Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research最新文献

{"title":"Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Floral Methanolic Extract of Costus lucanisianus","authors":"A. Hamilton-Amachree, E. O. Odokwo","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v14i1254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v14i1254","url":null,"abstract":"The chemical and biological profiling of the methanolic extract of the floral part of Costus lucanisianus have been carried out. The floral part was collected from Ogbia Local Government Area of Bayelsa State. The floral part was air dried, grinded and extracted at room temperature in methanol. The methanol extract mixture was then concentrated under pressure. The concentrated extract, MCL was subjected to quantitative phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antimicrobial profiling. The result of the quantitative analysis showed the presence of phenols (14.853±0.350), tannins (6.638±0.051), alkaloids (3.72±0.02), flavonoids (59.444±0.000) and saponins (2.93±0.06). The antioxidant activity increases as the concentration of the methanolic extract increases. Biologically, the floral part has shown activities against the following strains of microbes: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtillis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Candida albican, Klebsiela pneumonia, and Fusarium spp. with the highest activity observed against Staphylococcus aureus. The least antimicrobial activity was observed for Escherichia coli. The present study has established the phytoconstitution, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89514505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petroleum Geochemistry of the Central and Eastern Onshore Niger Delta Basin: Oil-Oil Correlation Using Biomarkers and Multi-Variate Statistics","authors":"I. Oyo-Ita, V. Ogbonna, A. Akinlua, O. Oyo-ita","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4253","url":null,"abstract":"Petroleum geochemistry of oils in several depobelts of the world has been well documented based on biomarkers. However, there is paucity of data regarding the use of multi-variate statistics in oil-oil correlation study, particularly in the Sub-Saharan African region. The purpose of the study was to gain an insight into the geochemical differences and identify their cause(s) through the application of bulk properties, biomarker indices and multi-variate statistics. Correlation of oils from eight wellheads of three stratigraphic units within the Central and Eastern onshore Niger Delta Basin fields (AG and AS) were undertaken by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector. Utilization of bulk properties, biomarker indices and cross plot parameters somewhat separated the mature AG1-4, AS3 and AS4 oils deposited in oxic/suboxicshaly environment from AS2 oil deposited in anoxic fluvio deltaic environment. In-reservoir alteration and migration differences were the major factors responsible for the observed slight geochemical variability in the studied oils. Nevertheless, multi-variate principal component analysis indicated that the Central and Eastern onshore Niger Delta Basin oils were principally generated from similar organic matter sources. The implication here was that the geochemical variations in the studied oils were not significant, a conclusion corroborated by Pearson correlation model data.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84437610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Elucidation and Antimicrobial Analysis of Bioactive Compounds from Amaranthus spinosus","authors":"Anyanele, Sylvalyn Ijeoma, A. I. Egbulefu, A. W. Chibuzo, Umeokoli, Blessing Ogechukwu","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4252","url":null,"abstract":"Amaranthus spinosus is a herb which belongs to the Amaranthaceae family and used by ethnic people in the treatment of various infections and ailments. As a result of its medicinal properties, it is gaining the attention of many researchers. \u0000This research work was carried out to isolate the compounds present in the leaves of Amaranthus spinosus, characterize, use obtained data to validate its bioactivity. \u0000The crude extract was obtained using methanol in a Soxhlet extractor. The pure extracts were isolated from the crude extracts using column chromatography and further purification was done using Sephadex. The structures of the isolates were elucidated using nuclear magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. \u0000In the validation of the bioactivity of the plant, some pathogens were used, including Escherichia coli, Bacillus species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. \u0000The antimicrobial analysis carried out using two isolates from the plant extracts indicated the following zones of inhibition (mm) for the first isolate: 16.00 ± 0.01, 16.00 ±0.01, 15.00 ± 0.08, 16.00±0.08, 17.00 ± 0.08. For the second isolate, the diameter zone of inhibition (mm) includes 6.00±0.08, 5.00± 0.10, 26.00± 0.10, 5.00±0.08, and 16.00±0.10. These results were compared with a standard antibiotic, ciprofloxacin, and standard antifungal, ketoconazole. \u0000The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the isolated compounds were determined and compared with those of the standard drugs.