Preventive cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Obesity and bariatric surgery: two studies.","authors":"Philip R Liebson","doi":"10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.07663.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.07663.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"56-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.07663.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27206235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENHANCE and ONTARGET.","authors":"Philip R Liebson","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07766.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07766.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 3","pages":"179-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07766.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27521792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statin pretreatment is protective despite an association with greater coronary artery disease burden in patients presenting with a first ST-elevation myocardial infarction.","authors":"Lynn Moran,&nbsp;Tyler Fugate,&nbsp;Yufei Xiang,&nbsp;Christopher Cianci,&nbsp;Martin Matsumura","doi":"10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.07320.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.07320.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The relationship of chronic pre-event statin use with coronary disease severity at the time of presentation with a first acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unknown. A retrospective review was performed of consecutive patients presenting with STEMI and without a prior history of vascular disease, divided into those whom had been treated with statins before presentation (n=50) and those whom were not pretreated (n=231). Patients pretreated with statins were more likely to have left main (24.0% vs 8.3%; P=.001) or 3-vessel disease (44.0% vs 25.1%; P=.007) vs untreated patients. After matching for risk factors, a trend toward higher likelihood of 3-vessel disease persisted in the statin pretreatment group (47.6% vs 28.6%; P=.07). Significantly lower peak troponin-I levels (87.8 mg/dL vs 134.5 mg/dL; P=.006) were found in patients pretreated with statins, suggesting that statin pretreatment is protective in patients with STEMI despite the presence of greater disease burden. This finding supports the concept that statin therapy alters the natural history of coronary artery disease development leading to a first STEMI and is cardioprotective in those patients who experience a first STEMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"21-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.07320.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27206229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood pressure control in the patient with difficult-to-control hypertension: which agent for which patient?","authors":"George L Bakris,&nbsp;James R Sowers,&nbsp;Keith C Ferdinand","doi":"10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.08148.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.08148.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On November 16, 2007, an expert panel was convened to discuss the patient with difficult-to-control hypertension. The panel was moderated by George L. Bakris, MD, from the University of Chicago in Chicago, IL. Discussants included James R. Sowers, MD, from the University of Missouri, Columbus, MO, and Keith C. Ferdinand, MD, from Emory University and the Association of Black Cardiologists, Atlanta, GA. This expert panel discussion was supported by Boehringer Ingelheim, and each author received an honorarium from Boehringer Ingelheim for time and effort spent participating in the discussion and reviewing the transcript for intellectual content before publication. The authors maintained full control of the discussion and the resulting content of this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 1","pages":"42-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1520-037x.2007.08148.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27206233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker therapy to reduce cardiovascular events in high-risk patients: part 2.","authors":"William J Bommer","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00004.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00004.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As presented previously in Part 1 of this 2-part article, many long-term clinical trials provide overwhelming evidence of the benefits of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) across the cardiovascular continuum. Trials also indicate additive or synergistic effects of combination therapy in renal disease and heart failure. Part 2, which is presented here, discusses the extensive interaction of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease and the cross-continuum effects of ARBs and ACE inhibitors, which raises the possibility that RAS inhibition can offer protection in high-risk patients who do not have symptoms. Although trial evidence supports the effectiveness of monotherapy, the benefits of combined ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy in high-risk patients await confirmation. Ongoing clinical research will provide new and important information regarding the efficacy of specific combination (ACE inhibitor/ARB) therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 4","pages":"215-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00004.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28203069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease: part 2.","authors":"Panupong Jiamsripong,&nbsp;Martina Mookadam,&nbsp;Mohsen S Alharthi,&nbsp;Bijoy K Khandheria,&nbsp;Farouk Mookadam","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00002.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00002.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In part 1 of this overview, the authors reviewed the epidemiology, definitions, pathophysiology, and interaction of inflammatory markers that are elaborated from the very active paracrine adipocyte. In part 2, they focus on the management of the metabolic syndrome. Management of this syndrome includes identification of individuals in the early stages of the syndrome and emphasizes the risk of developing diabetes mellitus and the progression to cardiovascular disease. This can be accomplished by simple physical examination and an assessment of routine laboratory findings, which should include measurement of fasting glucose, a lipid profile, and body morphometrics. A 10-year risk assessment is needed in patients who have a diagnosis of the metabolic syndrome. The most important therapeutic intervention in the metabolic syndrome is lifestyle change, with a focus on weight reduction and regular leisure time physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 4","pages":"223-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00002.