{"title":"The Buchan Field, Blocks 20/5a and 21/1a, UK North Sea","authors":"T. Wynn, E. Saundry","doi":"10.1144/M52-2018-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2018-11","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Buchan Oilfield is a large mature field, now suspended, located in the Moray Firth. The field is situated 153 km NE of Aberdeen in water depths of c. 122 m. The reservoir comprises an overpressured and fractured Upper Devonian–Early Carboniferous fluvio-lacustrine sandstone. Production was via high permeability channel sandstones and permeable faults and fractures. The Buchan Field was brought onto production in May 1981 by BP Petroleum Development Ltd via the Buchan Alpha semi-submersible floating production vessel (FPV). The oil column is c. 2000 ft in height with a matrix stock tank oil initially in place (STOIIP) range of 322–471–668 MMbbl. Production from the ten vertical development wells was driven by pressure depletion (over 5000 psi since first oil) coupled with weak aquifer influx. Production from the Buchan Field ceased on 13 May 2017 after having produced 147.8 MMbbl. The Buchan FPV was subsequently taken off-station during August 2017. A new facility or tie-back redevelopment option will be required to access the remaining resources which are in the range of 20–90 MMbbl depending on the STOIIP, the production mechanism and the potential development plan.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"6 1","pages":"679 - 690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84648951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Corringham, Gainsborough–Beckingham, Glentworth, Nettleham, Stainton and Welton fields, UK Onshore","authors":"K. Ward, F. Folorunso","doi":"10.1144/M52-2018-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2018-21","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper focuses on the southern part of the East Midlands oil province, in which most hydrocarbon reservoirs are in Carboniferous strata and are primarily oil producing. The oils are predominantly sourced from the Namurian interbedded shales in the Gainsborough Trough and are trapped within anticlinal structures. Oil and gas exploration and production in the UK was marked by the Hardstoft-1 discovery in 1919. Since this discovery, more than 33 fields have been discovered in the East Midlands oil province, including the fields studied in this paper: Egmanton (in 1955), Bothamsall and Corringham (in 1958), Gainsborough and Beckingham (in 1959), South Leverton (in 1960), Glentworth (in 1961), and, the UK's second largest onshore field, Welton (in 1981). All of these fields produce from a Carboniferous petroleum system, sourced from Pendleian-age shales, reservoired in Namurian- and Westphalian-age sands, and trapped predominantly via structural, anticlinal traps.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"16 1","pages":"45 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81764043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Perth Field, Blocks 14/25a, 15/21c, 15/21e, UK North Sea","authors":"N. P. Allan, D. A. Southwood","doi":"10.1144/M52-2019-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2019-38","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Perth Field was discovered in 1983 and appraised from 1992 to 1997, but has remained undeveloped due to the lack of a suitable export solution for the sour fluids. The field is a combined structural–stratigraphic trap on the southern edge of the Tartan Ridge in the Outer Moray Firth. An oil column of >1000 ft is developed in the turbiditic Upper Jurassic Claymore Sandstone Member which is mostly 500–800 ft thick in the proven appraised Core Perth area. Reference case oil in place within Core Perth is estimated at 197 MMbbl. An undrilled northern terrace may contain a similar amount of oil, with an additional 40 MMbbl estimated to be in place in a separate, proven northeastern fault panel. Potential development by subsea tieback to the Scott platform became an option in 2017. P50 reserves for 15 years’ production from Core Perth (five producers and two water injectors) are estimated at 47.3 MMbbl (24% recovery factor). The preferred concept is for oil and gas to be processed on a new self-contained sour module located on a standalone structure at Scott with oil exported in the Forties Pipeline System. Sour gas would be incinerated in a dedicated flare with recovered hydrocarbon gas exported to Scott.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"1 1","pages":"767 - 778"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75873249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Ensign Field, Blocks 48/14a, 48/15a and 48/15b, UK North Sea","authors":"V. Verlinden, H. Basford","doi":"10.1144/M52-2018-87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2018-87","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Ensign Field is located in UK offshore licence Blocks 48/14a, 48/15a and 48/15b. The field is located 100 km east of the Humberside coast within the Sole Pit area of the Southern North Sea. The reservoir consists of sandstones of the Permian Rotliegend Group (Leman Sandstone Formation). Reservoir quality has been impacted by diagenesis during deep burial, whereby illitization has reduced permeability to sub-millidarcy scale. The field has been developed with two horizontal production wells, both completed with five hydraulic fracture stages. First gas from the field was achieved in 2012 via the Ensign normally unmanned installation and exported through the Lincolnshire Offshore Gas Gathering System. The field is compartmentalized by multiple regional-scale De Keyser fault zones. A heterogeneous natural fracture network exists with only a limited contribution to flow. Well performance and ultimate gas recovery have been lower than originally anticipated due to sub-optimal completions and a higher degree of compartmentalization than originally expected. The volume of gas that is connected to the wells is limited by low-offset faults, which have been identified by integrating long-term production data, and core, log and reprocessed seismic data. Production ceased in 2018 when the original export route was decommissioned.