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81048388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of a Schiff Base Derived from 6-Methylcoumarin and 2-aminophenol and its Complexes Using Cobalt (II) and Copper (II)","authors":"N. A. Panda, S. Y. Hussaini, A. A. Baso, H. I. Danjaji","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4250","url":null,"abstract":"Schiff bases and their metal complexes has been a subject of research for a long period till date. Various researchers are focusing on synthesis of various Schiff bases with different metal salts to form complexes and their unique properties tried to be identified. The coumarin possess a lot of medicinal values and it was reported that incorporating of metal ion into its structure increases its activity compared to the coumarin based ligand as reported in literature. Such an attempt made here to synthesize a Schiff base from 6-methylcoumarin and 2-aminophenol and its two metal complexes using cobalt and copper (II) chloride salts. Synthesis was confirmed by FTIR and antimicrobial activity of the ligand (Schiff base) and the metal complex were determined by agar well diffusion method against some bacterial and fungal strains. The melting point of the Ligand was 1580C and that of Schiff bases were found to be 2300C and 2640C for Co (II) and Cu (II) respectively. Molar conductance values of Co (II) and Cu (II) complexes were 15.04 and 12.76µScm-1mol-1 respectively. The result from activity revealed an enhanced antimicrobial activity of the metal complexes over their corresponding Schiff bases in a concentrations dependent manner.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview and Discussion of Azido Impurities and their Risk Assessments in Drug Substances and Drug Products","authors":"Tabrez Shaikh, Amit Gosar","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4251","url":null,"abstract":"Azido impurities are known to be mutagenic and carcinogenic. A small exposure to these impurities may lead to cancer. These impurities may be formed and get incorporated into drug substances or drug products through reagents, catalysts, solvents, or raw materials used in the process of manufacturing drug substances. Various regulatory authorities have published press releases and notices regarding the control of these impurities with the interim limit. Azido impurities can be avoided by taking precautions during the manufacturing of drug substances and products. The methods used to identify and quantify these impurities require highly sensitive instruments such as LCMS/MS or GCMS, which can detect these impurities to a trace level within the given interim limit. These methods are validated according to various regulatory guidelines. Liquid chromatography, along with a mass detector, is mostly used for their determination.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasensitive Chip-Liquid Chromatography Analytical Tool for Quantification-A Review","authors":"K. Bhavyasri, G. Srija, M. Sumakanth","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i4249","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chip liquid chromatography (LC) is a form of liquid chromatography (LC) that has been scaled down to suit a microchip for quick, high-throughput analysis with tiny sample volumes and minimal reagent usage. The term also goes by To date, four distinct on-chip LC strategies have been created. These strategies make use of columns that are open-tubular, packed-particle, monolithic, and pillar array. \u0000Applications: This technique is used to analyze small compounds and medications in a variety of biological materials, as well as for proteomics. High quantities of other endogenous chemicals that may cause interference are present alongside these biological compounds, which are only present in tiny levels. LC miniaturization offers a solution to such problems. \u0000Advantage: On-a-chip operations like sampling, sample transfer, separation, and identification are carried out. Sample preparation is the most challenging task at the micro level and is an important component of most analytical techniques, particularly in bioanalysis. One of the crucial steps in liquid chromatography is separation. Sensitive detection methods such as laser-induced fluorescence microscopy and mass spectrometry are being used.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86214303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic Decomposition of Methylene Blue over Nanosized Ca2+ Doped LaMnO3 under Visible Light Irradiation","authors":"H. Nayak, Biswajit Padhi","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i3247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i3247","url":null,"abstract":"The Photocatalytic performance of the Calcium doped lanthanum manganite nanocomposite for photodegradation of Methylene Blue(MB)  dye as an Organic water pollutant,was evaluated over visible light irradiation, at a pH of 4, at constant dose for several hours. The result showed La0.75Ca0.25MnO3 having Perovskite structure shows high degree of catalytic efficiency of 69% within 100 min illumination time, for the removal of Methylene Blue organic dye from its aqueous solution. The sample powder(LCMO) was prepared through sol-gel technique and was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Inductively coupled plasma- atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The XRD data revealed the formation of single phase crystallinity.SEM images shows that the micro sized La0.75Ca0.25MnO3 powder has nanocrystalline structure with average diameter of 1-3 µm. The ICP-AES data confirmed formation of required stoichiometric La1-xCaxMnO3 Oxide. The rates of photodegradation linearly increase as a function of time of irradiation, which was confirmed from study of the optical properties of the resulting aqueous solutions. These findings shows convincingly that La0.75Ca0.25MnO3 photocatalyst possess great promise for visible light driven photodegadation of Methylene Blue dye.