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28203070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Winning at the weight loss game.","authors":"Debbie Lucus","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00009.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00009.x","url":null,"abstract":"How many times have patients been told to lose weight, only to wonder how or which diet is best? If weight loss were easy, then we wouldn’t be faced with the current obesity epidemic. While recent research has indicated that there are a number of diets that may be effective for weight loss, the best plan varies depending on the individual. The downside to a ‘‘diet’’ is that once the dieter stops following the plan, the weight returns. Rather than following a strict diet, sometimes the best way to promote weight loss is to develop small behavior changes over time that can be continued throughout the lifetime. These small changes are both more achievable and more acceptable to patients. We are fortunate to have a number of strategies that have been documented by a database called the National Weight Control Registry (NWCR) to share with patients desiring weight loss. The registry represents more than 5000 adults who have lost at least 30 pounds and maintained that loss for more than 1 year. The NWCR was established in 1994 by Rena Wing, PhD, and James O. Hill, PhD. According to their Web site, it is the largest prospective study of long-term successful weight loss maintenance. Questionnaires and annual surveys are used to determine behavioral and psychological characteristics of the weight maintainers. As data are being collected and tabulated, researchers are beginning to find common characteristics that can be shared with patients who desire or need to lose weight. Overall, the NWCR found that 98% of their participants stated that they modified their food intake in some way in order to help them lose weight, and 94% increased their physical activity. A referral to a registered dietitian can give patients the opportunity to explore the most healthful way to modify their food intake. Some of the following tips also appear to be frequent tactics in the success of participants. Following a low-calorie, low-fat diet is a common strategy among the registrants. A healthy weight loss is generally 0.5 to 2 pounds per week. To reach this goal, a daily 500to 1000-calorie deficit needs to be created. Reducing fat intake can help to quickly produce this deficit, as fat contains 9 calories ⁄g vs 4 calories ⁄g for protein and carbohydrates. For example, 2 tablespoons of mayonnaise on a sandwich each day yields 200 calories from the mayonnaise alone. By switching to fat-free mayonnaise, nearly 190 calories can be eliminated daily. If fat-free mayonnaise is not an option, then reducing the portion is another way to limit fat and calories. Looking at ‘‘extras’’ in the diet can help in calorie reduction, too. For someone drinking 2 cans of regular soda a day at 150 calories per can, a savings of 300 calories can be achieved by switching to either diet soda or another calorie-free beverage (water comes to mind). Changing the mayonnaise and soda intake would create the 500-calorie daily deficit needed for 1 pound of weight loss each week. In the typical daily intake ","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 4","pages":"237-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00009.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28203072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ILLUMINATE-Part 2 and CORONA.","authors":"Philip R Liebson","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07765.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07765.x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 2","pages":"123-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07765.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27373633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease: Part I.","authors":"Panupong Jiamsripong, Martina Mookadam, Tadaaki Honda, Bijoy K Khandheria, Farouk Mookadam","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07809.x","DOIUrl":"10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.07809.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The metabolic syndrome is a constellation of metabolic risk factors and physical conditions that are accompanied by an enhanced propensity toward the development of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. It presents a combination of atherosclerosis risk including atherogenic dyslipidemia, hypertension, elevated plasma glucose, hypercoagulability, and a proinflammatory state. The 2 major underlying risk factors for the metabolic syndrome are obesity and insulin resistance. Exacerbating factors are physical inactivity, advancing age, and endocrine and genetic factors. Associated hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and elevated adipokine levels (adipose cytokines) lead to vascular endothelial dysfunction, an abnormal lipid profile, hypertension, and vascular inflammation, all of which promote the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this 2-part series, the authors present an up-to-date and detailed systematic review of the literature on this important topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 3","pages":"155-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37434592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A longer course of varenicline therapy improves smoking cessation rates.","authors":"John H Lee,&nbsp;Philip G Jones,&nbsp;Kevin Bybee,&nbsp;James H O'Keefe","doi":"10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00003.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00003.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Smoking exerts strong dose-dependent increases in cardiovascular risk and mortality, and quitting can profoundly decrease these risks. Varenicline attenuates nicotine addiction by reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings. A meta-analysis performed addressed whether a longer duration of varenicline is associated with better abstinence rates than shorter courses of treatment. For this meta-analysis, a literature search was performed to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy of the smoking cessation agent varenicline. The association between abstinence and duration of treatment was analyzed using fixed-effect meta-regression. Five randomized controlled trials were identified and included in this meta-analysis. A highly significant relationship (P<.001) was found between the length of exposure to varenicline and abstinence rate. Cessation rates were approximately twice as high with varenicline treatment of 24 weeks compared to 6 weeks. In conclusion, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials suggests that longer duration of varenicline therapy improves long-term abstinence rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":83876,"journal":{"name":"Preventive cardiology","volume":"11 4","pages":"210-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1751-7141.2008.00003.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28203068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}