ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY最新文献_第2页

Web Page Ranking Based on Text Content and Link Information Using Data Mining Techniques 利用数据挖掘技术，基于文本内容和链接信息进行网页排名

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11397

Esraa Q. Naamha, Matheel E. Abdulmunim

{"title":"Web Page Ranking Based on Text Content and Link Information Using Data Mining Techniques","authors":"Esraa Q. Naamha, Matheel E. Abdulmunim","doi":"10.14500/aro.11397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11397","url":null,"abstract":"Thanks to the rapid expansion of the Internet, anyone can now access a vast array of information online. However, as the volume of web content continues to grow exponentially, search engines face challenges in delivering relevant results. Early search engines primarily relied on the words or phrases found within web pages to index and rank them. While this approach had its merits, it often resulted in irrelevant or inaccurate results. To address this issue, more advanced search engines began incorporating the hyperlink structures of web pages to help determine their relevance. While this method improved retrieval accuracy to some extent, it still had limitations, as it did not consider the actual content of web pages. The objective of the work is to enhance Web Information Retrieval methods by leveraging three key components: text content analysis, link analysis, and log file analysis. By integrating insights from these multiple data sources, the goal is to achieve a more accurate and effective ranking of relevant web pages in the retrieved document set, ultimately enhancing the user experience and delivering more precise search results the proposed system was tested with both multi-word and single-word queries, and the results were evaluated using metrics such as relative recall, precision, and F-measure. When compared to Google’s PageRank algorithm, the proposed system demonstrated superior performance, achieving an 81% mean average precision, 56% average relative recall, and a 66% F-measure.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139960836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis of Some novel Azomethine Oxide Derived from Aromatic Oximes and their Anti-microbial Studies 由芳香族肟衍生的一些新型氧化偶氮甲烷的合成及其抗微生物研究

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11471

Jihad H. Mohammed, A. Qaddo, Nabaz A. Muhammad Salih, Faeza B. Omar

{"title":"Synthesis of Some novel Azomethine Oxide Derived from Aromatic Oximes and their Anti-microbial Studies","authors":"Jihad H. Mohammed, A. Qaddo, Nabaz A. Muhammad Salih, Faeza B. Omar","doi":"10.14500/aro.11471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11471","url":null,"abstract":"The organic compound category known as azomethine oxides has garnered significant attention due to its potential for bioactive and pharmacological effects, as well as its role in organic syntheses. Existing literature offers various methods for producing derivatives of these compounds. This study, in particular, concentrates on the creation of several aromatic oximes through the reduction of corresponding aldehydes. Furthermore, these oximes are employed in the generation of new azomethine oxides through a condensation reaction with selected aldehydes. The molecular structure of the synthesized azomethine oxides is determined using techniques such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Finally, the antimicrobial effectiveness of these compounds was assessed against Escherichia coli (gram-negative bacteria), Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacteria), and Candida albicans (fungus). The synthesized compounds were obtained with high purity and yielded excellent results. Furthermore, the data demonstrates that these azomethine oxides exhibit significant antimicrobial activity when compared to standard drugs.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139962884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Innovative Embedded Processor-Based Signal Phase Shifter Algorithm 基于嵌入式处理器的创新信号移相器算法

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11358

Aven R. Hamza, Mohammed A. Hussein

引用次数: 0

Glucuronidase Gene 葡萄糖醛酸酶基因

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11239

H. Masyab, Qutaiba S. Al-Nema, Mozahim Q. Al-Mallah

{"title":"Glucuronidase Gene","authors":"H. Masyab, Qutaiba S. Al-Nema, Mozahim Q. Al-Mallah","doi":"10.14500/aro.11239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11239","url":null,"abstract":"Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus lives inside plant tissue cells in the form of colonies and excretes about half of the fixed nitrogen, which offers potential power that improves plant growth. The aim of this study is to find the interaction of glucuronidase (GUS)-labeled G. diazotrophicus with spinach seedlings and the detection of GUS genes using X-gluc dye (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D- glucuronic acid). The GUS protocol is used to detect GUS-labeled G. diazotrophicus in spinach seedling tissues by chemical detection using X-gluc dye. The results show that the spinach seedlings are successfully infected with GUS-labeled G. diazotrophicus , with the survival of the seedlings throughout their growth period and an improvement in the growth of pollinated seedlings. The outcomes of the microscopic inspection of the root slices reveal the presence of bacterial cells at the root tips and their concentration in the area of the cell walls of the peripheral cells. Furthermore, the findings of microscopic examinations of longitudinal sections for cotyledons show the presence of a number of bacteria within epidermal cell walls. This indicates that the determinants of the interaction between these bacteria and spinach seedlings are suitable for the expression of the gene responsible for the formation of the nitrogenase enzyme.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139629070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural Characterization of Salts Using X-ray Fluorescence Technique 利用 X 射线荧光技术确定盐的结构特征