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"36 1","pages":"172 - 179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81306861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Alba Field, Block 16/26a, UK North Sea","authors":"I. Moore, J. Archer, David Peavot","doi":"10.1144/M52-2018-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2018-46","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Alba Field is a relatively heavy oil accumulation lying in an Eocene deep-water channel complex in Block 16/26a of the Central North Sea. With an estimated 880 MMbbl in place, the reservoir is characterized by thick, high net/gross sands with excellent reservoir properties and rock physics favourable for seismic property detection. The field has been developed by horizontal production wells, with pressure support provided by seawater injectors. After 24 years of production, more than 427 MMbbl have been recovered. Over the course of the development, the results of development drilling and improved reservoir imaging from seismic have revealed greater reservoir complexity than anticipated at sanction. The highly irregular reservoir geometry is likely to reflect the internal stacking patterns of channel elements within the channel complex that are locally overprinted by post-depositional remobilization. This increased reservoir complexity has required more wells to effectively drain the expected volumes. Despite this, recovery has exceeded estimates from the initial field development plan, reflecting an extremely efficient waterflood. 4D seismic spectacularly images extensive sweep away from injectors and excellent reservoir connectivity. Throughout the development, the application of seismic technologies has been a key enabler for effective reservoir management and, looking forward, maximizing value.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"31 1","pages":"637 - 650"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89177169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Juliet Field, Block 47/14b, UK North Sea","authors":"D. Offer","doi":"10.1144/M52-2017-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2017-14","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The abandoned Juliet gas field is a small, highly compartmentalized, accumulation situated south and east of the Amethyst Gas Field. It was discovered in 2008 by well 47/14b-10 and flowed first gas on 5 January 2014. The field consists of at least two culminations within a very low-relief east–west-orientated fault-bounded anticline. The reservoir comprises aeolian sandstones of the Permian, Rotliegend Group, Leman Sandstone Formation. Reservoir quality varies from good to moderate, with a high production rate achieved from horizontal wells. Seismic time-to-depth conversion is affected by Quaternary seabed channels, chalk burial history and a rapid thickening in the Basalanhydrit Formation located over the east of the field, associated with the edge of the Zechstein Basin. Gas-in-place at pre-development was expected to be 105 bcf, with reserves of 67 bcf. The field was developed using two horizontal wells and a subsea tie-back to the Pickerill Field, 22 km to the east. Since development, the field appears to be more compartmentalized than initially expected.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"59 1","pages":"217 - 225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77558688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Babbage Field, Block 48/2a, UK North Sea","authors":"R. M. Phipps, C. Tiltman","doi":"10.1144/M52-2019-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2019-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Babbage gas field was discovered in 1988 by exploration well 48/2-2 which drilled into the Permian-age lower Leman Sandstone Formation below a salt wall. Seismic imaging is compromised by the presence of this salt wall, which runs east–west across the southern part of the structure, creating uncertainties in depth conversion and in the in-place volumes. Pre-stack depth migration with beam and reverse time migrations appropriate for the complex salt geometry provided an uplift in subsalt seismic imaging, enabling the development of the field, which is located at the northern edge of the main reservoir fairway in a mixed aeolian–fluvial setting. Advances in artificial fracturing technology were also critical to the development: in this area, deep burial is associated with the presence of pore-occluding clays, which reduce the reservoir permeability to sub-millidarcy levels. The Babbage Field was sanctioned in 2008, based on an in-place volume range of 248–582 bcf; first production was in 2010. It produces from five horizontal development wells that were artificially fracced to improve deliverability of gas from the tight matrix. None of the wells has drilled the gas–water contact, which remains a key uncertainty to the in-place volumes, along with depth-conversion uncertainty below the salt wall.