ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY最新文献_第6页

Train Support Vector Machine Using Fuzzy C-means Without a Prior Knowledge for Hyperspectral Image Content Classification 无先验知识的模糊c均值训练支持向量机用于高光谱图像内容分类

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-09-10 DOI: 10.14500/aro.101025

A. Taher

{"title":"Train Support Vector Machine Using Fuzzy C-means Without a Prior Knowledge for Hyperspectral Image Content Classification","authors":"A. Taher","doi":"10.14500/aro.101025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.101025","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a new cooperative classification method called auto-train support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. This new method converts indirectly SVM to an unsupervised classification method. The main disadvantage of conventional SVM is that it needs a priori knowledge about the data to train it. To avoid using this knowledge that is strictly required to train SVM, in this cooperative method, the data, that is, hyperspectral images (HSIs), are first clustered using Fuzzy C-means (FCM); then, the created labels are used to train SVM. At this stage, the image content is classified using the auto-trained SVM. Using FCM, clustering reveals how strongly a pixel is assigned to a class thanks to the fuzzification process. This information leads to gaining two advantages, the first one is that no prior knowledge about the data (known labels) is needed and the second one is that the training data selection is not done randomly (the training data are selected according to their degree of membership to a class). The proposed method gives very promising results. The method is tested on two HSIs, which are Indian Pines and Pavia University. The results obtained have a very high accuracy of the classification and exceed the existing manually trained methods in the literature.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":"422 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85527708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A New Design Approach for a Compact Microstrip Diplexer with Good Passband Characteristics 一种具有良好通带特性的紧凑型微带双工器设计新方法

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-08-25 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10999

A. Rezaei, S. Yahya

引用次数: 7

Role of Laser Produced Silver Nanoparticles in Reversing Antibiotic Resistance in Some MultidrugResistant Pathogenic Bacteria 激光制备纳米银在逆转一些多重耐药病原菌耐药性中的作用

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10877

Abubaker H. Hamad, M. Chawsheen, Ahmed A. Al-Naqshbandi

{"title":"Role of Laser Produced Silver Nanoparticles in Reversing Antibiotic Resistance in Some MultidrugResistant Pathogenic Bacteria","authors":"Abubaker H. Hamad, M. Chawsheen, Ahmed A. Al-Naqshbandi","doi":"10.14500/aro.10877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.10877","url":null,"abstract":"Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were produced through nanosecond laser in deionized water. These nanoparticles were characterized by UV–VIS spectrometer and transmission electron microscopy. VITEK®2 compact system was used to identify Escherichia coli (ESBL strain) and Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA strain) as multidrug-resistance (MDR) bacteria. The antibacterial activity of Ag NPs, ampicillin (AMP), and their combinations was tested against both bacterial isolates through standard microbiological culturing techniques. Our data show that both of E. coli and S. aureus were highly resistant to AMP. Ag NPs alone reduced growth in both bacterial isolates considerably. Growth declined drastically in both bacteria when AMP was used in combination with Ag NPs. The minimal inhibitory concentration of combined agents for E. coli was 20 µg/ml Ag NPs + 1 mg AMP/ml and for S. aureus was 10 µg/ml Ag NPs + 1 mg AMP/ml. The results show that the Ag NPs have great potentials in enhancing the antimicrobial activities of drugs that used to be ineffective against MDR bacteria. Administering combinations of antibiotic(s) with AgNPs may help in treating patients suffering from infections caused by MDR bacteria. Further in vivo and in vitro investigations are required to evaluate the side effects of these combinations.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88631181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synchro Software-Based Alternatives for Improving Traffic Operations at Signalized Intersections 基于同步软件的改进信号交叉口交通运行方案