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11418

Bashdar I. Meena, Hawbash H. Karim, Kurdistan F. Aziz, F. Chaqmaqchee, Dashne M. Kokhasmail, K. N. Hussein

{"title":"Structural Characterization of Salts Using X-ray Fluorescence Technique","authors":"Bashdar I. Meena, Hawbash H. Karim, Kurdistan F. Aziz, F. Chaqmaqchee, Dashne M. Kokhasmail, K. N. Hussein","doi":"10.14500/aro.11418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11418","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the structure of 21 table salts that were collected from different local markets in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. The major trace elements and iodine concentrations in tablesalt are analyzed through the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique and the titration method, respectively. The study shows that using XRF spectral analysis, the collected table salt samples are rich in chlorine, sodium, and contain a lower percentage of bromine, strontium, tin, tellurium, and iodine. Moreover, these samples have a high percentage of sulfur and sirconium, where the molybdenum is >0.2%. Other elements such as zinc and copper are essential and found in low concentrations <0.0086% and 0.001%. Iodine is a trace element that is necessary nutrients for human life, and it is naturally present in some foods. Iodine deficiency is brought on by a lack of iodine consumption. Iodized salt is highly recommended as a source of iodine to prevent iodine deficiency disease. Iodine is added to table salt in two different ways, either through iodate or through iodine. The results show that only 25% of the salt samples have an adequate level of iodine, while the other samples have low or no iodine content. According to the World Health Organization, quality of salt depends on iodine concentration and other trace elements, which are necessary for human health.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139449384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Ultra-wideband Low-power Low-noise Amplifier Linearized by Adjusted Derivative Superposition and Feedback Techniques 利用调整衍生叠加和反馈技术线性化的超宽带低功耗低噪声放大器

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2023-12-23 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11267

Mohsen Alirezapoori, Mohsen Hayati, M. A. Imani, F. Shama, Pouria Almasi

{"title":"An Ultra-wideband Low-power Low-noise Amplifier Linearized by Adjusted Derivative Superposition and Feedback Techniques","authors":"Mohsen Alirezapoori, Mohsen Hayati, M. A. Imani, F. Shama, Pouria Almasi","doi":"10.14500/aro.11267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11267","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-wideband (UWB) applications require low-power and low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) that can operate over a wide frequency range. However, conventional LNAs often suffer from poor linearity and high-power consumption. This research work proposes a novel LNA design that uses the adjusted derivative superposition (DS) technique and feedback to improve the linearity and reduce the power consumption of UWB LNAs. The DS technique enhances the third-order intermodulation (IM3) cancellation by adjusting the bias currents of the transistors, whereas the feedback improves the stability and input matching of the LNA. The LNA is implemented using a degenerated common source topology in a 180 nm standard CMOS technology. The simulation results show that the LNA achieves a power gain of 10–12.2 dB, an input third-order intercept point (IIP3) of about 12 dBm, and a noise figure of less than 2.5 dB over the UWB frequency band of 3.1–10.6 GHz. The input reflection coefficient is less than -10 dB, and the power consumption is 11.6 mW with a 1.5 V power supply. The designed LNA offers a novel and innovative solution for UWB applications that significantly improve the performance and efficiency of UWB LNAs whereas reducing the cost and complexity of implementation.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Electrodeposited Nickel Films 电沉积镍薄膜的磁性和电性

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11211

M. Sultan

{"title":"Magnetic and Electrical Properties of Electrodeposited Nickel Films","authors":"M. Sultan","doi":"10.14500/aro.11211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11211","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic and electrical properties of nickel (Ni) thin films produced by the electrodeposition technique under a range of growth times (30, 40, and 60 s) are investigated thoroughly using Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) magnetometry and Magneto-Resistance setup, respectively. To deeply understand these properties, the elemental composition, surface morphology, and bulk crystalline structure are analyzed using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) with high-resolution scanning electronmicroscopy (HRSEM), grazing incidence X-ra y reflectivity(GIXR), and X-ray diffraction measurements, respectively. EDSanalysis confirms that these samples are free from impurities andcontamination. An increase in coercive fields (~67 Oe) with widedistribution (58–85 Oe) across the film area and a slight variationin the shape of the loops are noticed by decreasing the film growthtime (30 s). This is attributed to the deviations in the film surfacemorphology (defects), as confirmed by HRSEM and GIXRmeasurements. The angular dependence of the coercivity is nearlyconstant for each sample and most angles, indicating the similarityin the reversal behavior in such films.The sample resistance is foundto be ~20.3 Ω and ~2.8 Ω for films with growth times of 40 s and 60 s,respectively. The co ercivity of the AMR profiles and MOKE loops isconsistent with each other, indicating that the magnetization at thesurface performs similarly to that of their bulks. This article givesan indication that Ni films produced by this technique under suchconditions are soft at longer deposition times and largely isotropic,which is more preferable in some magnetic applications.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138588055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Waste Glass on Properties of Treated Problematic Soils 废玻璃对处理过的问题土壤性质的影响