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72555628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Influence of Air Ions on the Growth Rate of Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Based on Analytical Growth Model","authors":"M. Yanko, A. Chorny, E. M. Zayats","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i3246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i3246","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the concentration of ions in a nutrient medium both on the surface charge and potential of a yeast cell and diffusion of nutrients through its membrane and on the productivity of baking yeast was studied theoretically. It was shown that the ionized molecules of air components (first of all, of oxygen and nitrogen) changes the concentration of ions in the medium, the surface charge and potential of the yeast cell. This feature affects the diffusion of nutrients through membrane into the cell. The growth rate of the yeast mass depends on the amount of electricity, transported by air ions in the nutrient medium, and is limited by its certain value. That is why the yeast mass growth equation take into account the amount of electricity transported by air ions into the nutrient medium. A priori calculation shows that the productivity of the baker’s yeast can increase by 12…17%.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83298052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proximate and Antinutrient Composition of Hura crepitans (Sandbox Tree) Seeds","authors":"E. G. Ukpong, Janet Monday Tom, O. Okon, J. O. Effiong, P. M. Bobson","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i3245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i3245","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of proximate and antinutrient composition of Hura crepitans (Sandbox tree) seeds obtained from campus of Akwa Ibom State Polytechnic Ikot Osurua, Ikot Ekpene were carried out using standard analytical procedures. The result of the proximate composition analysis showed that H. crepitans seeds contain moisture content (13.875 ± 0.176%), crude fat (36.750±1.060%), crude fibre (0.5±0.000%), crude protein (36.625±0.884%), ash content (0.25±0.000%) and carbohydrate (25.875±0.200%). The result of the antinutrient analysis showed that H. crepitans seeds contain phytic acid (phytate) (0.615±0.002mg/100g), hydrogen cyanide (3.289±0.003mg/100g), oxalate (1.386±0.001mg/100g) and tannins (8.130±0.003mg/100g). Tannins had the highest concentration while phytate had the lowest concentration of all the antinutrients analyzed. The antinutrients can be removed during processing. The result of the proximate composition reveals high crude fat and protein contents of the seed of H. crepitans, showing that the seed is nutritional. Findings from this study therefore suggest intensified research on the seeds of H. crepitans so as to harness its potentials in the production of animal feed.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87460829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Antimicrobial Profiling of Ethanol-Toluene Extract of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth Pod","authors":"O. P. Nsude, kingsley John Orie","doi":"10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i3244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2023/v13i3244","url":null,"abstract":"The research reports the characterization and antimicrobial profiling of an ethanol-toluene extract of the Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth pod. The sample was powdered and extracted with a solvent system of ethanol-toluene (2:1). The extract was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Gas Chromatographic-Mass Spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis, as well as a wet analysis investigation. The qualitative and quantitative analysis reveals the presence of flavonoids (0.307), phenols (0.4545), alkaloids (1.7165), tannins (6.118), saponins (5.700), and glycosides (0.2375). The FTIR revealed the presence of 1723cm-1, which was assigned to carbonyl groups, and the peaks within the range of 3416.10–3777.54cm-1 were attributed to hydroxyl groups. The GC-MS reveals the presence of 34 molecules in the chromatogram, which is consistent with the mass spectra. The ethanol-toluene extract contains 19 guaiacyl and its derivatives, as well as 15 syringyl and its derivatives. The molecule, propenylsyringol (cis)b has the highest yield based on the height of the peak. Other lignin-derived molecules with a good percentage of extraction were vanillin, syringaldehyde and synapylalcohol (cis). The antimicrobial analysis of the extract was tested on nine pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus bacilli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Candida species, Aspergillus Niger, Penicillium spp., Fusarium spp., and Aspergillus fumigates). The result therefore reveals that the ethanol-toluene extract of PMBP was more effective on S. pyogenes (0.9mm), P. bacilli (0.5 mm), and Fusarium spp. (0.9mm) at the MIC of 6.25mg/mL. The standard antimicrobial agents, Focknazol (antifungal) and Ciprotab (antibacterial), have the highest zone inhibition at an MIC of 6.25mg/mL, when compared with the ethanol-toluene extract of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth pod. The ethanol-toluene extract of the Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth pod can be used as a source of guaiacyl or syringyl derivatives and also clinically since it is sensitive to some pathogens.","PeriodicalId":8480,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85296720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}