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10915

N. Hussein

{"title":"Synchro Software-Based Alternatives for Improving Traffic Operations at Signalized Intersections","authors":"N. Hussein","doi":"10.14500/aro.10915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.10915","url":null,"abstract":"Traffic congestion is a considerable problem in urban arterials, especially at signalized intersections. Signalized intersections are critical elements of the highway system, thus improving their performance would significantly influence the overall operating performance of the system in terms of delay and level of service (LOS). The aim of this study is to assess the capacity performance of two signalized intersections in Duhok city, namely, Zari land intersection and Salahaddin Mosque intersection using the procedure in the Highway Capacity Manual and Synchro software. Total intersection delay, LOS, and volume to capacity ratio (v/c) were the measures of effectiveness used for comparison purposes. Different optimization alternatives have been tested to improve current and future performance. The results have shown that the Zari land intersection is currently operating at LOS F with an average delay of 590 s/veh and high values of v/c at specific movements. Results of optimization show that the scenario of creating an overpass with a change in cycle length and adding one additional lane in each direction is the best alternative to improve its performance to the LOS D with the maximum v/c ratio of 0.86. For Salahaddin Mosque intersection, the delay can be reduced from 544 s/veh (LOS F) with high values of v/c at the major street through movement to an average delay of 70 s/veh (LOS E) and maximum v/c ratio of 1, when cycle length and geometrics are changed, and approaching traffic from the minor street is prohibited.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84422458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Design, Modeling, and Characterization of Hot Electron Light Emission and Lasing in Semiconductor Heterostructure-VCSOA with Optical Gain up to 36 dB 光学增益高达36 dB的半导体异质结构- vcsoa中热电子发光和激光的设计、建模和表征

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10969

Hawro I. Yaba, F. Chaqmaqchee

{"title":"Design, Modeling, and Characterization of Hot Electron Light Emission and Lasing in Semiconductor Heterostructure-VCSOA with Optical Gain up to 36 dB","authors":"Hawro I. Yaba, F. Chaqmaqchee","doi":"10.14500/aro.10969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.10969","url":null,"abstract":"Vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs) are interesting devices for optical communication applications. In this work, we have studied the characteristics of gain spectra and amplifier bandwidth in reflection mode at 1300 nm GaInNAs/GaAs hot electron light emission and lasing in semiconductor heterostructure-VCSOA structure using MATLAB program. The device contains 16 Ga0.7In0.3N0.038As0.962 multiple quantum wells (QWs) in its intrinsic region; the active region is bounded between eight pairs of GaAs/AlAs top distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) mirror and 25 pairs of AlAs/GaAs bottom DBRs mirror. Simulation results suggest that the resonance cavity of QW of HILLISH-VCSOA is varied with temperature and number of DBRs periods. We compare the relation between the wavelength and gain at a different single-pass gain in both reflection and transmission modes. The highest gain at around 36 dB is observed in reflection mode. Moreover, we calculated the amplifier bandwidth at different periods of top mirror’s reflectivity, in which when the peak reflection gains increases, the amplifier bandwidth decreases.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85154771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Detection of Sperm DNA Integrity and Some Immunological Aspects in Infertile Males 不育男性精子DNA完整性检测及免疫学研究

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-06-30 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10924

Sarmad N. Mageed, Shukur R. Hamashareef, A. Shallal

{"title":"Detection of Sperm DNA Integrity and Some Immunological Aspects in Infertile Males","authors":"Sarmad N. Mageed, Shukur R. Hamashareef, A. Shallal","doi":"10.14500/aro.10924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.10924","url":null,"abstract":"Immunoinfertility caused by anti-sperm antibodies (ASAs) represents about 10–20% of infertility among couples, which interfere with sperm motility and ability to penetrate cervical mucus, sperm-oocyte binding, fertilization, and embryo development. In addition, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damages are increasingly found with infertile cases affecting male reproduction potency and progeny. This study aims to assess the semen, presence of ASAs, and DNA fragmentation index in normozoospermic patients. A total number of 116 cases with an average age of 20–51 years old, and duration of infertility at 4.70 ± 2.77 are classified into 77 and 39 primary and secondary types of infertility, respectively. Mixed agglutination reaction test was used to estimate the ASAs in semen (direct method) and in seminal plasma and blood serum (indirect method), for both immunoglobulins IgG and IgA. Acridine orange test was used to detect DNA fragmentation index. The results showed a significant difference (P > 0.05) for those with a secondary type of infertility at means 24.37 and 31.48 for IgG, and 14.46 ± 1.76 and 6.86 ± 0.39 for IgA by both direct and indirect methods, respectively. The direct method showed a significant difference only for the sperm tail, while that for indirect method was in sperm mid-piece. The mean of DFI for all cases was 38.25 ± 2.08, at 41.61 ± 2.19 and 31.63 ± 4.29, for both primary and secondary cases, respectively. The percentage of ASAs revealed no significant difference with DFI, except in some parts of sperm.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86478080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Coexistence of extended spectrum β lactamases and AmpC production among uropathogenic isolates of Escherichia coli and its antibiogram pattern 尿路致病性大肠埃希菌广谱β内酰胺酶和AmpC共存及其抗生素谱图

