify the most effective ways of eradicating poverty, because built in this paradigm is an understanding that poverty is a form of oppression that requires some form of liberation. Keywords: Poverty, Contextual theology, liberation, gender, landlessness, HIV and AIDS, oppression","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"40 1","pages":"161-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70556626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Book Review: Thari ya Bana - Reflections on Children in Botswana. 书评:Thari ya Bana——对博茨瓦纳儿童的思考。

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68506

G. Jacques

引用次数: 0

Educating for democratic engagement in Botswana's democracy: challenges of promoting democratic education 博茨瓦纳民主中的民主参与教育:促进民主教育的挑战

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.4314/jsda.v26i1.68504

A. Jotia

{"title":"Educating for democratic engagement in Botswana's democracy: challenges of promoting democratic education","authors":"A. Jotia","doi":"10.4314/jsda.v26i1.68504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jsda.v26i1.68504","url":null,"abstract":"In order for democracy to be sustained in any state, it is fundamentally crucial that the education system should teach citizens about democracy and how to participate in the democratic process. Participation in the socio-political process should be the foundation of active democratic engagement by citizens. Educational institutions are supposed to be platforms for social justice where the learner is given a chance to be heard. In a democracy, schools are supposed to educate the citizens so that they can participate in all matters affecting them. This paper contends that in order for Botswana’s citizens to actively participate in the democratic process, there is need for schools to shift their focus and promote democratic education in which pedagogies used are seen to be nurturing awareness of the concept of democracy among the learners. The paper argues that failure to promote ‘democracy education’ in schools could ultimately compromise the pursuit of democratic principles. The paper further argues that a pragmatic curriculum would be well placed to help foster civic-mindedness and political consciousness among the citizens, thus enabling them to fully participate in the country’s democracy. The paper concludes by noting that Botswana’s education system has not done enough in terms of addressing the relationship between education and democracy, and puts forward a number of suggestions on the way forward. Keywords: Democracy, democratic education, Botswana, multicultural education, democratic engagement, learners, schools","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"26 1","pages":"135-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70556614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Link between Business Studies and Quality Education: Botswana’s Experience 利益相关者对商业研究与素质教育之间联系的看法:博茨瓦纳的经验

Journal of social development in Africa Pub Date : 2011-08-01 DOI: 10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68500

Lz Mokgosi

{"title":"Stakeholder Perspectives on the Link between Business Studies and Quality Education: Botswana’s Experience","authors":"Lz Mokgosi","doi":"10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JSDA.V26I1.68500","url":null,"abstract":"A more educated society may translate into higher rates of innovation, higher overall productivity through firms’ ability to introduce new and better production methods and faster introduction of new technology (UNESCO, 2005). It is for this reason that contemporary thought suggests that business subjects are crucial for achievement of quality education, towards economic development. With the above assertion in mind, the current study interrogated conceptual reflections on what quality education entails, and stakeholder perspectives about business subjects, and their potential contribution, to quality education, which could enable individuals to cope during hard times. The study highlights the age-old debate on the contested meanings of quality education. It draws from the recent educational research findings that examined the concept of quality education, as one of the strategies to promote economic development. International instruments such as the Millennium Development Goals’ (MDG’s) and Education for All (EFA) have provided guidance and direction towards achievement of quality basic education through particular subject offerings in school curricula. The study used an open-ended questionnaire to survey 57 participants in an effort to explore stakeholder perspectives on the contribution of Business Studies as a school subject in Botswana. Keywords: Quality education, business studies, hard times, stake-holders, Botswana.","PeriodicalId":85020,"journal":{"name":"Journal of social development in Africa","volume":"26 1","pages":"47-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70555918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0