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11284

Jaylan H. Sherwany, Jamal I. Kakrasul, Jie Han

{"title":"Effect of Waste Glass on Properties of Treated Problematic Soils","authors":"Jaylan H. Sherwany, Jamal I. Kakrasul, Jie Han","doi":"10.14500/aro.11284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11284","url":null,"abstract":"Soils are the most commonly used construction material in engineering projects. Fine-grained soils especially clayey soil may expand and lose strength when wet and shrink when dry, resulting in a significant volume change. Construction on weak soils has created challenges for various civil engineering projects worldwide, including roadways, embankments, and foundations. As a result, improving weak soil is vital, particularly for highway construction. The properties of this type of soil can be improved by waste-recycled materials such as waste glass (WG). The WG must be crushed and ground to a fine powder first and then can be mixed in various proportions with the soil. The primary objective of this study is to review the effect of WG on geotechnical properties of fine-grained soils treated by WG. To demonstrate the effects, the treated fine-grained soils at varying percentages of WG are compared with untreated soils. Physical properties (e.g., Atterberg limits, swelling, and maximum dry density), mechanical properties (e.g., California bearing ratio, and unconfined compressive strength) are evaluated. The test results from the literature show that adding a certain percentage of WG leads to a substantial effect on the properties of fine-grained soils; hence, using WG could reduce the required thickness of subbases in the construction of driveways and roads.","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139011227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peperites Peperites

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2023-11-22 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11363

Jabbar M. A. Qaradaghi, Tola A. Merza

{"title":"Peperites","authors":"Jabbar M. A. Qaradaghi, Tola A. Merza","doi":"10.14500/aro.11363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11363","url":null,"abstract":"Peperites are volcanosedimentary materials generated by the mingling of magma and unconsolidated wet sediments. They have unique insights into submarine volcanisms and the tectonic environments where they form. For the 1st time, the authors identified two types of peperites (blocky and fluidal) hosted by micritic limestone rocks in the Walash Volcanosedimentary Group of the Mawat area, Kurdistan Region-Iraq. They are designated as peperitic facies one and two (PF1 and PF2) and consist of black basaltic rocks mixed with chocolate-brown micritic limestone rocks. Their abundance demonstrates the contemporaneity of deep marine sediment deposition and submarine volcanism during Walash’s nascent arc. Despite hydrothermal alteration, the basaltic rocks retained their magmatic textures. Basaltic rocks comprise mainly albite, anorthite, diopside, hematite, and alkali-feldspar. Calcite dominates micritic limestone rocks, while quartz is minor. Based on geochemical data, igneous sections are basaltic rocks with tholeiitic series that are strongly enriched in Light Rare Earth Elements with low concentration ratios of (La/Yb) and (Sr/Y), indicating geochemical affinity to normal island arc basalt with a primitive arc signature. Furthermore, their formation is thought to be caused by partial melting of subducted slabs deep within 30 km and the associated derived fluids above the subducted slab. Thirteen species of planktonic foraminifera (Morozovella) are identified through paleontological research and biostratigraphy. Using these various tools lead the authors to illustrate the tectonic setting of the formation of peperitic rocks in arc fronts of the subducted Walash arc during the Middle to Late Paleocene (60 Ma).","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atherogenic Index of Plasma in the Three Trimesters of Pregnancy 妊娠三个孕期的血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数

IF 0.6

ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.14500/aro.11337

Bana K. Hamadameen, Sara S. Hamad

{"title":"Atherogenic Index of Plasma in the Three Trimesters of Pregnancy","authors":"Bana K. Hamadameen, Sara S. Hamad","doi":"10.14500/aro.11337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14500/aro.11337","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the change that occurs for atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) which is a very good marker for the evaluation of the risk of atherogenicity and cardiometabolic health. This study indicates the logarithm of the triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (log [TG/HDL-c]). The parameters of triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) are estimated and compared with the control cases. The AIP is calculated for each case during pregnancy in first, second, and third trimesters separately and each is compared with control cases. The study population comprised (80) women aged between (20–40) years distributed to (20) healthy non-pregnant women, (20) in the first trimester, (20) in the second trimester, and (20) in the third trimester in Koya health centers. The results of this study showed a significant increase in the TG level in both the second and third trimesters of pregnancy compared to the control cases. Whereas, in the first trimester of pregnancy, it can be assumed that there is a non-significant decrease of TG level rather than control cases. As well as the serum levels of HDL for all three trimesters of pregnancy displayed non-significant changes when compared to non-pregnant cases. These data illustrate that the AIP levels during both the second and third trimesters of pregnancy are significantly higher, as compared to control cases, whereas the AIP levels in the first trimester are non-significantly elevated, as compared with control cases","PeriodicalId":8398,"journal":{"name":"ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0