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"20 1","pages":"97 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86977833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Kraken and Kraken North fields, Block 9/2b, UK North Sea","authors":"L. Parkes, P. Wood, C. Macdonald","doi":"10.1144/M52-2018-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2018-64","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Kraken and Kraken North fields lie in the UK Continental Shelf Block 9/2b on the East Shetland Platform. Hydrocarbons are stratigraphically trapped within Heimdal Sandstone Member of the Lista Formation. The fields lie at around 3900 ft true vertical; depth subsea and the oil is heavy (13–15°API) and viscous. The field is developed via a waterflood scheme with long horizontal production and injection wells, alternating across the field. To date, 21 development wells have been drilled, with further wells planned. Reservoir quality is extremely good with porosity around 36% and permeabilities in the range of 2–10 D. The field is produced via the Armada Kraken floating production storage and offloading vessel. Developed stock tank oil originally in place is in the region of 400 MMbbl, with further currently undeveloped resources to the west of the field.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"48 1","pages":"863 - 874"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86995697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"UK oil and gas fields: an overview","authors":"G. Goffey, J. Gluyas, N. Schofield","doi":"10.1144/M52-2019-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2019-48","url":null,"abstract":"This volume is the fourth in a widely spaced series of milestone Geological Society Memoirs on UK oil and gas fields. These Memoirs record the extraordinary journey of science, engineering, technological development, inspiration, dedication, occasional serendipity and sheer bloody-minded persistence which has led to the development of some 458 named oil and gas fields (OGA 2019) on the UK Continental Shelf (UKCS). As a side note, the origins of the names of many of these fields have been analysed by Young (2009). As an illustration of the scale of that more than 50-year offshore history, Figure 1 records by decade the 2767 exploration and 1879 appraisal wells drilled from the first well spud in late 1964 to the end of 2019. As described on page ix, this Memoir is dedicated to the memory of John Brooks CBE who sadly died shortly before the Memoir went to press. In his very longstanding role with responsibility for exploration and licensing at the Department of Energy/Department of Trade and Industry, John was instrumental in encouraging exploration activity across the UKCS and onshore. Very many of the fields in this Memoir were found on John’s watch. He was keenly interested in companies’ activities, particularly in encouraging exploration of the deep potential of the UKCS, leading for example to successes in the Southern North Sea. Similarly, his enthusiasm for coring contributed to the collection of what is an invaluable national rock resource. His memorable Cambrian oolite play","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"22 5 1","pages":"3 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87112939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Brechin Field, Block 22/23a, UK North Sea","authors":"G. Goffey, S. Lunn, J. Seedhouse","doi":"10.1144/M52-2018-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1144/M52-2018-77","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Brechin Field was discovered by Paladin Resources in 2004. The reservoir is the Paleocene Forties Sandstone Member, with oil trapped in a small dip closure. The prospect was identified as a bright anomaly on a fluid volume processed as part of a 4D survey. However, the anomaly was not consistent with rock physics modelling, and an earlier processed version of the baseline 3D survey showed the opposite response to the 4D datasets. It was established that the fluid anomaly on the 4D data resulted from constructive interference between reflections from the oil–water contact and from top reservoir. Thus, both versions of the data were responding to the presence of hydrocarbons. The discovery well, 22/23a-7, encountered 137 ft of gross oil-bearing reservoir. Without testing or further appraisal, the field was developed in 2005 with a single production well tieback to the Arbroath platform, via the production manifold at Arkwright Field. Brechin is now operated by Repsol Sinopec Resources and cumulative production to mid-2018 was 4.4 MMbbl. Seismic attributes and well-developed reservoir understanding from neighbouring analogue fields permitted the necessary de-risking of hydrocarbon presence, recovery and volumetric uncertainty, to permit the development of an otherwise economically marginal resource.","PeriodicalId":84271,"journal":{"name":"Biological memoirs","volume":"68 1","pages":"390 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85733972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}