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10898

Aryan R. Ganjo

{"title":"The Coexistence of extended spectrum β lactamases and AmpC production among uropathogenic isolates of Escherichia coli and its antibiogram pattern","authors":"Aryan R. Ganjo","doi":"10.14500/aro.10898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.10898","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000 Emergence of drug resistance in Escherichia coli due to various mechanisms makes the treatment choices very limited. The objective of this research was to investigate extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC lactamases in E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections (UTIs) and to assess their antibacterial susceptibility patterns in a health-care context. A total of 70 E. coli isolates from clinically assumed cases of UTI patients during the 9 months period. The isolates with bacteriuria (105 CFU/ml) were identified. ESBL and AmpC were detected phenotypically. Out of the 70 isolates of uropathogenic E. coli, ESBL production was detected in 34 (48.6%) isolates and AmpC producer in 27 (38.6%) of isolates in which 14 (20%) of them showed coexistence phenotype of both ESBLs and AmpC and 23 (32.9%) E. coli isolates were both ESBL and AmpC non-producer. The findings donated information regarding drug resistance. The level of resistance recorded in ESBL- and AmpC-producing uropathogenic E. coli of this study was raising; therefore, it is crucial to have a strict infection control measures and routine monitoring of ESBL- and AmpC-producing bacteria in clinical laboratory.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80706675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Static Magnetic Field on Bone Marrow Cellular Density 静磁场对骨髓细胞密度的影响

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10946

Bestoon T. Mustafa, Sardar P. Yaba, A. Ismail

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Impact of Min-Max Data Normalization on the Regression Performance of K-Nearest Neighbor with Different Similarity Measurements 研究最小-最大数据归一化对不同相似性度量下k -近邻回归性能的影响

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10955

Peshawa J. Muhammad Ali

{"title":"Investigating the Impact of Min-Max Data Normalization on the Regression Performance of K-Nearest Neighbor with Different Similarity Measurements","authors":"Peshawa J. Muhammad Ali","doi":"10.14500/aro.10955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.10955","url":null,"abstract":" K-nearest neighbor (KNN) is a lazy supervised learning algorithm, which depends on computing the similarity between the target and the closest neighbor(s). On the other hand, min-max normalization has been reported as a useful method for eliminating the impact of inconsistent ranges among attributes on the efficiency of some machine learning models. The impact of min-max normalization on the performance of KNN models is still not clear, and it needs more investigation. Therefore, this research examines the impacts of the min-max normalization method on the regression performance of KNN models utilizing eight different similarity measures, which are City block, Euclidean, Chebychev, Cosine, Correlation, Hamming, Jaccard, and Mahalanobis. Five benchmark datasets have been used to test the accuracy of the KNN models with the original dataset and the normalized dataset. Mean squared error (MSE) has been utilized as a performance indicator to compare the results. It’s been concluded that the impact of min-max normalization on the KNN models utilizing City block, Euclidean, Chebychev, Cosine, and Correlation depends on the nature of the dataset itself, therefore, testing models on both original and normalized datasets are recommended. The performance of KNN models utilizing Hamming, Jaccard, and Mahalanobis makes no difference by adopting min-max normalization because of their ratio nature, and dataset covariance involvement in the similarity calculations. Results showed that Mahalanobis outperformed the other seven similarity measures. This research is better than its peers in terms of reliability, and quality because it depended on testing different datasets from different application fields.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84721644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Human Body Posture Recognition Approaches 人体姿势识别方法

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.14500/aro.10930

M. Ali, A. Hussain, A. Sadiq

引用次数: 1